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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cultivation |
Preparing the land for crops. Producing more crops. |
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Pastoralism |
Nomadic herding of livestock. |
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Peasants |
Grow food for themselves and a small surplus for a local market. |
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Nomadism |
Lifestyle where mobility is a must for finding resources. |
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Generalized Reciprocity |
Sharing. Works with hunters and gatherers because they are likely related. |
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Negative Reciprocity |
Bartering to gain as much as you can while giving as little as possible. |
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Social Distance |
Distance between groups in a society. |
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Redistribution |
Distributing wealth by social means of taxes, welfare, etc. |
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Tribute |
Wealth given to a party as a sign of respect. |
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Limited-Purpose Money |
Money that can only be used for certain purposes. |
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Consanguines |
Having a common ancestor. |
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Affines |
Relative by marriage. |
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Kin Group |
Group of people connected by blood or marriage relations. |
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Nuclear Family |
Parents and their children. |
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Extended Family |
Group of nuclear families that are related. |
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Fictive Kinship |
Being part of a family even though there is no relation by blood or marriage. |
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Exogamous Rules |
Outmarriage rules. Governed by the incest taboo. |
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Endogamous Rules |
Inmarriage rules. EX: 4 Castes in India. Must marry within your Caste. |
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Monogamy |
Marriage between two people. |
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Polygyny |
Marriage of one man to two or more women. |
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Polyandry |
Marriage of one woman to two or more men. |
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Group Marriage |
Marriage of two or more men to two or more women. |
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Marriage Alliances |
Marriage is a form of communication and alliance between people. |
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Bridewealth |
Men must pay woman's family in order to marry her. |
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Brideservice |
Men must hunt with woman's father and brothers for a time in order to marry her, instead of a payment. |
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Dowry |
Women's family must pay man's family in order to marry him. |
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Postmarital Residence Patterns |
Where the married couple lives after marriage.
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Patrilocal Residence |
Couple moves in with the family of the husband after marriage. |
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Matrilocal Residence |
Couple moves in with the family of the wife after marriage. |
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Neolocal Residence |
Couple lives together. |
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Avunculocal Residence |
Live with the husband's uncle after marriage. |
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Patrilineal Descent |
Everything is passed down through the males in a culture. |
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Matrilineal Descent
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Everything is passed down through the females in a culture.
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Lineage |
Group of extended families. |
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Clan |
Group of lineages. |
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Nonunilineal Descent |
Descent can go through a combination of male and females. |
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Kinship Terminology |
What people in a culture call the members of their extended family and what they mean to them. |
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Eskimo Terminology |
What we have in the US: Made up of aunts, uncles, and cousins. |
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Hawaiian Terminology |
Aunts and uncles are known as mother and fathers. Cousins known as brothers and sisters. |
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Iroquois Terminology |
Mother's and father's siblings of the same gender are known as your mother and father. Their children are your brothers and sisters. Opposite genders are your aunts and uncles. |
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Omaha Terminology |
Parent’s siblings of opposite gender are treated very differently. Mother’s brother is your uncle, his son,grandsons, etc. are also your uncle. |
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Rite of Passage |
Ritual to mark transition from one stage of life to the next. |