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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Chesapeake Affair 1807
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US naval vessel (USS Chesapeake) leaving Norfolk VA is stopped by a British vessel to search for British deserters
- Captain of US vessel refuses to be searched and the BT open fire - US surrenders & BT take 3BT subjects & 1 US citizen - Public is outraged - Jefferson asked for an end to impressments or he'll put economic pressure on the BT. -BT refuse to end impressments |
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Embargo Act of 1807
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- No US goods or US ships can leave a US port for a foreign port
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Purpose of embargo act of 1807?
What are some problems with this act? Success or failure? |
Gain of concessions from Britain and France because they will be hurt by the loss of the trade with the US
- Smuggling, & US economics suffer - embargo is a failure. British aren't hurt but the American economy suffers - Jefferson is seen as a hypocrite - feds are angry Repealed in 1809 |
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What is an embargo?
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A government restriction or restraint on commerce, esp an order that prohibits trade in a given commodity or with a particular nation
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Elections of 1808
Who won? |
Republicans
James Madison (VA) & George Clinton (NY) |
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Who were the Warhawks and what did they believe?
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Warhawks were groups of politicians who pressed others to declare war
Major Warhawks were: - Henry Clay & John C. Calhoun |
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What problems occured in the west around 1811?
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conflict btwn settlers & native americans in southern indiana
- Tecumseh & the Prophet (unifcation & religion) - William Henry Harrison (GV or indiana territory) - Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)- where Harrison destroys the Prophet's Town and Americans blame the British |
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What were the 4 main causes of the war of 1812?
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1) Impressements- impressing American citizens & sailors into the BT naval services
2) Violation of comercial rights 3) Problems in the West 4) Violation of independence |
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What were some US military failures of the US in the war of 1812?
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- war is a series of military disasters for US
- british & Tecumseh take Detroit - British Navy= 600 ships, & US navy= 16 ships - The USS Chesapeake- in 1812 are in Boston & many British ships are close to port, one on one naval battle with another British ship but gets pounded and has to surrender (Don't give up the ship) - US has to rely on state militias to fight |
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Why did the Federalists oppose the War of 1812?
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- Feds are pro british
- feel we should help with British fight war with france - british are defenders of civilization - war hurts commerce & shipping for new england |
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what were the results of the election of 1812?
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Republicans James Madison & Elbridge Gerry win.
- Though the reps win presidency more electoral votes went to the Feds since the last election! |
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What was the Hartford Convention in 1814?
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Meeting of Feds in Hartford CT
- wants to ammend constitution to protect Fed interest - A decleration of war would have to take a 2/3 vote & embargos can only last 60 days - Ammendments fail in Washingto because US catches some huge breaks in the War |
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What were some british Offensives in 1814 during the War of 1812?
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Strategy was 3 proged attack
1) invade from Canada & cut New england off from the US. - Fails: At Lake Champlain- build war ships on both sides & US by chance win the naval battle there. Stops british from the north 2) Capture and burn down DC- but it doesn't really stop or hurt US 3) capture New Orleans & control the Mississippi River - Gen Andrew Jackson- army & milita & roundly defeat British. |
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What were the Results of the War of 1812 (3)?
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1) Treaty of Ghent- "status Quo antebellum"- officially neither side wins or loses- US truly gains the 2nd war of indpendence
2) Battle of New Orleans- beat the best British had to offer, large BT causalities, America had a high sense of nationalism 3) Death of the Fed Party- caused by the victory of the War of 1812 |
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What were the 4 types of Nationalism?
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1) Economic Nationalism
2) Political Nationalism 3) Judicial Nationalism 4) Diplomatic Nationalism |
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Economic Nationalism of US?
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- Growth in the US (pop boom & addition of states)
- market rev (market economy & larger farms) - Transportation rev (Canals, steamboats, railroads) - Industrial rev- (iron production, cotton gin, interchangable parts) |
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What was the famous canal made in US?
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Erie Canal in NY state- connected the Hudson river in NY & Lake Erie (385 mi?)
- effect: drops the price of transporting goods to the northern states) |
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What are interchangable parts?
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helped with factories, most importance came in manufacturing weapons
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What did the economic nationalism change about the Rep. views?
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- Reps changed in promoting industry
- favored tariffs & national bank -Tariff of 1816 - 2nd bank of US |
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What was the purpose of the tarriff of 1816?
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was the 1st protective tariff which placed higher prices on incoming goods to protect competition with US products
- Was believed that it is good for the entire nation- even if it benefits the north more. |
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What was the 2nd bank of the US?
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1st bank was only chartered for 20yrs, not renewed. Proliferation of State banks which leads to financial chaos. Reps therefore favor a national bank. They create the 2nd bank which will last again for only 20yrs.
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What is the American System?
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proposed by Henry Clay
- American system (Tariff, Bank, internal improvements) - Bank funds internal improvements - Internetal improvements carry raw materials to industries that are protected by the tariff. - name? because it helps the entire nation, doing what is best for the people! |
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What did Political Nationalism do for the US?
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James Monroe (election of 1816)- unanimously elected 2nd time round
- Era of Good feelings- no opposition party and high sense of nationalism, period of unification |
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Judicial Nationalism?
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- John Marshall- supreme court chief justice (strengthen national gov, power of national gov is strengthened)
- McCulloch Vs. Maryland (1819) |
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What was the McCulloch vs. Maryland case about?
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- 2nd bank of the US incorporated in 1816
- Maryland didn't agree with the 2nd bank, they prefer their state bank - State leg. declares 2nd bank unconstitutional using compact theory of gov. - (MD puts high tax on 2nd bank of US, McCulloch who was the treasurer of the 2nd bank in MD doesn't pay tax) - Marshall's decision- MD cannot decide constitutionality of the constitution & bank, rejects compact theory of gov, 2nd bank is constitutional because of implied powers. |