Aortic valve stenosis

approach has beenevolving and is changing the face of medicine. Transcatheter Valve Replacement (TVR), is apercutaneous technique that uses fluoroscopic guidance to replace a diseased or dysfunctionalvalve without ever having to go under the knife. To be able to intervene percutaneously is the“most exciting advancement in the treatment of valve disease” (Kenny & Hijazi, 2013, p795).The pulmonary valve and aortic valve are two valves that can be treated or replaced in thecatheterization lab…

What conditions contribute to turbulent blood flow or heart murmurs. Turbulent blood flow occurs as blood moves through narrowed or leaking valves producing a swooshing sound over the precordium and a high heart rate combine with narrowing, causing the heart to handle a larger amount of blood flow than normal; the basis is increased blood velocity, structural valve malfunction, or atypical chambers. Some pathological causes of heart murmurs are anemia, high blood pressure, overactive thyroid,…

hand is a tube composed of metal that can remain within the body to keep a blood vessel open. Interventional cardiology is said to be first discovered by Andreas Gruentzig in 1977 when he widened part of an abnormally narrowed, a condition called stenosis, left anterior descending artery through the use of a balloon catheter.3 Previously any treatment of the heart required open heart surgery which put the patient in high risk…

When a thrill is prominent and widespread, application of the entire palm of the hand is helpful in sensing the direction of radiation. An aortic stenotic thrill radiates upward and to the right, and a pulmonary stenotic thrill radiates upward and to the left. If a thrill is localized, relatively firm application of a fingertip usually suffices for detection.” (Perloff). The distal metacarpals…

increased blood velocity, structural valve defects, valve malfunctions, and abnormal chamber openings (Weber & Kelley, 2014). The heart has four chambers two atria, which are the upper chambers of the heart and two ventricles, which are the lower chambers of the heart. They are then further divided into left and right. Between the upper and lower chambers there are valves to prevent backflow of blood. Between the right atrium and right ventricle tricuspid valve and between…

is made because the blood passing through the heart’s valves and chambers make a sound. Sometimes, the valve doesn’t open entirely, and the blood goes back to the chamber it just left. When that happens, it makes a swishing noise, making it easy to find. Generally, heart murmurs are not exactly dangerous, unless it is abnormal. Abnormal heart murmur is caused, in children, by congenital heart disease. Adults may get it as well by heart valve problems. People do not naturally…

hole, or interventricular communication, which allows shunting of blood between ventricles. When the aorta is displaced over the ventricular septal defect, a portion of it attaches to the right ventricular structures (Anderson and Jacobs 2008). This aortic override enables ejection of deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation (Doyle and Kavanaugh-McHugh…

the most important factor that results in left ventricular hypertrophy. It has been noticed that one-third of the people suffering with left ventricular hypertrophy has high blood pressure. Other risk factors are: 1. Aortic valve stenosis: It is a condition wherein the aortic valve (the tissue flop), responsible for the separation between the left ventricle and large blood vessel leaving your heart (aorta), becomes narrow. This requires the left ventricle to work harder to pump blood into the…

view is completed the left ventricle (LV), mitral valve and the mitral valve apparatus, the left atria (LA), left ventricular outflow, and the aortic valve (AV) are visualized (Fridman, Finkielstein, 2013). A TTE provides valuable information for determining the size and shape of the heart, the strength of pump, location of tissue damage, and determine if there any change in the pattern of blood flow. It is able to visualize all of the heart valves determine thickening, and calcific changes…

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the second most common form of heart muscle disease and is the number one cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. It affects approximately one in 500 adults in the United States. HCM is a genetically determined heart muscle disease caused by more than 1400 mutations in 11 or more genes encoding proteins of the cardiac sarcomere (Maron & Maron, 2013). HCM is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) of various morphologies with a wide…