Women's History Final Exam

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"Silent Spring"

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Book written by Rachel Carson and published in September 1962 in response to pesticide effects on birds. This book is credited with triggering the environmental revolution.

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Lyn Childs

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Black woman from the Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter; built a boat and watched it get put in the water

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"IT"

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Silent film released in 1927 starring Clara Bow as the epitome of sex appeal. "It" is a sexual magnetism that appeals to both genders.

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Montgomery Bus Boycott

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December 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up seat on bus to white person; NAACP had been planning the boycott and Parks was volunteered. Bus service was losing money--boycotted 381 days. Gave MLK national prominence and proved successfulness of nonviolent demonstration.

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SNCC

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Started by Ella Baker who had been a member of SCLC but thought that there needed to be a more direct way for students to participate. Thought NAACP and SCLC were too elitist; students got down to grassroots level.

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Companionate Marriage

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Marriage where spouses have similar interests in career, children, etc. They believe in the equality of men and women and believe their roles in the household are interchangeable.

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Tante Rosie

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Teaches an apprentice about "rootworking" in the Revenge of Hannah Kemhuff. Keeps files on black people who may come to her for potions.

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"The Living is Easy"

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Book written in 1948 by Dorothy West set in early 1900s. Cleo has race denial and wants to have status in Boston. Beautiful heroine who uses her charm to manipulate her daughter Judy and husband Bart, among others. Cleo marries Bart for social standing and is unhappy because Judy is born with darker skin and less attractive. Racial denial and class elitism.

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Zora Neale Hurston

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Writer associated with the Harlem Renaissance; wrote "Their Eyes were Watching God" in 1937. The book was critically acclaimed as quintessential to african american and women's literature.

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HUAC

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House Un-American Activities Committee; 1947 Red Scare began investigating Hollywood Motion Picture industry. Also investigated Women's Activism organization for having communist ties.

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Mary McLeod Bethune

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Born 1875, worked to educate former slaves and started her own school. Petitioned President Roosevelt to pass an anti-lynching bill.
Member of Roosevelt's Black Cabinet. FL Chapter President of NACW. Founded National Council of Negro Women.

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"Sexual Politics"

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Feminist text written by Kate Millett in 1970. A touchstone for the second wave of feminism.
Looks at the role that patriarchy plays in sexual relations and says that gender is underconsidered in politics.

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Griswold v. Conn

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1965 Supreme Court Case that protected right to privacy. A CT law had previously said that women couldn't use contraceptives, but this said that that law violated the right to marriage privacy.

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NLRB

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National Labor Relations Board founded in 1935 through passage of the Wagner Act. Prevents private sector employers and USPS workers from joining unions.

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Roe V. Wade

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1973 Supreme Court Case that determined laws which outlawed abortion were unconstitutional.

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Monica Sone

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Born 1919 Japanese American novelist who wrote Nisei Daughter about Japanese experience in Seattle in 1920s and 30s. Also about internment camps. Important text in Asian American Courses.

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CIO

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Congress of Industrial Organizations. 1932 proposed by John Lewis. Federation of Industrial unions. Younger, more radical, and more aggressive than the AFL. Open to African Americans.

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Frances Perkins

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Massachusetts native, US Secretary of Labor and first women ever appointed to the US Cabinet. She also helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal, focusing on factory investigations, reduced workweek for women to 48 hours and fought for minimum wage and unemployment insurance laws.

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EEOC

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"Equal Employment Opportunity Commision" federal agency tasked with ending employment discrimination. Signed by President Kennedy after the passing of the Civil Rights Act, and includes the Equal Pay Act, Age discrimination Act, and Rehabilitation Act.

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Lavender Menace

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phrase coined by Betty Fridan, President of National Organization for Women. Later the name of a group of radical feminists who were part of gay rights groups, encouraging others to discuss lesbian issues, sexism, and homophobia.

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WPA

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"works progress administration" largest New Deal agency, employing millions especailly in rural and western populations. Provided jobs and income during the Great Depression, and built public buildings and roads.

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Women's Emergency Brigade

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Strike organized by female General Motors workers between 1936 and 1937, women put themselves and families on the line.

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Levittown

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Built in 1951 by William Levitt; Postwar American Suburb, American Dream. Mass produced simple homes that only cost $100 for downpayment. Bill and Daisy Meyers were the only black couple to buy a house in Levittown and they were attacked.

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Betty Goldstein

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also known as Betty Friedan (married name), author of Feminine Mystique which launched the feminist movement.

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Lantham Act

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Passed in 1943 to provide federal matching funds for WWII child care centers

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Ella Baker

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Believed in group organization and not having one leader. This appealed to students and women. Involved with NAACP, SCLC, and SNCC. Organized students when she founded SNCC.

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Feminine Mystique

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Best selling book written by Betty Friedan in 1963. Challenged popular belief that women could only find fulfillment through childbearing and homemaking. Launched feminist movemen

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Title VII

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of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that bars employers from discriminating against any person with respect to their compensation, etc, based on the persons race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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NOW

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"national organization for women" largest American feminist organization founded in 1966. Worked to promote equal rights and end sex discrimination.

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The Four Freedoms

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goals of President Roosevelt delivered to Congress in the State of the Union Address. Freedom of speech, religion, from want, and from fear are four points humans everywhere in the world ought to enjoy.

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Clara Bow

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The It girl, epitome of a flapper who was sexually appealing to both men and women.

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Clara

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Prostitute in "The Girl" by Meridel LeSeur receives electric shock treatments instead of food, shelter, nourishment

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Fanny Lou Hame

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believed there should be black delegates so she created Mississippi freedom delegation in 1964 which would provide representation for the high percentage of black Americans

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Pauli Murray

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said people were not only effected by Jim Crow but also Jane Crow; meaning blacks and women were being targeted.