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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Homeostasis |
A state of relative stability within the human body |
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Maintenance of Homeostasis |
Nervous System= rapid response Endocrine System= long term adjustments |
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The Central Nervous System |
Contains interneurons, brain and spinal cord Coordination and processing of all nerve impulses. |
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Neurons |
Conduct nerve impulses along pathways - electrochemical in nature |
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Nerves |
Bundles of neurons grouped for a specific function. |
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Motor Neuron 1 Dendrites 2 Nucleus 3 Cell Body 4 Myelin Sheath / Schwann Cells 5 Nodes of Ranvier 6 End Plate 7 Axon 8 Neurilemma - coats axon |
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Dendrites |
Receive information and always travel towards the cell body |
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Cell body |
Contains nucleus and cytoplasm to sustain and coordinate cell |
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Axon |
Carries impulse to another neuron or to effectors |
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Myelin Sheath |
Formed by the Schwann cells and insulates the axon Found in the PNS and mature CNS axon (white matter) |
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Node of Ranvier |
Gaps between the Schwann cells in myelin sheath that speeds up transmission |
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Neurilemma |
Protective membrane that helps in re-generation of a neuron Not all cells with myelinated cells have a neurilemma Not found in brain and CNS neurons (white and grey matter) |
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Formation of Myelin |
Schwann cells are glial cells that grow around axons. Contain lipids -acts as electrical insulation -prevent impulses from moving off the pathway |
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Difference |
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Synapses |
End plates do not touch other neurons, this is the space between |
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Three types of Neurons |
Sensory-gather information Interneurons-link between sensory and motor (CNS) Motor-connect to muscles or glands (effectors) |
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Begin with sense organ receptor and carry impulses to the CNS (brain/spinal cord or both) |
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Interneuron |
Connect neurons together (ex. Sensory and motor) they are found in the CNS |
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Receive impulses from the CNS and carry them to effectors like muscles or glands. |
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Reflex Arc |
No brain coordination=fast Five main components: Receptor Sensory Neuron Interneuron in spinal cord Motor Neuron The effector (muscle of gland) |
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Peripheral Nervous System |
Contains sensory and motor neurons. Somatic nerves control skeletal muscle, bones and skin. Autonomic nerves control internal organs, muscles and glands. |
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Neural Structures and Cells |
Two types of cells: neurons (main) and glial cells (supporting) |
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A-Dendrites B-Cell Body/membrane C-Nucleus D-Schwann Cells/Myelin Coating E-Nodes of Ranvier F-End Plate G-Direction of Action Potential |