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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
hematopoiesis
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the process of blood cell formation
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red bone marrow
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soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones
blood cell formation happens in red bone marrow |
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four major types of bones
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long
short flat irregular sesamoid |
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dense or compact bone
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outer layer, hard and dense
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spongy bone
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porous bone at the end of a bone
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trabeculae
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needlelike threads of spongy bone that surround a network of spaces
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osteons
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compact bone is organized in to numerous structural units
each circular and tubelike osteon is composed of calcified matrix arranged in multiple layers resembling the rings of an onion. |
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concentric lamella
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the circular rings, or lamellae, surround the central canal which contains a blood vessel.
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osteocytes
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living bone cells that lie between the hard layers of the lamellae in the little spaces called lacunae
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lacunae
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little spaces between the hard layers of the lamellae
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canaliculi
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connect the the lacunae with one another and with the central canal in each osteon
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cartilage
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consists more of intercellular substance than of cells
innumerable collagenous fibers reinforce the matrix of both tissues fibers are embedded in a firm gel instead of in a calcified cement substance like they are in bone |
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chondrocytes
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cartilage cells, located in the lacunae
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osteoblasts
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bone forming cells
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osteoclasts
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bone-resorbing cells
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endochondral ossification
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bones formed from cartilage models
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epiphyses
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small centers located in both ends of the bone
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diaphysis
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larger center located in the shaft
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epiphyseal plate
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as long as this cartilage remains between the epiphyses and the diaphysis growth will occur.
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two divisions of the skeleton
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axial skeleton
appendicular skeleton |
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axial skeleton
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skull
cranium ear bones face spine/vertebrae thorax/ribs/sternum hyoid bone |
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appendicular skeleton
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upper extremities
lower extremities |