Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In development the brain begins as |
A neural tube which becomes forebrain (prosencephalon) midbrain (mesencephalon) and hind brain (rhombencephalon) |
|
anterior forebrain |
telencephalon |
|
posterior forebrain |
diencephalon |
|
two parts of the hindbrain |
mentencephalon and mylencephalon |
|
What does ICP stand for? |
intracranial pressure. It can collapse blood vessels and slow blood flow. |
|
What does a lumbar tap do and where is the puncture made? |
measures ICP and in the subarachnoid space between 3r/4th vertabrae |
|
corpus callosum |
a broad flat bundle of axons connecting the cerebral hemispheres |
|
gyri |
ridges/convolutions |
|
sulcus |
deep grooves |
|
fissure |
very deep groove |
|
longitudinal fissure |
seperates right and left cerebral hemisheres |
|
transverse fissure |
seperates cerebrum from cerbebellum |
|
cerebral cortex |
thin layer of gray matter which is the outermost portion of cerebrum. covers gyri and dips into sulci and fissures. 75% of neuron cell bodies in nervous system |
|
white matter |
under cerebral cortex makes up bulk of the cerebrum. has bundles of mylenated axons that connects cortex with other parts of the nervous system. |
|
functions of cerbral cortex |
higher thought. Interprete impulses, intating voluntary movements, storing info as memory,. |
|
postier central gyri of the parietal lobes |
sensations of tempature, touch,pain, and pressure |
|
posterior parts of the occipital lobe |
vision |
|
supierior posterior portion of the temporal lobe |
the centers for hearing |
|
deep in temporal lobes |
sense of smell |
|
true or false. Does the right central hemisphere interpret impulses from the left side of the body and vice versa? |
true |
|
Wernicke's area |
The sensory speech area. In temporal lobe. understanding and formulating language. |
|
what do association areas do? |
help provide memory, reasoning, emotions, judgements. |
|
association areas of frontal lobe |
higher thinking (concentrating, problem solving, planning.) |
|
prefrontal areas of frontal lobes |
control emotional behavior and awareness of ones own behavior |
|
association areas of temporal lobes |
interpret complex sensory experiences like understanding speech/reading. Also store visual scenes, music, and complex sensory problems. |
|
occipital association areas |
combining visual images with other sensory experiences, such as recognizing someone when you see them. |
|
primary motor areas |
in cerebral cortex in gyri of frontal lobes. has large pyramid cells, impulses move down spinal cord on descending tracts. |
|
broca's area |
motor speech area. left hemisphere. control muscles of mouth,tounge, larnyx that make speech possible. |
|
frontal eye field |
controls movement of eyes |
|
left hemisphere |
speech,writing,reading. complex analytical functions like planning, analysis. |
|
right hemisphere |
nonverbal basic functions. motor tasks. body orientation, musical patterns, visual experiences. |
|
primary motor areas of cerebral cortex |
lie in the frontal lobes just in front of the central sulcus. nervous tissue here is called pyramidal cells. |
|
flacc |
flabby |
|
chiasm |
cross |
|
funi |
small cord or fiber |
|
plex |
interweaving |
|
I cranial nerve (1) |
Olfactory. |
|
II Cranial Nerve (2) |
Optic. impulse from brain to retina. |
|
III Cranial Nerve (3) |
Oculomotor. supplies impulses to eyelid muscle, extraculor muscle (moves eye inward.), and pupillary muscle. |
|
Cranial Nerve IV |
Trochlear. Controls supieror oblique muscle of the eye. Originates in back of brain stem. Travels the farthest of all the cranial nerves. |
|
Cranial nerve V |
Trigeminal. Facial sensation and chewing. |
|
Cranial nerve VII |
Facial nerve. Facial movement. |
|
Cranial nerve VIII |
Auditory. Hearing |
|
Cranial nerve IX |
Glossopharyngeal. Taste and swallowing. |
|
X Cranial Nerve |
Vagus. Swallowing, voice modulation, parasympathetic tone of the body. For internal organs/digestion. Rests body and aids in digestion. |
|
XI cranial nerve. |
Acessory. Neck muscles. |
|
XII cranial nerve |
hypoglossal. Swallowing, speech. |
|
VI cranial nerve |
Abducens. impulses to lateral rectus muscle in eye which moves eye outward. |
|
Falx cerebelli |
the dura matter that seperates the right and left cerebellar hemespheres |
|
Falx cerebi |
extends downward into longitudinal fissure, seperates right and left cerebral hemispheres. |
|
tentorium cerebelli |
seperates occipital lobes of the cerebrum. |
|
arachnoid matter |
thin spiderlike substance with no blood vessels located between dura and pia matter. |
|
sub arachnoid space |
between arachnoid and pia matter. contains CSF. |
|
pia matter |
thin and contains many nerves and blood vessels. attached to surface of organs and runs along surface/dips into grooves. |
|
Meningitis |
inflammation of the meninges from bacteria or viral infection of CSF. Complications are vision loss, hearing loss, paraylysis, and intelecctual disability |
|
lateral ventricles |
two largest. 1rst ventricle in left cerbral hemisphere and 2 in right. |
|
third ventricle |
a narrow space in the midbrain beneath the corpus callosum. |
|
fourth ventricle |
in the brainstem just anterior to cerrebelum. |
|
cerebral aqueduct or aqueduct of Sylvius |
connects 3rd and 4th ventricles |
|
choroid plexuses |
secrete CSF tiny reddish masses of speacialized capillares that are from pia matter and covered by a special layer of ependymal cells. |
|
What does CSF even do? |
maintains appropriate ion concentration and provides pathway for the blood for waste. |
|
how many ml of CSF does a human secrete daily |
500ml |
|
how much CSF is in your system at any given time |
140 ml |
|
arachnoid granulations |
reabsorbs CSF into blood |
|
infundibulum |
pituitary stalk. |
|
pineal gland |
endocrine gland that produces melatonin. In the diencephalon |
|
thalamus |
recieves all sensory impulses and channels them to the appropriate part of the cortex for interpretation. |
|
hypothalamus |
maintains homeostasis by maintaining visceral activities. heart rate/BP, body temp, water/elec balance, control of hunger/BMI, glandular secretions in digestion, sends impulses to pituitary gland to release hormones, influence reproductive physiology, sleep/wakefulness. |
|
limbic system |
controls emotion and expression. relates feelings to experiences. |
|
midbrain |
contains gray matter that serves as a relfex center. |
|
superior colliculi |
in midbrain. center for certain visual reflexes. |
|
inferior colliculi |
in midbrain. auditory reflex centers |
|
pons |
rounded bulge on side of brainstem. longitudinal nerve fibers which relay info between medulla oblogonta and brainstem. |
|
medulla oblongata |
extends from pons to foramon magnum and forms floor of 4th ventricle. control system for vital visceral jobs lay here. cardiac center, vasomotor center, respitory center. |
|
reticular formation |
tiny islands of gray matter. they control your sleep cycle. |