Echinoderms

The Animal Book Chapter 1: Animal characteristics Chapter 2: Body Parts Body plans refer to similarities in development, structure, and function among members of a particular group (phylum). At some point, members of that group share the same body plan during their development process. Which could be a possible explanation for shared structural plans that have been observed in the anatomy and embryology. Timing, pattern, and scale of development determine the organism's shape, and closely…

As a universal language, mathematics is not only within the education system but rather in almost every aspect of life. When looking outside at nature or even at oneself, various types of symmetrical examples are present. Symmetry, according to the Oxford dictionary, means the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis. Hence, this similarity within symmetrical patterns, designed within various objects or persons appeals to the eye at first glance due…

the Phoenicians began ocean journeys using astronomical navigation. It was the writings of Aristotle from 384-322 BC that specified references to marine life were recorded. Aristotle identified a diversity of species including mollusks, fish, and echinoderms. Aristotle is referred to as the father of marine biology because he was the first recorded observations on marine life. The observations made in the first studies of marine biology powered the discovery and research that followed. During…

What is the Cambrian Explosion? You might have heard the term Cambrian Explosion from your recent science class lecture. Or you may have never even heard of it before. The Cambrian Explosion is a historical event that occurred more than 545 millions of years ago below the Earth’s surface on the very bottom of the ocean floor. This so-called “explosion” did’t happen like most explosions you would imagine. Instead, it happened slowly rather than an instant. This event got it’s name because of the…

Good day ladies and gentlemen. My name is Crystal. I would like to inform you about some of the threats to our beautiful coral reefs. Imagine that you were doing some deep sea diving and you happen to swim along this beautiful, interesting and colorful wave of wonder made of stony corals and consist of plants, fish, clear waters, and many other creatures. Coral reefs have often been referred to as the rainforests of the ocean and they are one of the greatest wonders of the ocean. Coral reefs…

some point inside of the following couple of decades, the landmass' frigid ocean will have sufficiently warmed (by around 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, or 1 degree Celsius) to permit these titan crabs to move up onto the rack and begin eating up the echinoderms (a gathering that incorporates ocean stars and ocean urchins) and mollusks, (for example, shellfishes and mussels) that live there. "That is the thing that must concerned — that in the event that they get up onto the mainland rack they will…

loose carbonate mud covers 135,000 square miles of land. Its biotic factors are animals & plants. It is highly diverse, with 1,500 fish species, hundreds of types of corals, 500 algae species, and many sharks, rays, marine mammals, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Animals like the dugong, butterfly fish, jellyfish, green sea turtle, tiger shark, blue-ringed octopus, krill, cuttlefish, and Crown of Thorns starfish, although of different species, sizes, and niches, all adapt for one of two common…

As the amount of anthropogenic CO2 has been rising in the atmosphere, this has meant a natural rise in the levels of CO2 in the oceans. This rise can have a large effect on the natural biogeochemical cycles of the oceans. The largest effect will be seen through the acidification of the oceans. When CO2 is dissolved in seawater it increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in the ocean, which then decreases the overall pH, causing acidification. This acidification can have a detrimental effect…

Reactions similar to this one tend to buffer changes in atmospheric CO2. The right side of the equation indicated that the reaction produces an acidic compound. If adding CO2 to the left side, would decrease the pH of water in ocean. This process is often been described as ocean acidification, where pH of the ocean becomes less and force the pH of water to be acidic. Rather than this reaction there are other reactions between CO2 and non-carbonate rocks which also add bicarbonate into the…

symmetrical, which means there is a line of symmetry that divides their body into halves that are roughly mirror images of each other. *Bilateral symmetry is not unique to chordates. Other groups of animals, such as arthropods, segmented worms, and echinoderms (during the larval stage) exhibit bilateral…