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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Independent Variable
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Something that causes change
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Dependent Variable
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Something that changes because of the Independent Variable
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Population
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The complete collection of all elements being studied
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Sample
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Subcollection of members selected from a population
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Parameter
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Numerical measurements describing some characteristics of the population
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Statistic
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Numerical measurement describing some characteristic of the sample
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Nominal Level of Measurement
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Data that consist of names, label, categories only.
Ex: Yes, no, undecided..... colors |
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Interval Level of Measurement
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Names, labels, but difference between two categories is meaningful. No natural starting point
Ex: Temperature, Years |
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Ratio Level of Measurement
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Meaningful difference, natural zero starting point
Ex: weights, prices |
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Ordinal Level of Measurement
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Can be arranged in some order, but differences are meaningless (cannot be subtracted from each other0
EX: Grades, ranks |
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Lower class limits
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Smallest numbers that can belong to each class (sample results)
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Upper class limits
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Largest numbers that can belong to each class (sample results)
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Class Boundaries
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Size of the gap between Upper Limit of one class and Lower Limit of the next. Add 1/2 that to each Upper Limit to find Upper Class Boundaries. Subtract 1/2 that to find Lower Class Boundaries.
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Class Midpoints
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Add Lower class limits to Upper class limits and divide by 2.
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Class width
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Difference between 2 consecutive Lower class limits or Upper class limits.
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Median
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Data values arranged in order, then find middle. If even number of values, median is the mean of both middle numbers
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Mode
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Most often repeated
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Midrange
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Add highest to lowest and divide by 2.
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Range
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Distance between highest and lowest number
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Standard Deviation
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Measure of variation of values about the mean
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