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493 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Continuity |
Having something the same or unified |
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Inovation |
Being able to create new things |
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Diversity |
Having a lot of different kinds of people |
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What philosophical tradition helped to guide, unite and provide order to china? |
Confucianism People didn’t ask why just listened |
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Imperial bureaucracy |
Appointed officials that enforce/carry out the law. Provide stability because people were being punished for breaking the rules. |
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How did Civil service exam help create meritocracy? |
Allowed people who were smart but poor to be able to get government jobs. |
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Grand canal |
Linked the yellow and Yangtze River. Allowed easer transportation and increase in trade. Inexpensive. |
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Describe agricultural production in china. |
Had champa rice which is quick maturing, drought resistant, and two harvests (summer and fall) were able to grow the rice on sides of hills using terraces which allowed them more land for farming. they flooded them. Which is a place you can’t normally farm. |
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What advantages did Chinese producers have? |
Coal, which allowed them to produce a LARGE amount of iron. |
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Proto-industrialization |
When people are able to make more than they can sell |
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What role did artisans play in the Chinese economy? |
Artisan we’re able to produce seal and other products in widely diverse smelting facilities, so iron became more widely available. |
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What role did artisans play in the Chinese economy? |
Artisan we’re able to produce steal and other products in widely diverse smelting facilities, so iron became more widely available. |
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Describe the tribute system in China. |
The tribute system was where states had to give money or goods, as a way to honor the emperor, which helped stimulate trade. |
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What is the social structure/hierarchy in China? |
1. Emperor 2. Scholar Gentrey (land owner) 3. Farmers/artisan/merchants 4. Peasants |
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How were women valued in China? How compared to Muslim women around the Mediterranean? |
Confusion traditions included both respect for women, and the expectation that they would defer to men. Want to stick distinctive constraint on women’s activities in China was the practice of foot binding which became common among aristocratic families during the song dynasty. It was a sign of status. Muslims also didn’t value women very much. |
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What are the different forms of Buddhism in China? |
Theravada - focused on spiritual growth through silent meditation and self-discipline Mahayana - focuses on spiritual growth for all beings Tibetan - chanting |
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Why is Buddhism considered a syncretic religion in China? |
It fuses Buddhist doctrines with daoist traditions. |
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When and where did Chinese civilization begin? |
It began in the yellow River Valley 7000 years ago. |
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What was the first dynasty? |
Shang Dynasty |
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When and where did Chinese civilization begin? |
It began in the yellow River Valley 7000 years ago. |
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What was the first dynasty? |
Shang Dynasty |
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What is a dynasty? |
A ruling family |
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When and where did Chinese civilization begin? |
It began in the yellow River Valley 7000 years ago. |
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What was the first dynasty? |
Shang Dynasty |
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What is a dynasty? |
A ruling family |
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What agricultural product are Chinese fond of? |
Rice |
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Where did agriculture spreed but effect do you think this have on Chinese civilization? |
Agriculture spread to the Huang He Valley. it probably allowed to type their civilization to grow. |
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What crafts were the Chinese known for? |
Bronze objects decorative as well as tools and weapons. |
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How did Chinese writing develop? |
Chinese writing developed during the Shang dynasty the characters represented ideas not sound everyone use the same one so they could communicate. |
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How did Chinese writing develop? |
Chinese writing developed during the Shang dynasty the characters represented ideas not sound everyone use the same one so they could communicate. |
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How were the Zhou and Qin different? |
The Zhou Dynasty had a hard time, controlling their territory, while the Chien dynasty was able to establish China’s first unified empire. |
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How did Chinese writing develop? |
Chinese writing developed during the Shang dynasty the characters represented ideas not sound everyone use the same one so they could communicate. |
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How were the Zhou and Qin different? |
The Zhou Dynasty had a hard time, controlling their territory, while the Chien dynasty was able to establish China’s first unified empire. |
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What were the Qin known for? |
The Qin were known for starting China’s first strong, centralized government, and for having high taxes and harsh laws. |
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How did Chinese writing develop? |
Chinese writing developed during the Shang dynasty the characters represented ideas not sound everyone use the same one so they could communicate. |
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How were the Zhou and Qin different? |
The Zhou Dynasty had a hard time, controlling their territory, while the Chien dynasty was able to establish China’s first unified empire. |
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What were the Qin known for? |
The Qin were known for starting China’s first strong, centralized government, and for having high taxes and harsh laws. |
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Why was the Great Wall built? |
The Great Wall was built to keep out barbarian invaders. |
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What factors contribute to the Han dynasty being considered the “golden age of classical China”? |
They opened it China to trade with foreigners. |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Confucianism |
A ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Confucianism |
A ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. |
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Filial piety |
Care for your parents and then hopefully the emperor. Confucianism concept. |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Confucianism |
A ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. |
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Filial piety |
Care for your parents and then hopefully the emperor. Confucianism concept. |
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Daoism |
Living in harmony with nature |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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Legalism |
People will want to break laws if you don’t give harsh punishments. |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Confucianism |
A ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. |
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Filial piety |
Care for your parents and then hopefully the emperor. Confucianism concept. |
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Daoism |
Living in harmony with nature |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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Legalism |
People will want to break laws if you don’t give harsh punishments. |
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Bureaucracy |
Government were most important decisions are made by state, state officials, rather than elected representatives. Basically, it’s run by people who pass the civil service exam, not a popularity contest. |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Confucianism |
A ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. |
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Filial piety |
Care for your parents and then hopefully the emperor. Confucianism concept. |
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Daoism |
Living in harmony with nature |
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List, the political, social and economic characteristics of classical China. |
Political - Han empire gives up throne in 2.20 A.D Social - Han dynasty creates Silk Road Economic - Han dynasty builds the economy |
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Legalism |
People will want to break laws if you don’t give harsh punishments. |
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Bureaucracy |
Government were most important decisions are made by state, state officials, rather than elected representatives. Basically, it’s run by people who pass the civil service exam, not a popularity contest. |
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Imperial bureaucracy |
Appointed officials, enforce/carry out the policies of an Empire. |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Confucianism |
A ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. |
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Filial piety |
Care for your parents and then hopefully the emperor. Confucianism concept. |
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Daoism |
Living in harmony with nature |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good farming land |
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Imperial bureaucracy |
Appointed officials, enforce/carry out the policies of an Empire. |
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Civil cervical exam versus gao cow exam |
The civil Service exam is an exam that test peoples applying for specific civil service jobs while the gao cow exam is a standardized test for college entrance. |
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What allowed the Tang and Song dynasties to prosper and maintain wealth? |
Trade along the silk road was flourishing when they were in power. |
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Why might their neighbors have wanted to conquer these dynasties? |
They have good fine land |
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What types of products were the Tang known for? |
Horse sculptures |
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Although the borders of China shrank allowed the population to grow during the Tang and Song eras. |
farming advances |
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What is the population of China today? What does it say about the organization of their government and strength that culture? |
The Chinese population today is 1.4 billion this shows that the organization of government and strength of the culture are strong. |
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Philosophical tradition |
I believe principle or way of acting that people in a society or group have continued to follow for a long time. |
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Bureaucracy |
Government were most important decisions are made by state, state officials, rather than elected representatives. |
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Filial piety |
Care for your parents and then hopefully the emperor. Confucianism concept. |
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Daoism |
Living in harmony with nature |
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Meritocracy |
Government or holding of power by people selected based on their ability. |
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Neo Confucianists |
Ethics rather than the mystery of God and nature. |
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Islam |
Means “submission to the will of God” Started in Mecca, and spread to Saudi Arabia. Its monotheistic. |
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When did people begin to settle in the Indus Valley? how did the settlement mark a change in lifestyle? |
They began to settle in South Asia about 6000 years ago. This caused farming and herding communities to develop. |
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Who were the Aryans? Where are they from? |
They were a large group of nomads who migrated to the end they helped form Hinduism. |
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Where is India located in to China? Where is it located on the Silk Road? |
It is in the middle of the silk road (centrally located). It’s to the west of China. |
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What features of mohenjo-Daro I similar to those in our society today? |
They have straight streets, public buildings and meeting places, as well as two-story houses and bathrooms. (Planed city’s) |
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What form of government was the most common in India during the classical period? |
Hinduism |
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Who is responsible for the beginning the teachings of Buddhism? |
Siddhurtha Gautama |
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What was the goal of Buddhism? |
To end suffering |
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What Indian emperor was responsible for assisting in the spread of Buddhism? |
Ashoka |
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Which dynasty was responsible for the spread of Buddhism? |
The Maurays |
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Patriarchy |
Society government, where father, or oldest male is head of family, men hold power, and women are excluded from it. |
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How did the Gupta treat Buddhist? |
They tolerated and spread the religion. |
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What caused the father of the Gupta Empire? |
Hun invasions |
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What do Islam Christianity and Judaism have in common? |
They are monotheistic |
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How did Islam spread? |
Through military conquest |
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How was the latest spread of Islam different from the early spread of Islam? |
They later spread through trade |
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What is the holy book of Islam called? |
The Quran |
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What is the hajj? Why is it significant to the spread of Muslim culture? |
It’s where Muslims travel to Mecca to pray it gives people incentive to travel and tell others about their religion. |
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What are the core areas of civilization? Why do you think they’re called core? |
China, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, South, Asia and Europe, they’re places that other civilizations branch off of. |
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Whos influence waned as civilizations became more centralized, specialized, and advanced. |
Influence of nomadic societies, began to wane by the 15th centuries |
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Describe the advancements of China |
The song dynasty continued along. Of technical, logical and cultural progress. |
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Mandate of Heaven |
There can only be one legitimate ruler of China. At a time this ruler had the blessing of the gods. If a ruler did not have a blessing of the gods, there would be lots of natural disasters. Use this as an excuse to overthrow the Shang dynasty. |
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Describe the advancements of Muslim Middle East |
Fragmented by invaders and shifts in trade. new Muslim states rose in Africa, middle east and Spain |
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Describe the advancements of sub Saharan Africa |
Rulers of Mali created an empire that was bigger and more centrally administrated than Ghana. |
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Describe the advancements of the Americas |
Aztec formed a tributary system while the inca used the mita system |
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Describe the advancements of Europe |
Europes futile ties decreased in importance as centralized states developed |
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Describe the advancements of Japan |
They became more decentralized and feudal |
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Why was religion significant to the centralization of states? |
Unified diverse population and strengthened political control |
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How did Confucian beliefs impact the bureaucracy of China? |
It made sure that people who were elected as state officials were smart and capable. |
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How did the church become arrival for European governments between 12,000 and 1450? |
They both had high amounts of power. |
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What role did Champa Rice play in making Asian civilization More advanced? |
The Champa rice was able to grow in both winter and summer, so they didn’t have to worry about food, which allowed them to specialize in certain jobs. |
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How did the spread of papermaking change societies along the silk Road? |
Led to an increase in literary rates across Europe, Middle East and north Africa, which then led to advances in medicine and mathematics, especially in Islamic centers of learning. |
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Cultural diffusion |
Knowledge, innovation, language, or cultural characteristics are spread within, or between cultures or communities. |
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Why do you think that European countries were less organized and centralized than those in China the Middle East and sub Saharan Africa at this time? |
They were using the feudal system |
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What role did pneumatic people play in the process of state building between 1200 and 1450? |
They allowed trade to expand |
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What did the Mongols have? What did the turks have and what did they both have in common? |
The mangoes built empire as coordinated campaign by unifying Mongol clans. They both were located in central Asia. Turks built separate empires. |
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How and where was patriarchy changing during this period? |
Huh |
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Syncretism |
The combining of different religions, cultures, or ideas (schools of thought) |
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Seminal |
Strongly, influencing later developments (Hinduism influenced Buddhism) |
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Buddhism |
Spread from India to China, Japan, central Asia, Nepal, Tibet, Burma, cylon which is a example of cultural diffusion can be both defined as polytheistic or monotheistic. |
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Religions followers highest lowest. |
Christianity - 2.83 billion Islam - 8 billion Hinduism - 1.2 billion Buddhism - 500 million Judaism - 1.4 billion |
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Hinduism |
Polytheistic religion that originates from India. Believes in reincarnation into a higher lower class depending on how well you do in this life. |
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What is Indias government like? |
Decentralized government, Hinduism unites it |
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Neo Confucianists |
Ethics rather than the mystery of God and nature. |
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Theocracy |
When religion and government are one |
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Bedouin |
A nomadic Arab of desert |
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Caliphate |
The office of political leader of Islam, community or state, particularly during the period of 632 to 1258 |
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Empire |
An extensive group of of states or countries under a single supreme authority |
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Iban battuta |
A Muslim traveler and author also a scholar and explorer, who traveled throughout the Muslim world |
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What happens when places are conquered by another religion? |
People will lose faith in their gods or god and convert, because the other sides gods are stronger |
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Mohammed |
Is a profit founder of Islam and proclaimer of the Quran he was important to Muslims because he was a chosen recipient and messenger of the word of God through divine revelations |
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The two sects of Islam |
Sunni - is the larger and believes the prophet did not explicitly disclose as successor Shia - believes the profit, publicly designated his cousins and son-in-law to lead after him |
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Umma |
A whole community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion |
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What are the five pillars of Islam? |
Salat - prayer (Muslims pray five times a day) Zakat - the rich give to the poor Sawm - fasting during the month of Ramadan no food drink or smoking Hajj - traveling to Mecca to pray Shahada - “ there is no God and Muhammad is the messenger of God” |
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Islam |
Means “submission to the will of God” Started in Mecca, and spread to Saudi Arabia. Its monotheistic. |
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Where did Islam spread? |
To Africa through trade, this is in an example of cultural diffusion |
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When did syncretism occur in Islam and Africa? |
Islam was blended with traditional African religion which gave women more power |
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Mansa, Musa |
One of the richest men in the world he was Muslim we know this because he went on the hajj he spent so much money on his scrimmage that he started inflation |
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Dhow |
Traditional sailboat, mainly used by Muslims |
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Lateen sail |
Triangular sails used on shows they brought trade and ideas to Islam (cultural diffusion) |
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Who has more power in Islam men or women? |
Men (patriarchy) |
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What key scale did Bantu speaking tribes take across Africa? |
Agriculture |
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How are the governments of subs in Africa different from those in China or the Middle East? |
They did not centralize power formed kin base networks families, govern themselves, had chiefs whom mandated complex and dealt with neighboring groups, chiefs divided to solve its tribes problems |
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Where is the Swahili Coast? What is an mixture of? |
It’s located in east Africa and a mixture of Arabic and Bantu |
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How and when did Islam cross the Sahara desert? |
In the 14th century missionaries, introduced Islam to their region |
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When did people begin to settle in the Indus Valley? how did the settlement mark a change in lifestyle? |
They began to settle in South Asia about 6000 years ago. This caused farming and herding communities to develop. |
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What benefit did increase trade have on the kingdoms of sub Saharan Africa? |
Exchange of goods brought them wealth, political power, and cultural diversity |
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What goods were Muslim merchants interested in in the trans Saharan trade network? |
Gold artifacts |
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Who was Sundiata? Why was he significant? |
He was Molly’s founding ruler. Mansa Musa was his replacement through connections with faith. He established trade relations with North African and Arab merchants. |
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What was Zimbabwe? |
And east African kingdom, which had expensive architecture |
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What civilizations traded on the Indian Ocean trade network? |
Zimbabwe East Africa, Middle East south Asia and east Asia |
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What are some notable characteristics of social structures and sub Saharan Africa? |
Small communities were organized around kinship age and gender |
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What groups of people were most often enslaved |
People who were conquered, prisoners of war and criminals |
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What’s the difference between chattel and domestic slavery? |
Chattel slavery was permanent they were seen as legal property had no rights. Wow domestic slavery were people who served as cooks, cleaners and other household workers. They had some rights. |
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What are some of the cultural traditions present in Africa? |
Playing music telling stories, funerals weddings, and creating visual arts |
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What is a griot? Why were they venerated? |
Agree is a strike. Tell her who keeps history remembered they were respected, because they held power of language and story. |
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Who were the Aryans? Where are they from? |
They were a large group of nomads who migrated to the end they helped form Hinduism. |
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What people of West Africa spread agriculture through much of the sub Sahara? |
Bantu People of Western Africa spread east and south |
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What innovations did Bantu spread? |
Ironworking and hurting across Central and southern Africa. They were also known for iron crops (plantains which provided a yearly supply of food) and pastorisum which is moving heards to Fresh grazing land |
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How are political units organized in sub-Saharan in Africa at this time how is that different than other regions that we have studied? |
Has no states or boundaries wasn’t organized under one king (stateless society) |
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What religion was most common along the river after 330 CE |
Christianity |
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Describe what factors may have allowed Christianity to spread the Nile river |
Trade |
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When did Muslim warriors begin to expand their influence around the Mediterranean |
In 639 |
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What what academic influence did Muslim scholars have on western European thought |
Mathematics, science and philosophy also certain words which were adopted |
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Who were Muslims competing against for power in Africa, Europe and the near east |
Other Muslims, Christians, crusaders, and the Byzantines |
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Where did even Batuta travel during his lifetime? Why do you think he was able to travel widely? |
He visited almost every Islamic country. Also a few non-Islamic countries he marries into a ruling family. |
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What brought Ghana into power along the south Sahara trading net work? |
Trading salt and gold |
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Where is India located in to China? Where is it located on the Silk Road? |
It is in the middle of the silk road (centrally located). It’s to the west of China. |
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Why was salt difficult to come by in West Africa? |
Because of humidity |
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Who replaced Molly as the most powerful empire in West Africa? |
Mansa musa |
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What does the development of the empires in West Africa say about their political and economic development? |
They were high |
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What strengthened the African states why do you think so? |
Trade because it length the economies of Africa, Asia and Europe |
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Swahili was a combination of what cultures |
Arab and Bantu |
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What happened to the small agricultural village that developed earlier in sub Saharan Africa? |
They grew into states |
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What was the great Zimbabwe way? |
It was a trade center and capital |
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What goods did African merchants trade with Islamic global trading network? |
Gold salt and ivory |
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Chief |
A leader, ruler of a people or clan |
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When did the middle ages begin? What caused this trend? |
The middle ages began when the Roman Empire declined in power in the 5th/6th centuries trade declined intellectual life reclined, and the United Roman state was replaced by smaller kingdoms that frequently fought for control |
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What features of mohenjo-Daro I similar to those in our society today? |
They have straight streets, public buildings and meeting places, as well as two-story houses and bathrooms. (Planed city’s) |
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Define feudalism |
Decentralized, political organization, based on systems of exchange for loyalty |
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How did the system benefit Lords in the middle ages |
They got feifs from kings |
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How did knights benefit from feudalism |
Lords provided the knights land |
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How did the peasants benefit from feudalism? |
They got land and protection |
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What was the three field system. Why would this have a positive impact on the population? |
Crops were rotated through three fields. The soil stayed rich so they can have more food and population can increase. |
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What other factors contributed to the greater agriculture production? |
Windmills new types of plows made out of heavy metals |
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Which were the first two countries to develop modern states and governments in Europe |
Europe and France |
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Clergy |
People who work for church |
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Nobility |
Have their own land |
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In the fight between the crown, and the pop see who is actually fighting |
Church and state |
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What form of government was the most common in India during the classical period? |
Hinduism |
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What was the Magna Carta |
A agreement where King Jong was forced to sign to limit his/government power |
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Who is represented by the first English part of element |
The elite |
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What were the major outcomes of the hundred years war? |
Made English and French separate |
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For exactly how many years was Spain under Muslim control |
Eight century to 1492 |
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What was the great schism? |
When Cristian church divided into two branches |
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What are differences and similarities between the Roman Catholic and orthodox Christian churches |
Roman Catholic - pope is greater than the king started in Europe speak, Latin dominated in religious ages, believes in purgatory restricts kids of certain ages Both - Christians, Greek/Romans believe Jesus is son of God Eastern Orthodox - speak Greek king is greater than the pope children of all ages |
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How did religion affect education, and art in Europe |
Church established universities. Most philosophers, writers and thinkers were religious leaders. |
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How did religion affect church and state in Europe? |
If the Lord displayed the church, they could pressure him which means they had a high amount of power |
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How did religion affect monasticism in Europe |
Woman were permitted to become nuns and expand influence to other places |
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How was reform affected by religion in Europe? |
Criticism of church, authority and traditions led to protest reformation that would end the religious unity of Europe and lead to death devastating war between Catholics and Protestants |
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Who is responsible for the beginning the teachings of Buddhism? |
Siddhurtha Gautama |
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What were the crusades? |
Fight to reclaim holy land series of European military campaigns in the Middle East between 1095 to 12,000 |
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What was the significance of the first crusade? |
It was the only one with the clear victory for Christians |
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What was the significance of the fourth crusade |
Tried to make money, but the king died before they could give the money. They never ended up going to the holy land or gaining control Jerusalem. |
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Why is Marco Polo significant to the history of Western Europe? |
He was able to tell Weston European stories about places and caused Asia to be of high interest |
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How did society in Europe change has result of the increase of trade and wealth of the 13th century |
Change the social pyramid, middle-class group |
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Why do you think that Jews were blamed for the problems in Europe, including food, shortages and plague |
Thought of as outsiders and untrustworthy |
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What did the people of Europe and governments due to Muslims during this period |
Expelled Muslims |
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Describe European gender roles in the middle ages |
Woman’s rights were disappearing |
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What was the Renaissance? |
Expansion of trade creativity, a higher increase of Greek/Roman literature, and art |
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North Renaissance |
Emphasize piety in their work/human concerns, rodent Latin portrayed, middle-class corruption |
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What was the goal of Buddhism? |
To end suffering |
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Both the north Renaissance and southern Renaissance |
Wanted more creativity Less than religious features more on humanism |
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What is the wall represent on the map? |
The Sahara desert |
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Ethnocentrism |
Judging others by the standards of your own civilization |
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What would the 14 century be as hundreds |
13 hundreds |
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What Indian emperor was responsible for assisting in the spread of Buddhism? |
Ashoka |
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How would the 1300s be as centuries? |
14 century |
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Which dynasty was responsible for the spread of Buddhism? |
The Maurays |
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Patriarchy |
Society government, where father, or oldest male is head of family, men hold power, and women are excluded from it. |
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How did the Gupta treat Buddhist? |
They tolerated and spread the religion. |
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What caused the father of the Gupta Empire? |
Hun invasions |
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What do Islam Christianity and Judaism have in common? |
They are monotheistic |
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How did Islam spread? |
Through military conquest |
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How was the latest spread of Islam different from the early spread of Islam? |
They later spread through trade |
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What is the holy book of Islam called? |
The Quran |
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What is the hajj? Why is it significant to the spread of Muslim culture? |
It’s where Muslims travel to Mecca to pray it gives people incentive to travel and tell others about their religion. |
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What are the core areas of civilization? Why do you think they’re called core? |
China, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, South, Asia and Europe, they’re places that other civilizations branch off of. |
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Whos influence waned as civilizations became more centralized, specialized, and advanced. |
Influence of nomadic societies, began to wane by the 15th centuries |
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Describe the advancements of China |
The song dynasty continued along. Of technical, logical and cultural progress. |
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Mandate of Heaven |
There can only be one legitimate ruler of China. At a time this ruler had the blessing of the gods. If a ruler did not have a blessing of the gods, there would be lots of natural disasters. Use this as an excuse to overthrow the Shang dynasty. |
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Describe the advancements of Muslim Middle East |
Fragmented by invaders and shifts in trade. new Muslim states rose in Africa, middle east and Spain |
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Describe the advancements of sub Saharan Africa |
Rulers of Mali created an empire that was bigger and more centrally administrated than Ghana. |
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Describe the advancements of the Americas |
Aztec formed a tributary system while the inca used the mita system |
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Describe the advancements of Europe |
Europes futile ties decreased in importance as centralized states developed |
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Describe the advancements of Japan |
They became more decentralized and feudal |
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What role did Champa Rice play in making Asian civilization More advanced? |
The Champa rice was able to grow in both winter and summer, so they didn’t have to worry about food, which allowed them to specialize in certain jobs. |
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How did the spread of papermaking change societies along the silk Road? |
Led to an increase in literary rates across Europe, Middle East and north Africa, which then led to advances in medicine and mathematics, especially in Islamic centers of learning. |
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Cultural diffusion |
Knowledge, innovation, language, or cultural characteristics are spread within, or between cultures or communities. |
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Why do you think that European countries were less organized and centralized than those in China the Middle East and sub Saharan Africa at this time? |
They were using the feudal system |
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What role did pneumatic people play in the process of state building between 1200 and 1450? |
They allowed trade to expand |
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What did the Mongols have? What did the turks have and what did they both have in common? |
The mangoes built empire as coordinated campaign by unifying Mongol clans. They both were located in central Asia. Turks built separate empires. |
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How and where was patriarchy changing during this period? |
Christian, Europe, Buddhist, and religious communities in south Asia provided women with opportunities for learning and leadership. |
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What activities made the spread of Islam possible? |
The death of Mohammed in 632 military actions, and activity of merchants and missionaries |
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How far did Islam spread? |
From India to Spain |
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How did Muslim streets treat people of other faiths ? Why do you think so? |
They showed tolerance to Christians, Jews, and others who believed in a single God, and did good works. They probably did because they also believe in one God. |
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What is mamluk |
Enslaved people who are frequently ethnic turks from central Asia. They were more trusted because they had higher and more respectable roles than other slaves, and also had other opportunities, so they were less likely to rebel. They would want to be loyal because they were treated. |
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What is a sultan? |
A political leader |
Think of Jasmine’s father in Aladdin |
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Who were the Crusaders? What was their goal? |
A group of Christian soldiers that help people get to holy sites in and around Jerusalem |
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Syncretism |
The combining of different religions, cultures, or ideas (schools of thought) |
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Who conquered the abbasid empire? when? |
The Mongols in 1258 |
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How did sling trade impact the global strength of Baghdad? |
It lost wealth and population because it could not keep canals repaired and could not provide enough food for urban population , so the city fell into decay. |
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Where are Arab where Arab folks from? |
Middle East and north of Africa |
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Where were turkic people from? |
Central Asia as well as Western China |
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What factors contributed to the cohesion and unity of Turkey and Arab populations between India and Europe? |
Adopting a Abbasid practices the Islamic world fragmented politically both Arab and Turkic people found a way to take over and merge cultures |
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What culture aspects did Muslim regions have in common with each other although they were not ethnically the same. |
Umma - they were all Muslims |
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What advances were made by Muslim scholars? |
Astronomy, law, logic, ethics, mathematics, philosophy, and medicine. |
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How are Sufi’s different from Muslims? |
Muslims focus on intellectual pursuits, such as the study of the Quran, while Sufi emphasize introspect on grasping truth, they believe could not be understood through learning. |
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How were merchant viewed in Muslim society? |
They were more prestigious after all, Muhammad had been a merchant |
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What is the Muslim view of slavery? |
Prohibited Muslims from enslaving other Muslims, or any other monotheistic, such as Jews, and Christians, but promoted enslaving others |
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Seminal |
Strongly, influencing later developments (Hinduism influenced Buddhism) |
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Describe the status of women in Muslim society |
They had more power if they were enslaved, they had more of a chance to make money. |
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How long did Muslims rule Spain? |
In 711 they successfully invaded Spain. They rolled from the 700s to the next seven centuries. |
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How did Muslim scholarship affect later movements in Europe? |
They transferred knowledge. innovations were made in China and were taught to Europeans by Muslims. |
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What were Mississippian natives known for building? |
They built enormous earth, and mountain, some of which were as tall as 100 feet and covered an area, the size of 12 football fields. |
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Describe the governmental structure of Mississippian Indians |
They had a rigid class structure A chief called great son, ruled each large town Below was upper class of priest and nobles, lower farmers hunters, merchants, and artisan bottom a bottom is slaves They had a matriarchal society, which means that social standing was determined by the woman’s side of the family |
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Why might these civilizations have come to an end? |
Flooding or other weather, extremes, cause caught failures or disease introduced by Europeans, decimated the population. |
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What were unique features of natives living in Chaco and Mesa Verde? |
Chaco built large housing some having hundreds of rooms. The Mesa built multi story homes. |
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Where were the Maya located? |
Across across the southern part of Mexico |
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Define city state |
City where it’s surrounding territory, forms, a independent state |
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How were the Maya able to keep order in their civilization? |
People pay taxes through crops and provided labor to the government. They also had religious sacrifice ceremonies. |
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Buddhism |
Spread from India to China, Japan, central Asia, Nepal, Tibet, Burma, cylon which is a example of cultural diffusion can be both defined as polytheistic or monotheistic. |
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What characteristics signify that the maya were an advanced civilization? |
They created the number zero, and the number system. They also created a white writing system and made rubber. |
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Where were they Aztec located? |
They migrated to central Mexico from the north |
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How are the Aztec able to support such a large civilization in the middle of a lake? |
Built and network of aqueducts for water. They also built pyramids, floating gardens, known as Chanampas |
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Animism |
Belief system that says that all objects, places and creatures possess a distinct spiritual essence |
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How are the Aztecs able to collect so much tribute? |
I sick people had to pay tribute by surrendering land or military service. They were able to do this because of the large amount of people they conquered. |
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How is a province different than a city state |
A province is city states group together they moved Warriors and their families to the to make sure they stayed in control |
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What is the bureaucracy? What does it say about the value of religion and Aztec empire? |
Ruled by religious leaders it says that the value of a religion was high |
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What was the role of woman in Aztec society? |
Important because they were able to make valuable cloth that local rose demanded as part of their tribute |
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What factors led to the end of Aztec society |
Bad technology, they didn’t have wheels or pack animals. Their agriculture also was arduous and inefficient. They wanted to expand more than was realistic people hated them, because of their sacrifices |
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Where is the Inca Empire located? |
Cuzco, Peru expanded from Ecuador, and then North to Chile in the south |
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Religions followers highest lowest. |
Christianity - 2.83 billion Islam - 8 billion Hinduism - 1.2 billion Buddhism - 500 million Judaism - 1.4 billion |
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How did the mits system help create order in advancement in Inca lands |
Mandatory public service had to provide agriculture plus other forms of labor like building roads. This allowed there to be more food and set ways to get places places. |
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What factors contributed to the decline of the Inca? |
Disease, Civil War, and Spanish conquering them |
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What are three similarities between all Native American civilizations |
They’re polytheistic and they have some human sacrifice |
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Name, one factor for each civilization below, that was most significant to their success |
Maya - writing system Aztec - Chinampas (floating gardens) Inca- mathematical device to record numerical info through a system of knotted strings for trade and engineering and for recording messages to be carried throughout the Empire |
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Where were the Aztecs originally from? |
The north |
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Describe the Aztecs religious beliefs. How did this compared to the beliefs of classical civilizations? |
We’re polytheist and had many ceremony’s where they sacrificed people which is something people in classical civilizations don’t normally do |
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How was Aztec civilization similar to that of the Spartans? How was it different? |
War was very important, giving them more land. The Aztecs chose to become soldiers, whereas the sparkle were raised in to becoming soldiers. |
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Was the size of Aztec society similar to Western Europe civilizations? |
It was larger than most cities in Europe |
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Describe the relationship between the Aztec and their neighbors |
They constantly fought and tried to capture them to do sacrifices |
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What civilization was present in the Americas prior to the Aztecs |
Mayan |
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Hinduism |
Polytheistic religion that originates from India. Believes in reincarnation into a higher lower class depending on how well you do in this life. |
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Where was the Inca Empire located? |
South America |
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Describe the terrain where the Inca civilization was built |
In the Andes mountains along the West Coast |
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What were some of the skills that Inca possessed? How does this highlight their advancements? |
They were excellent architects, and engineers. They were able to make lots of roads and bridges, which helped their strong central government to keep control, even through the most remote parts of the Empire |
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How are the Inca similar to the Chinese? |
They both had a strong central government |
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Describe some income as tech contributions to humanity |
The Aztecs contributed architecture, the calendar and agriculture, while the Inca contributed architecture, medicine, and transportation in the form of networks of roads and bridges |
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What advantages do you think allowed western Europeans to cook early Americas after their arrival in 1492? |
Europeans had better weapons like guns. They also had horses/cavalry metal. |
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What is Indias government like? |
Decentralized government, Hinduism unites it |
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Neo Confucianists |
Ethics rather than the mystery of God and nature. |
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Theocracy |
When religion and government are one |
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Bedouin |
A nomadic Arab of desert |
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Caliphate |
The office of political leader of Islam, community or state, particularly during the period of 632 to 1258 |
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Empire |
An extensive group of of states or countries under a single supreme authority |
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Iban battuta |
A Muslim traveler and author also a scholar and explorer, who traveled throughout the Muslim world |
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What happens when places are conquered by another religion? |
People will lose faith in their gods or god and convert, because the other sides gods are stronger |
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Mohammed |
Is a profit founder of Islam and proclaimer of the Quran he was important to Muslims because he was a chosen recipient and messenger of the word of God through divine revelations |
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The two sects of Islam |
Sunni - is the larger and believes the prophet did not explicitly disclose as successor Shia - believes the profit, publicly designated his cousins and son-in-law to lead after him |
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Umma |
A whole community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion |
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What are the five pillars of Islam? |
Salat - prayer (Muslims pray five times a day) Zakat - the rich give to the poor Sawm - fasting during the month of Ramadan no food drink or smoking Hajj - traveling to Mecca to pray Shahada - “ there is no God and Muhammad is the messenger of God” |
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Islam |
Means “submission to the will of God” Started in Mecca, and spread to Saudi Arabia. Its monotheistic. |
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Where did Islam spread? |
To Africa through trade, this is in an example of cultural diffusion |
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When did syncretism occur in Islam and Africa? |
Islam was blended with traditional African religion which gave women more power |
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Mansa, Musa |
One of the richest men in the world he was Muslim we know this because he went on the hajj he spent so much money on his scrimmage that he started inflation |
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Dhow |
Traditional sailboat, mainly used by Muslims |
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Lateen sail |
Triangular sails used on shows they brought trade and ideas to Islam (cultural diffusion) |
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Who has more power in Islam men or women? |
Men (patriarchy) |
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What key scale did Bantu speaking tribes take across Africa? |
Agriculture |
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How are the governments of subs in Africa different from those in China or the Middle East? |
They did not centralize power formed kin base networks families, govern themselves, had chiefs whom mandated complex and dealt with neighboring groups, chiefs divided to solve its tribes problems |
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Where is the Swahili Coast? What is an mixture of? |
It’s located in east Africa and a mixture of Arabic and Bantu |
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How and when did Islam cross the Sahara desert? |
In the 14th century missionaries, introduced Islam to their region |
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When did people begin to settle in the Indus Valley? how did the settlement mark a change in lifestyle? |
They began to settle in South Asia about 6000 years ago. This caused farming and herding communities to develop. |
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What benefit did increase trade have on the kingdoms of sub Saharan Africa? |
Exchange of goods brought them wealth, political power, and cultural diversity |
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What goods were Muslim merchants interested in in the trans Saharan trade network? |
Gold artifacts |
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Who was Sundiata? Why was he significant? |
He was Molly’s founding ruler. Mansa Musa was his replacement through connections with faith. He established trade relations with North African and Arab merchants. |
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What was Zimbabwe? |
And east African kingdom, which had expensive architecture |
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What civilizations traded on the Indian Ocean trade network? |
Zimbabwe East Africa, Middle East south Asia and east Asia |
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What are some notable characteristics of social structures and sub Saharan Africa? |
Small communities were organized around kinship age and gender |
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|
What groups of people were most often enslaved |
People who were conquered, prisoners of war and criminals |
|
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|
What’s the difference between chattel and domestic slavery? |
Chattel slavery was permanent they were seen as legal property had no rights. Wow domestic slavery were people who served as cooks, cleaners and other household workers. They had some rights. |
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|
What are some of the cultural traditions present in Africa? |
Playing music telling stories, funerals weddings, and creating visual arts |
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What is a griot? Why were they venerated? |
Agree is a strike. Tell her who keeps history remembered they were respected, because they held power of language and story. |
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Who were the Aryans? Where are they from? |
They were a large group of nomads who migrated to the end they helped form Hinduism. |
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What people of West Africa spread agriculture through much of the sub Sahara? |
Bantu People of Western Africa spread east and south |
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What innovations did Bantu spread? |
Ironworking and hurting across Central and southern Africa. They were also known for iron crops (plantains which provided a yearly supply of food) and pastorisum which is moving heards to Fresh grazing land |
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How are political units organized in sub-Saharan in Africa at this time how is that different than other regions that we have studied? |
Has no states or boundaries wasn’t organized under one king (stateless society) |
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What religion was most common along the river after 330 CE |
Christianity |
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Describe what factors may have allowed Christianity to spread the Nile river |
Trade |
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When did Muslim warriors begin to expand their influence around the Mediterranean |
In 639 |
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What what academic influence did Muslim scholars have on western European thought |
Mathematics, science and philosophy also certain words which were adopted |
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Who were Muslims competing against for power in Africa, Europe and the near east |
Other Muslims, Christians, crusaders, and the Byzantines |
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Where did even Batuta travel during his lifetime? Why do you think he was able to travel widely? |
He visited almost every Islamic country. Also a few non-Islamic countries he marries into a ruling family. |
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What brought Ghana into power along the south Sahara trading net work? |
Trading salt and gold |
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Where is India located in to China? Where is it located on the Silk Road? |
It is in the middle of the silk road (centrally located). It’s to the west of China. |
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Why was salt difficult to come by in West Africa? |
Because of humidity |
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Who replaced Molly as the most powerful empire in West Africa? |
Mansa musa |
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What does the development of the empires in West Africa say about their political and economic development? |
They were high |
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What strengthened the African states why do you think so? |
Trade because it length the economies of Africa, Asia and Europe |
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Swahili was a combination of what cultures |
Arab and Bantu |
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What happened to the small agricultural village that developed earlier in sub Saharan Africa? |
They grew into states |
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What was the great Zimbabwe way? |
It was a trade center and capital |
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What goods did African merchants trade with Islamic global trading network? |
Gold salt and ivory |
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Chief |
A leader, ruler of a people or clan |
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When did the middle ages begin? What caused this trend? |
The middle ages began when the Roman Empire declined in power in the 5th/6th centuries trade declined intellectual life reclined, and the United Roman state was replaced by smaller kingdoms that frequently fought for control |
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What features of mohenjo-Daro I similar to those in our society today? |
They have straight streets, public buildings and meeting places, as well as two-story houses and bathrooms. (Planed city’s) |
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Define feudalism |
Decentralized, political organization, based on systems of exchange for loyalty |
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How did the system benefit Lords in the middle ages |
They got feifs from kings |
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How did knights benefit from feudalism |
Lords provided the knights land |
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How did the peasants benefit from feudalism? |
They got land and protection |
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What was the three field system. Why would this have a positive impact on the population? |
Crops were rotated through three fields. The soil stayed rich so they can have more food and population can increase. |
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What other factors contributed to the greater agriculture production? |
Windmills new types of plows made out of heavy metals |
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Which were the first two countries to develop modern states and governments in Europe |
Europe and France |
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Clergy |
People who work for church |
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Nobility |
Have their own land |
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In the fight between the crown, and the pop see who is actually fighting |
Church and state |
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What form of government was the most common in India during the classical period? |
Hinduism |
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What was the Magna Carta |
A agreement where King Jong was forced to sign to limit his/government power |
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Who is represented by the first English part of element |
The elite |
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What were the major outcomes of the hundred years war? |
Made English and French separate |
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For exactly how many years was Spain under Muslim control |
Eight century to 1492 |
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What was the great schism? |
When Cristian church divided into two branches |
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What are differences and similarities between the Roman Catholic and orthodox Christian churches |
Roman Catholic - pope is greater than the king started in Europe speak, Latin dominated in religious ages, believes in purgatory restricts kids of certain ages Both - Christians, Greek/Romans believe Jesus is son of God Eastern Orthodox - speak Greek king is greater than the pope children of all ages |
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How did religion affect education, and art in Europe |
Church established universities. Most philosophers, writers and thinkers were religious leaders. |
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How did religion affect church and state in Europe? |
If the Lord displayed the church, they could pressure him which means they had a high amount of power |
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How did religion affect monasticism in Europe |
Woman were permitted to become nuns and expand influence to other places |
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How was reform affected by religion in Europe? |
Criticism of church, authority and traditions led to protest reformation that would end the religious unity of Europe and lead to death devastating war between Catholics and Protestants |
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Who is responsible for the beginning the teachings of Buddhism? |
Siddhurtha Gautama |
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What were the crusades? |
Fight to reclaim holy land series of European military campaigns in the Middle East between 1095 to 12,000 |
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What was the significance of the first crusade? |
It was the only one with the clear victory for Christians |
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What was the significance of the fourth crusade |
Tried to make money, but the king died before they could give the money. They never ended up going to the holy land or gaining control Jerusalem. |
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Why is Marco Polo significant to the history of Western Europe? |
He was able to tell Weston European stories about places and caused Asia to be of high interest |
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How did society in Europe change has result of the increase of trade and wealth of the 13th century |
Change the social pyramid, middle-class group |
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Why do you think that Jews were blamed for the problems in Europe, including food, shortages and plague |
Thought of as outsiders and untrustworthy |
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What did the people of Europe and governments due to Muslims during this period |
Expelled Muslims |
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Describe European gender roles in the middle ages |
Woman’s rights were disappearing |
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What was the Renaissance? |
Expansion of trade creativity, a higher increase of Greek/Roman literature, and art |
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North Renaissance |
Emphasize piety in their work/human concerns, rodent Latin portrayed, middle-class corruption |
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What was the goal of Buddhism? |
To end suffering |
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Both the north Renaissance and southern Renaissance |
Wanted more creativity Less than religious features more on humanism |
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Southern Renaissance |
Italy and Spain church supported them and they use Latin independent from Roman Catholic Church |
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Describe the development of Russia from trade villages to independence |
Traded for fish and grains in the middle ages, which connected people from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean to central Asia city state at center was Kieran Kus adopted orthodox Christianity. The Mongol took over them, and were required to pay tax. They became independent in the 15th century, because nobles were rich from collecting taxes and were able to start a resistance. |
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How did Islam spread to add Africa? |
Through trade |
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How did Islam spread to Spain in India? |
Conquest |
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How did Mimosa become rich? |
Mines |
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Where is the Swahili Coast located? |
West Africa |
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What is the wall represent on the map? |
The Sahara desert |
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Ethnocentrism |
Judging others by the standards of your own civilization |
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What would the 14 century be as hundreds |
13 hundreds |
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What Indian emperor was responsible for assisting in the spread of Buddhism? |
Ashoka |
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How would the 1300s be as centuries? |
14 century |
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Which dynasty was responsible for the spread of Buddhism? |
The Maurays |
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Patriarchy |
Society government, where father, or oldest male is head of family, men hold power, and women are excluded from it. |
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How did the Gupta treat Buddhist? |
They tolerated and spread the religion. |
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What caused the father of the Gupta Empire? |
Hun invasions |
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What do Islam Christianity and Judaism have in common? |
They are monotheistic |
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How did Islam spread? |
Through military conquest |
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Describe the advancements of China |
The song dynasty continued along. Of technical, logical and cultural progress. |
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Mandate of Heaven |
There can only be one legitimate ruler of China. At a time this ruler had the blessing of the gods. If a ruler did not have a blessing of the gods, there would be lots of natural disasters. Use this as an excuse to overthrow the Shang dynasty. |
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Describe the advancements of Muslim Middle East |
Fragmented by invaders and shifts in trade. new Muslim states rose in Africa, middle east and Spain |
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Describe the advancements of sub Saharan Africa |
Rulers of Mali created an empire that was bigger and more centrally administrated than Ghana. |
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Describe the advancements of the Americas |
Aztec formed a tributary system while the inca used the mita system |
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Describe the advancements of Europe |
Europes futile ties decreased in importance as centralized states developed |
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Describe the advancements of Japan |
They became more decentralized and feudal |
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Why was religion significant to the centralization of states? |
Unified diverse population and strengthened political control |
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How did Confucian beliefs impact the bureaucracy of China? |
It made sure that people who were elected as state officials were smart and capable. |
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How did the church become arrival for European governments between 12,000 and 1450? |
They both had high amounts of power. |
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What role did Champa Rice play in making Asian civilization More advanced? |
The Champa rice was able to grow in both winter and summer, so they didn’t have to worry about food, which allowed them to specialize in certain jobs. |
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How did the spread of papermaking change societies along the silk Road? |
Led to an increase in literary rates across Europe, Middle East and north Africa, which then led to advances in medicine and mathematics, especially in Islamic centers of learning. |
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Cultural diffusion |
Knowledge, innovation, language, or cultural characteristics are spread within, or between cultures or communities. |
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Why do you think that European countries were less organized and centralized than those in China the Middle East and sub Saharan Africa at this time? |
They were using the feudal system |
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What role did pneumatic people play in the process of state building between 1200 and 1450? |
They allowed trade to expand |
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What did the Mongols have? What did the turks have and what did they both have in common? |
The mangoes built empire as coordinated campaign by unifying Mongol clans. They both were located in central Asia. Turks built separate empires. |
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How and where was patriarchy changing during this period? |
Christian, Europe, Buddhist, and religious communities in south Asia provided women with opportunities for learning and leadership. |
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What activities made the spread of Islam possible? |
The death of Mohammed in 632 military actions, and activity of merchants and missionaries |
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How far did Islam spread? |
From India to Spain |
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How did Muslim streets treat people of other faiths ? Why do you think so? |
They showed tolerance to Christians, Jews, and others who believed in a single God, and did good works. They probably did because they also believe in one God. |
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What is mamluk |
Enslaved people who are frequently ethnic turks from central Asia. They were more trusted because they had higher and more respectable roles than other slaves, and also had other opportunities, so they were less likely to rebel. They would want to be loyal because they were treated. |
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What is a sultan? |
A political leader |
Think of Jasmine’s father in Aladdin |
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Who were the Crusaders? What was their goal? |
A group of Christian soldiers that help people get to holy sites in and around Jerusalem |
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Syncretism |
The combining of different religions, cultures, or ideas (schools of thought) |
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Who conquered the abbasid empire? when? |
The Mongols in 1258 |
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How did sling trade impact the global strength of Baghdad? |
It lost wealth and population because it could not keep canals repaired and could not provide enough food for urban population , so the city fell into decay. |
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Where are Arab where Arab folks from? |
Middle East and north of Africa |
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Where were turkic people from? |
Central Asia as well as Western China |
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What factors contributed to the cohesion and unity of Turkey and Arab populations between India and Europe? |
Adopting a Abbasid practices the Islamic world fragmented politically both Arab and Turkic people found a way to take over and merge cultures |
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What culture aspects did Muslim regions have in common with each other although they were not ethnically the same. |
Umma - they were all Muslims |
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