World Religions Chapter 4 Buddhism

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anatman

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literally, "no atman"; Buddhist teaching that human have "no permanents self or soul"

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anicca

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Pali for "impermanence"; Buddhist concept that all reality is constantly changing and without any permanence

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arhant

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Theravada Buddhist term for someone who has followed the teachings of the Buddha and attained enlightenment

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Ashoka

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was an Indian emperor, of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled from 273 BC to 232 BC. Often cited as one of India's greatest emperors, he reigned over most of present-day India after a number of military conquests

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bodhi

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Sanskrit for "a being intended for enlightenment." In Buddhism, the tree under which Siddartha Gautama experienced enlightenment is alled the _________ tree.

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dhama

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Pali term that describes the Buddha's teaching, followed by all who seek to lead a Buddhist lifestyle

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dukkha

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Pali for "suffering".

According to Buddhist belief, suffering caused by craving is the condition from which humans need to be liberated

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Four Noble Truths

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the basic teaching of Buddhism, expressed by Siddartha Gautama in his Deer Park Sermon:
1.life is painful
2.the cause of this suffering is desire
3.there is a way to overcome this suffering
4. the way is the eightfold path

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Four Passing Sights

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1.old man
2.sick man
3.dead man
4.monk

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nirvana

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the state of bliss that comes when desire and attachment are overcome

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Pali Canon

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the Theravada Buddhist scripture, consisting of the Tripitaka "three baskets": the baskets of disciplinary regulations, discourses, and higher philosophy

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parinirvana

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is the final nirvana, usually understood to be within reach only upon the death of the body of someone who has attained complete awakening

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Mahayana Buddhism

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literally, "large raft"; used to refer to one of the branches of Buddhism, dominant in East Asia and Vietnam. So named because of the belief that its teachings provide a "large raft" to carry people across the river of rebirth to liberation

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Maitreya

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the next Buddha to appear, who will lead many followers to liberation

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sangha

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the Buddhist order of monks and nuns

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Siddartha Gautama

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founder of Buddhism

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skandhas

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the five "aggregates" which categorize or constitute all individual experience

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stupas

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a type of Buddhist mound-like structure

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sutras

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collections of aphorisms, sayings.

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Theravada Buddhism

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literally, "way of the elders"; surviving school of one of the branches of Buddhism, found in Southeast Asia