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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Polyploid cell
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A cell with more than two sets of chromosomes.
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Haploid cell
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A cell with one set of chromosomes.
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Diploid cell
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A cell with 6 chromosomes.
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Triploid cell
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A cell with 9 chromosomes.
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Sterile
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Unable to reproduce.
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Diploid cell
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A cell with two sets of chromosomes.
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Mutation
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Any changes in the sequence or amount of a cell's DNA.
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Point Mutation
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A mutation that only involves one or a few nucleotides. Has three types: substitution, deletion, and insertion.
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Chromosomal Mutation
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A mutation that involves changes in the number or structure of chromosomes.
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Substitution
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A mutation in which one nucleic acid is substituted for another, resulting in one new/ different amino acid.
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Insertion
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A mutation that is considered to be a frameshift mutation because it shifts the reading frame, resulting in a new string of amino acids.
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Deletion
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A mutation that is considered to be a frameshift mutation because it shifts the reading frame, resulting in a new string of amino acids. It also involves all loss of all or part of a chromosome.
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Duplications
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A mutation that produces extra copies of parts of a chromosome.
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Inversion
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A mutation in that reverses the direction of a mutation.
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Translocation
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The process in which portion of one chromosome breaks off and attaches itself to another chromosome.
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Transcription
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The information on the DNA is used to produce RNA.
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Translation
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The information on the RNA is used to make proteins.
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Messenger RNA
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Carries instructions for making proteins from the DNA to the ribosomes.
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Ribosomal RNA
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Combines with proteins to make ribosomes.
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Transfer RNA
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Carries amino acid to the ribosome to be assembled into proteins.
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