Gibberellic acid

Introduction Gibberellic acid(C19H22O6) was discovered back in the 1930s by Japanese plant pathologists. In the late 1800s, a disease called Bakanae, also known as the “foolish seedling” infected the rice crops in Japan, Taiwan and other Asian countries. The plants die after demonstrating extended growth patterns. Shotaro Hori, a Japanese plant pathologist, proved a type of fungus was the cause of the disease. The fungus was later named Gibberella fujikuroi. Years later in 1926, another plant pathologist named Eiichi Kurosawa identified the hormone in the fungus that caused the disease. (Melody Lee, 2010) Since then, over 130 additional Gibberellic acids have been identified from other fungus and numerous vascular plants, as well as bacteria.…

Holly Dierksen Biol-181 L Ms. Kringel 4/7/17 Introduction Gibberellic acid is a hormone that is found in plants, that not only controls the plant’s growth and development, but also germination of seeds, lengthening of the internode of the stem, expansion of leaves, floral initiation, and the development of flowers and fruit. It is composed of C19H22O6. Plants are known to only produce a small amount of this particular type of…

The intention of this experiment was to find out which of the two hormones, Gibberellic Acid or Brassinosteroids, would have the greatest effect on growth among our test subjects, the organism Arabidopsis thaliana. The results of this experiment were not as we hypothesized. Gibberellic acid proved superior in cell elongation, which can be observed by way of plant height. This was a rejection to our original hypothesis, as well as a contradiction to the study: “Interactions between…

Two different types of seeds, Radish and Cactus, were grown using different concentrations of Gibberellic acid, to see how it would affect their germination time. The amount of germinated seeds were counted each day, and then compared with the combined data from the rest of the class. Gibberellic acid is a metabolic byproduct of the “Gibberella Fujikuroi” fungus. It caused the stems of rice to grow more rapidly than usual, so rapidly that the plant would collapse (Riley 1987) (Gupta, Chakrabarty…

oxygen3. Serratia Marcescens is a gram negative bacterium. Gram negative bacteria have a thin cell of a single layer of peptidoglycan that is enclosed by an outer membrane. The outer membrane is surrounded by special phospholipids composed of fatty acids called lipopolysaccharides that are attached to a glucosamine…

neutralization reaction. A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (a salt) and water; the resulting pH is closer to 7. The general chemical equation for a neutralization reaction is: Acid + Base Water + Ionic Compound This can also be considered as a double displacement reaction. However, since the reacts are an acid (carbonic acid) and a base (sodium hydroxide) and the products are a salt (sodium carbonate) and water (H2O),…

than anything else. It is important to take care of the body from any harm. One thing that the body is capable of is maintaining pH levels and buffers. A pH is the power of hydrogen and buffers prevent extreme shifts in pH. The blood has a specific type of buffer that is maintained at pH level of 7.4. If the buffers shifts and levels of pH go to 7 or 7.8, it can be deadly. The blood buffer contains carbonic acid which dissociates into bicarbonate acid and hydrogen ions. This equation can also be…

Bronsted-Lowry Theory, is defined as a proton (H+) donor. An equation exemplifying an acid dissolving in water is: HCl (g) H2O H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) A base, based on the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, is defined as a proton (H+) acceptor. An equation exemplifying a base dissolving in water: NaOH (s) H2O Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Molarity, also known as the concentration, is represented as moles of the measured substance divided by the volume in dm3. It is a value of the amount of substance in a…

INTRODUCTION : The concept of dentin adhesion presently used involves the nanomechanical retention which is due to polymerisation of hydrophilic monomers around acid exposed collagen fibres.1 The entanglement of these monomers within the exposed collagen fibres gives rise to the so called Hybrid layer , which is also referred as Resin infiltrated Dentin layer.2 The presence of hybrid layer is important for attainment of a leakage free interface between the cavity walls and resin composite.2…

occurring all over the world, from deforestation to excessive water pollution. One urgent issue facing the world today is freshwater pollution and the negative effects it is having on freshwater aquatic life. Pollution is creating a positive feedback loop in our freshwater aquatic life, including the killings of many of freshwater wildlife. Through the analysis of several different articles and books, this review will look over how eutrophication, acid rain, and heavy metal pollution effects…