Atrial septal defect

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is an abnormal communication between the atria (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2010, p. 1219). It is considered as the fourth most common congenital heart defect, comprising about 5% to 10% of all congenital cardiac defects. The causes of ASD remains unknown, but it was thought that genetics play a role. A person with no other heart defect, or a small defect (less than 5 millimeters) may remain asymptomatic, or manifest symptoms later in life ("MedlinePlus," 2014). Most children with ASD are asymptomatic and rarely display any symptoms of pulmonary overcirculation. Since children do not manifest any symptoms of this condition, discovery of it is sometimes incidental, usually during routine physical examination. A crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur, which is auscultated between the second and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border is a sign that alerts the healthcare provider to pursue work-up of the suspicious murmur. In order to confirm the diagnosis, an ECG and…

Atrial septal defects(ASD) is a highly prevalent congenital heart disease [1]. There are four major types of ASD: Ostium Secundum, ostium premium, sinus venous, and coronary sinus [2]. The ostium atrial septal defect is an abnormally large opening in the atrial septum. During the early embryo stages, the atria enlarge, and the septum primum develops with the progression of the embryo. At the final development stages of the embryo and as the heart matures the ostium primum completely shuts;…

Atrial Septal Defect Atrial Septal Defect, commonly abbreviated as ASD, is a congenital heart defect that is caused by a slit like opening in the septum that separates the upper chambers of the heart known as the atria. ASD is one of the most common acyanotic congenital heart defects, which causes the normal blood flow of the heart to shunt from the left to right side of the heart. Although ASD causes the normal blood flow to be redirected it can have little to no effect on the person that has…

The Atrial Septal Defect,the Atrial Septal defect also known as ASD is a disorder that starts when you are born usually causing a hole in a chamber by the left or right atria.The hole causes mixture with clean oxygenated blood and low dark oxygenated blood.The treatments are medications and therapy the bad thing is you have to take medications 5 or 3 times a day,but for the symptoms are a different story as it is hard to live with. This disease is severe and causes other Heart defects it is…

Tetralogy of Fallot Kimberly R. Travolina Fayetteville Technical Community College Abstract Tetralogy of Fallot is a birth defect that affects the pathway of blood flow through the heart. In a patient with the defect there are four anatomical deformities that make up the condition itself. Tetralogy of Fallot is a condition that affects approximately 5 in 10,000 infants. (Mayo Clinic, 2017) The rare congenital heart defect affects both males and females alike. Tetralogy of Fallot…

Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital cardiac abnormality, was first described pathologically in 1888 by E´tienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, a professor at the University of Marseilles. It is characterized by a combination of four related malformations: ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow obstruction, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy, each varying in its severity (Evans 2008). The key anatomical components that identify tetralogy of Fallot include an antero-cephalad…

Any sort of symptoms depends on the size and the location of the VSD. Small VSDs usually won't cause any type of symptoms, and might close on their own later on. Older kids or teens who have small VSDs that don't close usually have no symptoms other than the heart murmur which is the extra noise and if this is the case visiting a doctor is permitted. Medium and large VSDs that haven't been treated in childhood may cause noticeable symptoms. Babies may have faster breathing and get tired out…

About 40,000 babies each year are born with a congenital heart defect (“Congenital Heart Defect”). It also states in the article that the most common type of heart defect is the ventricular septal defect. A ventricular septal defect is a flaw in the septum; the septum is a “wall” in the lower chambers of the heart that separates the left and right side (“Ventricular Septal Defect”; “Atrioventricular Canal Defect in Children”). Parents are able to be more aware if their child acquires the defect…

Tetralogy of Fallot is a disease of the cardiovascular system its rare condition that’s caused by a combination of four heart defects that are present at birth. These defects, which can affect the structure of the heart, can cause oxygenated poor blood to flow out of the heart and to the rest of the body. Infants and children with tetralogy of fallot tend to develop blue- tinged skin because their blood doesn’t carry enough oxygen. During infancy or soon after, tetralogy of fallot is often…

“Tetralogy of fallot is a rare, complex heart defect. It occurs in about 5 out of every 10,000 babies. The defect affects boys and girls equally.” (National Institutes of Health, 2011) Tetralogy of fallot is composed of four defects; 1) ventricular septal defect where there is a hole in the septum separating the right and left chambers, allowing oxygen rich blood to mix with oxygen poor blood. 2) Pulmonary stenosis where the passageway from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery is not able…