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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the muscle bellies of the thenar and hypothenar muscles known as? |
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What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminence? |
Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi |
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Which muscles of the hand does the ulnar n. supply motor output? |
Hypothenar muscles Medial two lumbricals Adductor pollicis Interossei of the hand |
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All the intrinsic muscles of the hand are innervated by the ulnar n. apart from ....... |
Lateral two lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor policis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis |
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Which muscles of the hand does the median n. supply motor output? |
Thenar muscles Lateral two lumbricals |
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What sign is commonly seen in patients with radial n. damage? |
Wrist drop |
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What sign is seen in the hand if the median n. was damaged? |
Muscle wasting in the thenar eminence |
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What sign is commonly seen in patients with ulnar n. damage? |
Ulnar claw |
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How is the blood supply to scaphoid unique and what problems can this cause upon fracture? |
Nutrient arteries only enter through the distal end of the bone ∴ if fx is at the 'waist' of scaphoid, blood supply is cut off to the proximal pole → avascular necrosis |
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What structures form the carpal tunnel? |
Flexor retinaculum (roof) Carpal bones (forming a concavity) |
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What is contained in the carpal tunnel? |
8 tendons of FDS & FDP
The tendon of flexor pollicis longus Median n. |
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Which spinal never root supplies the intrinsic muscles of the hand? |
T1 |
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Why are the lumbricals crucial to finger movement? |
They link the extensor tendons to the flexor tendons |
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Where do the lumbricals originate from? |
Each lumbrical originates from a tendon of flexor digitorum profundus |
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How does the structure of lumbricals I & II differ from III & IV? |
I & II = unipennate III & IV = bipennate (pennate = feather-like) |
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Where are the interossei muscles located? |
Located between the metacarpals |
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How many dorsal and palmar interossei muscles are there?
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3 on the P and 4 on the Dor
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What muscle action do the dorsal interossei produce? |
Abduction remember DAB |
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What muscle action do the palmar interossei produce? |
Adduction remember PAD |
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What do the radial a. and ulnar a. form when they reach the hand? |
Each artery gives off a minor branch which anastomoses with the major branch of the opposite artery to form the superficial (major=ulnar) and deep (major=radial) palmar arch |
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What parts of the hand does the radial a. mainly supply? |
Contributes mainly to supply of the thumb and the lateral side of the index finger |
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What parts of the hand does the ulnar a. mainly supply? |
Contributes mainly to the supply of the medial three digits and the medial side of the index finger |
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What is Allen's test? |
Assesses whether there is adequate or abnormal circulation in the hand via the superficial and palmar arches. |
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What two structures sandwich the superficial palmar arch? |
Deep to the palmar aponeurosis Superficial to the flexor tendons |
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Describe the hand in terms of the area that the ulnar, radial and medial nerves receive sensory input. |
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What tendons create the anatomical snuffbox? |
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What bone can be palpated in the anatomical sunffbox? |
Scaphoid |
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What movement of the thumb is this? |
Abduction |
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What movement of the thumb is this? |
Flexion |
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What is skier's thumb? |
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What muscles lie in the web spaces of the hand? |
Palmar & Dorsal Interossei |
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If you bring your thumb to lie alongside your index finger what muscle forms the bulge next to your thumb and what is this muscle important for? |
1st dorsal interosseus Important for the pincer grip of thumb and index |
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What muscle attaches to the radial styloid? |
Brachioradialis |
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What bony prominence of the radius does EPL skirt around |
Lister's tubercle |
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The flexor retinaculum runs between what structures? |
Pisiform and the tubercle of the scaphoid |
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Which tendon inserts into the pisiform bone? |
FCU |
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What structures lie deep to the tendon of FCU? |
Ulnar n. and a. |
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What lies deep to the tendon of palmaris longus? |
Median n. |
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What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand from lateral to medial? |
All for one and one for all Abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis adductor pollicis opponens digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi abductor digiti minimi |