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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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general senses of touch |
temp, pressure, pain |
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special senses |
smell, taste, sight, hearing, equilibrium |
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eye and vision |
70% of all sensory receptors are in the eye |
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protection for the eye |
most of the eye is enclosed in a bony orbit, and a cushion of fat surrounds the eye |
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accessory structures of the eye |
eyelids and eyelashes, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus, extrinsic eye muscles |
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tarsal glands |
lubricates the eye |
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ciliary glands |
located between the eyelashes |
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conjunctiva |
membrane that lines the eye lid, connect to the surface of the eye, secretes mucus to lubricate the eye |
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lacrimal gland |
produces tears(lacrimal fluid) |
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lacrimal canal |
drains lacrimal fluid from eyes |
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pupil |
rounded opening in iris |
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retina |
2 layers; outer pigmented layer, inner neural layer; contains rods and cones |
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optic disc |
(blind spot) where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball |
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lacrimal sac |
provides passage of lacrimal fluid towards nasal cavity |
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function of the lacrimal apparatus |
protects, moistens, and lubricates eye, and empties into nasal cavity |
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properties of lacrimal fluid |
dilute salt solution(tears), contains antibodies and lysozyme |
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schlera |
white of the eye |
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layers of the eye |
fibrous (outside) layer, vascular (middle) layer, sensory (inside) layer |
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cornea |
allows light to pass through, transparent |
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choroid |
a blood rich nutritive layer in the posterior of the eye |
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ciliary body |
smooth muscle attached to lens |
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iris |
regulates amount of light entering eye, gives eye its color |
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Rods |
Night vision, most are found towards the edges of the retainer, allow dim light vision and peripheral vision |
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optic chiasma |
location where the optic nerves cross |
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optic tracts |
contains fibers from the lateral side of the eye on the same side and the medial side of the opposite side |
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eye reflexes |
internal muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system |
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pupil |
bright light causes pupils to constrict through action of radial circular and ciliary muscle |
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eye movement |
external muscles control eye movement to follow objects |
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convergence |
viewing close objects cause this,(eyes moving medially) |
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emmetropia |
eye focuses images correctly on the retina |
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myopia |
near sighted |
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hyperopia |
farsighted |
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astigmatism |
images are blurry, results from light focusing as Lines, not points, on the retina due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens |
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cones |
allow for detailed color vision, densest in the center of the retina |
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Night blindness |
inhibited rod function that hinders the ability to see at night |
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Color blindness |
genetic conditions that result in an inability to see certain colors |
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cataracts |
when lens becomes hard and opaque our vision becomes hazy and distorted |
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glaucoma |
can cause blindness due to increasing pressure within the eye |
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hemianopia |
loss of the same side on the visual cortex on one side only |
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the ear houses two senses |
hearing and equilibrium(balance) |
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ear |
divided into 3 parts; external(outer), middle(tympanic), inner(bong labyrinth) |
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colorblindness |
The result of lack of one cone type |
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cataracts |
result when the lens become hard and opaque with age |
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anterior |
aqueous segment |
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posterior |
vitreous segment |
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ophthalmoscope |
instrument used to illuminate the interior of the eyeball |
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ophthalmoscope |
can detect diabetes, arteriolosclerosis, degeneration of the optic nerve and retina |
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accommodation |
the lens must change shape to focus on closer objects <20 feet away |
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real images |
reversed from left to right, upside down, smaller than object |
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external ear |
involved in hearing only; contains the auricle(pinna), external acoustic meatus(auditory canal) |
