Fear conditioning

strengthened and remembered later if connected to an emotional learning task? This is a really interesting question to ask, as if the answer is yes it speaks to an evolutionarily adaptive quality humans have that has yet to fully be explored. For this study, participants were placed in a within-subjects design that used a form of fear conditioning in order to determine…

The article explains an experiment conducted on how the use of like fear conditioned pictures of spiders and snakes, and the fear conditioned to angry faces resists extinction even according to verbal instruction and removal of the shock electrode. The researchers wanted to recreate an experiment about a hypothesis. The preparedness theory to reconcile the apparent inconsistencies between then current learning theory and the phenomenology of phobic fear, much study has been performed to confirm…

Fear is most commonly recognized as a simple feeling we get when faced with a potentially dangerous situation. However, it is a complex response from the brain in order to protect ourselves from a threatening situation. Fear is not as simple as it may seem, and there are many aspects to it that are overlooked including the process and effects, as well as many other things. There are five parts of the brain involved with fear and the response to it. The thalamus receives incoming data and decides…

mist of the Great Depression during the 1930s, newly-elected President Roosevelt expressed his “firm belief” that fear was a thing in and of itself that must be conquered from within the American Psyche. The idea of the “American Dream” originated during the Great Depression at a time when fear and hopelessness became a part of the daily routine, not knowing what the next day would bring. For Roosevelt, it was important to help find a way for the people to be able to move on to better times, it…

Introduction Neural circuits which are involved in fear/threat learning and emotional memory have been studied in various ways including human subjects and laboratory animals. We will first discuss the basic circuits involved in fear conditioning and emotional memory learning. After that, two specific systems – norepinephrine (NE) projections from locus coeruleus (LC) and serotonin (5-HT) projections from dorsal raphe nuclei (DR) – and its effects on threat learning and fear conditioning will…

C2A. Preliminary Results: C2A1. Establishment of fear conditioning protocols to study consolidation and extinction of fear memories: Presented below is published and preliminary data to establish feasibility for the proposed studies; the conditioning and extinction protocols are sensitive to manipulations that enhance or impair fear memory storage and the acquisition and consolidation of extinction. We reported (Zhang et al. 2013) that mice given post-training serotonin 2A receptor agonist TCB-2…

My cousin was bitten by a brown recluse, that spider put a whole in her leg to where she was in the hospital for days it was very nasty looking. That night I remember when I went to sleep and woke up that next morning, it was one on my arm that spider scared me so bad to where I knock it off of me so fast, and hard to where I kill it instantly, but one thing it didn’t bite me at all. Every since then I always been scare of spider. That is a classical conditioning because it’s an emotional…

Phobia is defined as an overwhelming and irrational fear for an animal, thing or place; also it is described as a mechanism of defence before the torment that provokes the internal conflicts. The individual that develops a phobia has perceived a sense of danger in certain objects or situations. People with phobias do everything possible to avoid a perceived danger, which is much higher in their minds than in real life. It is believed that the model of classical conditioning studied by Pavlov has…

Erinn Payne Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning refers to a kind of learning in which a stimulus obtains the ability to evoke a response which was initially evoked by a different stimulus (Weiten, 2010, p. 225). Classical conditioning is a learning theory developed by Ivan Pavlov (Olson & Hergenhahn, 2009, p.30), a Russian physiologist, in about 1900 (Weiten, 2010, p. 225) when he made an accidental discovery upon noticing that dogs salivate at the sight of food during his…

Conditioned Emotional Reactions Albert B. was the only child that any experimenting has been done on so far. This child was so content that he never cried or whimpered. Albert was brought to the hospital environment at nine months old weighing twenty one pounds. His content up-bringing has made him a good candidate for some classical conditioning theories. His mom is wet nurse at Harriett Lane Home for Invalid Children. The definition for wet nurse is where a women was hired to breast feed and…