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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Macrosociology
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the study of large-scale society, focusing on the social structure within a society and examining how those social structures create the social world.
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Microsociology
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is the study of the small interactions of daily life.
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Social Structures
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are patterns of relationships that endure from one generation to the next.
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Groups
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are any number of people with similar norms, values, and behaviors who frequently interact with one another.
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Primary Groups
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are small, intimate, and enduring.
Ex: family |
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Secondary Groups
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are groups that are formal, superficial, and temporary.
Ex: people at a bus stop |
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Social Class
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is a group with similar access to power, wealth, and prestige.
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Status
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is the position that you occupy within the social structure, which is often linked to social class.
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Achieved Status
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is a type of position that you earn or do something to attain.
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Ascribed Status
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is a position n society that is given or assigned.
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Master Status
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is the status toward which we gravitate.
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Role
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is the behavior of a specific status.
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Role Expectations
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are the anticipated behavior for a particular role.
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Role Performance
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is the degree to which a person plays the role in a manner we expect.
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Role Conflict
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is a phenomenon occuring when one is forced to choose between the competing demands of multiple roles.
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Role Strain
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occurs when the demands and expectations of one role are impossible for us to satisfy.
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Stigma
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is a mark of disgrace associated with a particular status, quality, or person.
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Discredited Stigma
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is a stigma that cannot be hidden from others or is no longer hidden from others.
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Discreditable Stigma
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is a stigma that can be concealed from others.
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Social Institutions
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are structures that provide for patterned relationships.
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Gemeinschaft
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refers to community connections that involve personal relationships based on friendship and kinship ties, such as family.
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Gesellschaft
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refers to societal connections that are more formal and impersonal.
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Personal Space
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is the invisible bubble that each of us has around ourselves to insulate us from others.
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Intimate Distance
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is distance reserved for those with whom we are very close.
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Personal Distance
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is distance that ranges from 18 inches to 4 feet; this distance is for normal conversations.
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Social Distance
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is distance that ranges from about 4 feet to 12 feet and is usually reserved for formal settings.
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Public Distance
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is the zone of interaction that is used to highly formal settings; this distance includes everything greater than 12 feet.
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Impression Management
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is management of the impression that the performer makes on others.
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Front Stage
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is what the audiences see, or the part of ourselves that we present to others.
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Backstage
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is the demeanor that incorporates our true feelings and beliefs.
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Embarrasment
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is a state that occurs when we realize our act has failed.
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Face-Saving Work
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is a reaction to embarassment in the form of either humor, anger, or retreat.
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Demographic Similarity
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refers to shared characteristics such as race, gender, or age.
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Supervisor-Focused Impression Management
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refers to techniques that involve flattering your boss and agreeing with your boss' opinions (or at least avoiding disagreements whenever possible)
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Self-Focused Impression Management
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refers to techniques that include acting modest about your accomplishments (even if that modesty is false), boasting occasionally about your success, and showing your friendliness and self-assuredness through smiles and eye contact.
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