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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the anterior dislocation associated bony abnormalities
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hill-sachs
bankart |
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What are the posterior should dislocation associated bony abnormalities
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trough sign
light bulb sign |
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What is more common; anterior or inferior should dislocations
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anterior (96%)
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What percent of pts with anterior dislocation have a recurrence
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40%
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What is the mechanism of an anterior shoulder dislocation
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external rotaion and abduction
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What is a potential complication of an anterior shoulder dislocation
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axillary nerve damage
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Where does the humeral head go in a anterior dislocaton
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under the coracoid process (also known as subcoracoid dislocations)
On frontal plain film look for the glenoid and the humeral head will be medial and inferior to the glenoid |
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What is the cause of a hills sachs deformity
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results from impaction of the posterior lateral surface of the humerus on the anterior rim of glenoid
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What percent of pts with anterior shoulder dislocations result in hill sachs defects
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50%
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What is a bankart fracture
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this is a fracture of the anterior glenoid rim
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What are 3 plain films images used to look at a shoulder dislocation
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frontal, axillary and Y-view
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What is a Y-view
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a lateral view of the scapula (you can tell bc the coracoid and the acromion and scapula body form a Y)
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Where is the humeral head located on a Y view of the shoulder
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centered inbetween the acromion and coracoid and slightly inferior
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Where is an anterior dislocation located on a Y-view of the scapula
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inferior to the coracoid
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What does an axillary view of the shoulder look like
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it is like a axillary CT cut through the shoulder
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What is anterior the acromion or coracoid?
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coracoid process
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What does an anterior dislocation look like on an axillary plain view of the shoulder
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it is anterior to the glenoid and superimposed on the coracoid
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What does a hills sachs deformity look like on a frontal of the shoulder
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it looks like someone took a bite out of the lateral aspect of the humeral head
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Do posterior dislocations of the shoulder ever go unrecognized
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yes, 50% of the time (frontal view is not sensitive)
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What views are typically required to diagnose a posterior dislocation
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y-view, axillary or trans-thoracic lateral
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What is the mechanism of a posterior shoulder dislocation
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axial load on an adducted and internally rotated arm
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What are common causes of a posterior shoulder dislocation
2 |
convulsion disorder
electroshock therapy |
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What are the imaging findings of a posterior dislocation
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under the acromion
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What is the light bulb sign
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this is the result of the humeral head being fixed in a internal rotation and the humeral head looks like a light bulb no matter what view
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What is the trough sign
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a fracture along the anteromedial aspect of the humeral head
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What is the causes of the trough sign
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the result of the humeral head hitting the posterior rim of the glenoid
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Can an inferior dislocation of the shoulder occur
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yes
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What is another name for inferior dislocation of the shoulder
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luxatio erecta
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What is the mechanism of an inferior dislocation of the shoulder
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hyperabduction
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What complications are associated with inferior shoulder dislocation
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rotator cuff tear
axillary nerve damage fracture of acromion |
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What percent of pts with an inferior shoulder dislocation have rotator cuff tears
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80%
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What happens to the humeral head in a inferior shoulder dislocation
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it rotates so the articular surface faces inferiorly
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What is a clinical sign of an inferior shoulder dislocation
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extremity is held over head and can be lowered
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Where is the humeral head in relation to the glenoid fossa in an inferior shoulder dislocation
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inferior to the glenoid
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