Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Obsessive compulsion disorder, also known as O.C.D, is a mental disorder where a person feels the need to repeat things over and over again until he or she feels satisfied. Psychologist call the need to repeat things over and over again a ritual. While only 2.3% of the U.S population has O.C.D (mHMR), not all O.C.D is the same. One person may feel the need to always wash their hands, while another may feel the need to turn a doorknob a certain amount of times. Doctors do not know what cause…

Much is still unknown about the actual cause of specific phobias. However, the development and course of specific phobias can be traced to or determined by several different factors. Behavioral, cognitive, and social theories of learning and conditioning, psychodynamic models such as the psychoanalytic theory of Freud, physiological studies of the brain, family background and genetic predisposition, variations in sociocultural themes, and theories on trauma are some of the factors that can help…

Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorder around the world1. It has been estimated that 5.8 per 1,000 population in developed countries and about 12.8 per 1000 in lower income countries suffer from this disorder2. Pharmacotherapy is the primary method for controlling epileptic seizure. However, about 30% of patients suffer from refractory epilepsy or are unable to tolerate adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs 3, 4. Thus, it is of great importance to find new drugs with…

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) remain the mainstay pharmacological treatment for OCD. They are fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram and escitalopram. In this case, Mrs P was taking escitalopram. However, in contrast with depression, SSRIs treatment in OCD requires higher dosage and the response time is somehow longer. Usually, patient with depression respond to SSRIs within 2-6 weeks whereas patients with OCD take 10-12 weeks of response time (Dougherty,…

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a type of anxiety disorder which an individual experience “unwanted, reoccurring obsessive thoughts and behaviors that reduce the anxiety of the obsessions.” (NIMH » Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. (n.d.). Retrieved October 30, 2016, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/index.shtml). Those who suffer from OCD often repeat certain actions such as “washing their hands, checking, cleaning, counting, and arranging items in…

At first, those suffering with the condition were treated with antidepressants often called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil), according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (Baker, 2011, pg. 1). However, those authors also noted that “an [S]SRI study in veterans produced negative…

The issue of overprescribing antidepressants to teens has been a growing problem throughout the decades. In research done by Harvard it is estimated that one in ten Americans takes some form of a depressant (Wehrwein). The research also states that less than one third of those who take an antidepressant have been through therapy with a licensed psychiatrist (Wehrwein). “The rate of antidepressant use in this country among teens and adults (people ages 12 and older) increased by almost 400%…

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a syndrome characterized by symptoms of sadness and anhedonia that last for at least two weeks (APA, 2013). Many people with depression are quite distressed by their symptoms but are nonetheless able to function in daily activities. Others may be impaired to the extent that they are unable to carry out even the simplest tasks of daily living. In some cases, depression is so severe that those afflicted by it kill themselves. Depression is one of the most…

Choice “E” is the best answer. This patient has nocardiosis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole antibiotic therapy inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting successive steps in the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid. Sulfonamides have long been the first-line antimicrobial therapy for nocardiosis. Among the sulfonamides, sulfadiazine is generally preferred because of its CNS and CSF penetration. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) is considered the therapy of choice by most authorities. Choice “A”…

During a crisis event, the biggest difference in Acute Stress Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is that the ASD is the stress that happens here and now. The disorders can function in two completely different ways but may have the same symptoms. In ASD, one of the difference is that you are diagnosis with ASD within the first month from the traumatic experience. If the symptoms of the traumatic event were to continue beyond that month, the psychotherapist would then assess that the…