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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How can you extend the life of your instruments, especially scissors?
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Tungsten Carbide inserts
-Replaceable |
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What are needle holders used for? What are 2 types?
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ONLY for suturing
-Not wire twisting etc -Carbide inserts 2 types: Mayo-Hegar, Olsen-Hegar |
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What are the 2 types of scissors? What are the intended functions for each?
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Metzenbaums=fine tissue
Mayo= fascia |
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How can you identify kelly hemostatic forceps?
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Transverse grooves distal half of tips
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What are the uses of Kelly hemostatic forceps?
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Grasping bleeding vessels and stumps
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How can you identify Crile hemostatic forceps?
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Transverse grooves whole length of tips
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What are Crile hemostatic forceps used for?
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Grasping bleeding vessels and stumps
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How can you identify carmalt hemostatic forceps?
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Longitudinal grooves whole length of tips, transverse grooves at end of tips (for grasping vessels)
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What are Carmalt hemostatic forceps used for?
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Ligation of stumps and pedicles
-spays |
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What are Adson thumb forceps used for?
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Used for suturing skin and facial planes
-Secure yet delicate grip |
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How can you identify Brown- adson thumb forceps?
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Intermeshing fine teeth
-Wide tip allows more grasp -Broad yet delicate tissue grip |
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What thumb forceps are the most traumatic?
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Brown-adson
-Increased trauma compared to adson or DeBakey |
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What are DeBakey thumb forceps used for?
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Very delicate tissue handling
-Initially developed for minimizing endothelial damage |
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DeBakey thumb forceps are excellent for ____ and _____ surgery
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Abdominal & thoracic
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How do you identify DeBakey thumb forceps?
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One set of grooves or barbs down the forcep (compared to adson is one set of barbs on tip)
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What are the 2 general types of retractors?
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1) Senn
-Hand held -Muscle/fascia 2) Self-retaining -muscle/ fascia |
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What is a Balfour retractor?
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Self-retaining abdominal retractor
-Indispensable for abdominal surgery |
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What are 2 types of self-retaining retractors?
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Weitlaner (3 prongs)
Gelpi (Single pointy prong) |
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What are Finochietto retractors?
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Self retaining thoracic retractor
-Indispensable for intercostal approach and midline sternotomy |
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What are the 3 general types of surgical packs?
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1) Minor instrument pack
2) Major instrument ack 3) Specific use packs -Spay pack -Laceration pack -TPLO pack -Orthopedic pack -Laparoscopy pack -Arthroscopy pack |
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What is the definition of aseptic technique?
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Methods and practices that prevent cross contamination in surgery
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What are the 4 components of aseptic technique?
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1) Facilities and environment
2) Surgical site 3) Surgical team 4) Surgical equipment/ instruments |
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What is the definition of sterilization?
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Total elimination of microorganisms
-Sterilize any object that contacts inner tissues |
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What are the 3 methods of sterilization?
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1) Steam
2) Chemical -Ethylene oxide -Cold chemical (glutaraldehyde) 3) Plasma gas |
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What are 2 types of chemical sterilization?
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Ethylene oxide
cold chemical (glutaraldehyde) |
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What is the principle of sterilization using an autoclave (steam)?
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Causes coagulation and protein denaturization
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**What is the temperature and time needed for steam sterilization?
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15- 20 minutes at 250-254 F
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How does ethylene oxide cause sterilization?
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Causes alkylation (destruction of proteins)
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What are 5 warnings of ethylene oxide?
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1) Flammable
2) Explosive 3) Byproduct (ethylene glycol) 4) Carcinogen 5) Teratogenic |
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How long does sterilization using ethylene oxide take?
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17 h cycle
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When is plasma gas the preferred method of sterilization?
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Metallic and rubberized materials
Porous materials -Because low temperature |
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How long does plasma gas sterilization take?
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75 m cycle
-No aeration required -Low toxicity |
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How does plasma gas work?
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H2O2 excited by electric charge creates free radicals that are cytotoxic to bacteria
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What is plasma gas?
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A cloud of free radicals
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What are 4 types of drape materials?
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1) Cotton muslin
140-270 thread count 2) Non-woven (paper or polypropylene) barrier material 3) Paper/plastic pouches (heat sealed) 4) Clear plastic dust covers |
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What is the advantage of using non-woven barrier material for a drape? Disadvantage?
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Advantage: relatively inexpensive, water resistant barrier/ no strike through
Disadvantage: less durable |
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What method results in the longest sterile shelf life?
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Double wrapping
Heat sealed Plastic cover |
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What are the 2 types of sterilization indicators?
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Chemical
-Most common Biological -Spores, sterilization then cultured, if growth then failure of sterilization |
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Label the parts of the instrument
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What are the 2 types of surgical instrument cleaning used before autoclaving?
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1) Manual
2) Ultrasonic |
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What are the 2 things to be careful about when using paper/ plastic pouches that are heat sealed?
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Not durable when single wrapped
Fragile when moist (turn upside down to dry) |
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Why is it so important to cool items being removed form the autoclave individually to dry on racks?
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Otherwise condensation leads to strike through
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How can you maximum the shelf life via autoclave storage conditions?
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Store in waterproof dust covers in closed cabinets
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