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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What percent of all motor vehicle deaths are due to the thoracic trauma?
25%, about 12,000 per year in the US
Define tracheobronchial tree
The structures of the trachea and the bronchi
Define co-morbidity
Associated disease process
The increase on _________________ trauma in urban areas is associated with violent crime.
penetrating
Pericardial tamponade, open pneumothorax, esophageal disruption, cavitational lung injuries and comminuted rib fxs are almost exclusively associated with what type of trauma.
Penetrating
Pneumothorax (paper bag syndrome), traumatic asphyxia, aortic aneurism, and myocardial contusion are almost exclusively associated with what type of trauma?
Blunt
What are the 3 subdivisions of blunt trauma mechanisms?
Blasts
Crush (Compression)
Deceleration
When a blast occurs in a confined space, the pressure may be contained and _________________.
accentuated or increased
Define shear force
The force of an organ moving against the point of fixation
True or false: The age of a blunt trauma pt may affect the seriousness of the trauma received.
True
What age group is likely to have more minor signs of injury, few rib fxs, and a greater incidence of serious internal injury as a result of blunt trauma?
Pediatrics. The cartilaginous nature of their thorx spares them from rib fxs, but more easily transmits the energy of trauma to the internal organs.
True or false: Due to the calcification of the skeletal system, geriatric patients are more likely than any other group to sustain rib fxs.
True
How are shotgun wounds classified?
Accirding to the distance between the victim and the shotgun.
Type I shotgun wounds have what characteristics?
Target is > 7 meters from the gun barrel at discharge
Usually does not penetrate deeper than into the skin and subcutaneous tissue
Type II shotgun wounds have what characteristics?
Target is 3-7 meters from the barrel of the gun
Pellets penetrate into the fascia with possible internal organ damage
What are the characteristics of a Type III shotgun wound?
Target is < 3 meters from the barrel
Usually involves massive tissue destruction and life-threatening injuries
What is the most common injury associated with chest trauma?
Chest wall injuries
Chest wall contusion is the most common result of _________________ injury to the thorax.
blunt
Rib fxs are found in more than ____% of cases of significant chest trauma from blunt mechanisms.
50
Which ribs are most likely to be fractured?
4-8
Which rib group results in mortality in up to 30% when they are fractured?
The first 3
Which rib group is less likely to fracture, but may allow for better transmision of energy to internal organs?
9-12. Fractures to these ribs is frequently associated with serious trauma and splenic or hepatic injury.
Mortality associated with rib fxs increses with the number of _____________, extremes of _______, and associated chronic ______________________ or ________________ problems.
fractures, age, respiratory, cardiac
Laceration of in intercostal arteries may result in __________________, while damage to the intercostal nerves may result in a ___________________ deficit.
hemothorax, neurologic