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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Constructive |
⬅️➡️ |
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Destructive |
➡️⬅️ |
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Conservative (transform) |
⬆️⬇️ or ⬆️⬆️ |
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Oceanic |
Basalt rock 7-10km thick More dense |
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Continental |
Thicker 25-70km Granite Less dense |
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Mantle plumes |
Isolated areas of convecting heat, rising towards the surface generating basaltic volcanoes (shield) |
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Management of earthquakes |
Earthquake proof buildings Evacuation measures Richter scale |
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Multiple hazard zone |
Where there's multiple hazard risk in the area |
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P waves (primary) |
Fastest, arrive first and cause little damage |
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S waves (secondary) |
Shake the ground violently |
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L waves (love) |
Travel across the surface and fracture ground, large amp |
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Lahar |
A hot and cold mix of water and rock fragments that flows down a volcano |
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Pyroclastic flow |
Current of gas and volcanic matter that flows along the ground away from a volcano |
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Ash fall |
Particles of rock and Ash |
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Tephra fall |
Fragments of rock ejected into the air |
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Gas eruption |
The gases from a volcano being ejected |
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Lava flow |
The flow of lava down the side of a volcano |
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Jökulhlaup |
Glacial run or flood |
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Landslides |
Rock braking away from the side of a mountain and travelling down |
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Submarine earthquakes |
Earthquake that occurs underwater, usually causes a tsunami |
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Displacement |
Shifting of land in a vertical direction, usually causes uplift and subsidence |
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Wave length |
Distance between corresponding points of consecutive waves |
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Wave height |
Difference between elevation of crest and neighbouring trough |
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Wave train affect |
Amplitude or height of wave being affected by previous wave |
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PAR model |
Pressure+release model Rootcause➡️dynamic pressure ➡️unsafe conditions |
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Mitigate |
Act now to prevent it in the future |
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When is it considered a disaster? |
10 or more dead 100 people affected $1 million in economic losses |
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Resilience |
Land use planning Hazard resistant design |
