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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
RIPPLE EFFECT AND GENERATORS
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Single phase: 100%
3rd phase: 10% HF: 1% |
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WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING METHODS IS USED TO DISIPATE HEAT?
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A LARGE FOCAL SPOT
LARGER DIAMETER ANODE |
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x-ray interactions with matter:
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compton and phtoelectric are inteactions between x-ray and eelctron cloud
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classic scattering
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is when low energy x-ray phtons interact with electron atom
minimal problem |
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redirected photon also called
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scattered photon
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compton interaction:
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: (scatter) comes into patient and is misdirected
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which of the following x-ray interactions with matter reslts in release of signficant secondary radiation
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compton interaction
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what results in complete absorption of x-ray when interacting with matter?
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photoelectric
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compton interaction affects the film by causing what in contrast
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loss of contrast
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within the diagnostic ragne of x-ray energies which interaction predominates as phton erngy inceases?
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decreases
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which interaction predominates as photon energy increases
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compton interaction
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LOW ENERGY OR HIGH ENERGY X-RAYS MORE LIKELY TO INTERACT WITH MATTER
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LOW
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HALF VALUE LAYER
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CHARACTERISTIC OF OBJECT BEING X-RAYED: THIS IS THE DEPTH IN WHCIH X-RAY BEAM CAN PENETRATE BEFORE ITS ENERGY IS REDUCED TO ONE HALF OF ITS ORIGINAL VALUE .
LEAD HAS SMALL hlv MUSCLE HAS LARGE HLV BECAUSE PHOTONS CAN GET TO IT |
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RELATIONSHIP OF ATOMIC NUMBER AND PHOTOELECTRICL INTERACTIONS
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INCREASED ATOMIC NUMBER RESULTS IN INCREASE PROBIBILITY OF PHTOELECTRIC EFFECT
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RELATIONSHIP OF KVP AND HALF VALUE LAYER
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INCREASE KVP RESULTS IN INCREASE HALF VALUE LAYER
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WHAT IS THE LOSS OF X RAY BEAM INTENSITY FROM ABSORPTION AS WELL AS FROM SCATTERING
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ATTENUATION
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less than 40 kvp: = less or more compton
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less comton
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(exposure)for x-ray or gamma ray ionization in air only is
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roentgen
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ejergy deposited by any type of radiation in any material
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is Rad
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biologcial effect cause by any radiation in living organism
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rotengen equivelent mammal (Rem)
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milliamperage (mA) is related to time how?
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inversly proportional"
shorter exposuretime=higer mA |
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three cardinal principles;
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1. time
2. distnace 3. sheilding listed in deceasing and pracial order |
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radiation aand mAs how are they related
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directly related:
twice mAs =twice radiation |
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use of grids increase or decrease dose
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increase dose of patent because so much of the radiation is removed before it reaches film.
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what kind of radiatin does roentgen unit apply
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gamma and x-ray
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RIPPLE EFFECT AND GENERATORS
|
Single phase: 100%
3rd phase: 10% HF: 1% |
|
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING METHODS IS USED TO DISIPATE HEAT?
|
A LARGE FOCAL SPOT
LARGER DIAMETER ANODE |
|
x-ray interactions with matter:
|
compton and phtoelectric are inteactions between x-ray and eelctron cloud
|
|
classic scattering
|
is when low energy x-ray phtons interact with electron atom
minimal problem |
|
redirected photon also called
|
scattered photon
|
|
compton interaction:
|
: (scatter) comes into patient and is misdirected
|
|
which of the following x-ray interactions with matter reslts in release of signficant secondary radiation
|
compton interaction
|
|
what results in complete absorption of x-ray when interacting with matter?
|
photoelectric
|
|
compton interaction affects the film by causing what in contrast
|
loss of contrast
|
|
within the diagnostic ragne of x-ray energies which interaction predominates as phton erngy inceases?
|
decreases
|
|
which interaction predominates as photon energy increases
|
compton interaction
|
|
LOW ENERGY OR HIGH ENERGY X-RAYS MORE LIKELY TO INTERACT WITH MATTER
|
LOW
|
|
HALF VALUE LAYER
|
CHARACTERISTIC OF OBJECT BEING X-RAYED: THIS IS THE DEPTH IN WHCIH X-RAY BEAM CAN PENETRATE BEFORE ITS ENERGY IS REDUCED TO ONE HALF OF ITS ORIGINAL VALUE .
LEAD HAS SMALL hlv MUSCLE HAS LARGE HLV BECAUSE PHOTONS CAN GET TO IT |
|
RELATIONSHIP OF ATOMIC NUMBER AND PHOTOELECTRICL INTERACTIONS
|
INCREASED ATOMIC NUMBER RESULTS IN INCREASE PROBIBILITY OF PHTOELECTRIC EFFECT
|
|
RELATIONSHIP OF KVP AND HALF VALUE LAYER
|
INCREASE KVP RESULTS IN INCREASE HALF VALUE LAYER
|
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most radioluscent
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air
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everything else remaining constant if you increase FFD or move the tube away from the film will your image have more or less penumbra?
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h. You will have less. This is one reason why you shoot chest films at 72”, because you want to have as much detail as possible.
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you increase the object film distance, ( distance between the patient and the film) you get
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magnification
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Focus Cup:
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on the cathode the filaments are inside a little indentation: this focuses the electrons toward the anode.
The purpose of the focusing cup is to direct electrons not photons to the anode |
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filtration is inherent in the tube because of tube made of
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glass
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radiopaque (x-ray cannot get through) water or fat
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water
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purpose of grid:
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decrease amount of scatter
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