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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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evolution
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a heritable change in the characteristics within a population from one generation to the next; the development of new types of organisms from preexisting types of organisms over time
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strata
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layers of rock
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natural selection
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the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do
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adaptation
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the process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral trait that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
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fitness
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in evolutionary theory, a measure of an individual's hereditary contribution to the next generation
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fossil
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the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock
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superposition
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a principle that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed
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relative age
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the age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects
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absolute age
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the numeric age of an object or event often stated in years before the present, as established by an absolute-dating process, such as radiometric dating
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biogeography
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the study of the geographical distribution of living organisms and fossils on Earth
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