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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A relatively fixed, hierarchical arrangement in society by which groups have different access to resources, power, and perceived social worth is called? |
Social stratification |
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The feudal societies of Europe in the Middle ages are an example of an ? system of stratification. 1st Estate-clergy, 2nd Estate- noble king, queen, 3rd Estate-everyone else lawyers, doctors. merchants, peasants |
Estate
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The primary basis for stratification in the U.S. is? Social ranking based primarily on economic position. Occupy similar position in the economic system or production. |
Class
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In 2007, in order for a person to be in the top 400 wealthiest people in the U.S. on has to have more than? |
1.3 billion
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According to the ? perspective, the most vital jobs in society usually receive the greatest economic rewards. |
Functionalist
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Which sociology theory argues that the elite shape societal beliefs and practices in order to make their own privileges appear legitimate and fair? |
Conflict theory
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? theory emphasizes cohesion in society, while ? theory emphasizes friction between groups. |
Functionalist/Conflict
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According to the modernization theory? |
Economic development is dependent on technological change
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According to? poverty results from the dependence of low income countries on wealthy nations. Because of exploitation by wealthy countries & multinational corporations based in wealthy countries. |
Dependency theory, Marxist |
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? theory explains global inequality using the characeristics of individual nations; ? Countries are CONNECTED by expansion of a CAPITALIST world economy made up of core, semiperiphery, and periphery countries.Immanuel Wallerstein |
Modernization/World systems |
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The complex system that includes a groups beliefs, values, dress, and way of life is called? |
Culture |
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The theory that language determines other aspects of culture since language shapes the way that people perceive the world is called the? |
Sapir Whorf hypothesis
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World Systems Theory |
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The early sociologist who identified two different types of norms is?
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William Graham Sumner
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? theorists are most likely to emphasize that cultural norms and beliefs integrate people into groups and create social bonds.
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Functionalist |
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Which type of theorists is most likely to emphasize that culture serves the interest of powerful group in society?
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Conflict Theory
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The theoretical perspective that examines how culture creates group identity from diverse cultural meanings is ?
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Symbolic Interaction
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Characteristics of culture?
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learned
shared symbolic taken for granted varies across time and place |
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Elements of culture?
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Norms |
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Tendency to assume that one’s own culture and way of life represents the norm or is superior to others.
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Ethnocentrism |
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The process through which people learn the expectations of society
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Socialization
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What are the agents of socialization?
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1. Family |
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The ? is a primary agent of socialization
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Family
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Agents of family socialization?
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–It is the first source of a child’s socialization. |
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? are those with whom you interact on equal terms, such as friends, fellow students, and coworkers
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Peers
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? is the process by which
different statuses develop in any group, organization, or society. |
Social differentiation
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? is a system in which a small elite group (owners of property and power) have total control over society’s resources. |
Estate
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? is a system where status is assigned based on one’s ascribed status. Hereditary rank, usually religiously dictated, tends to be fixed and immobile, uniquely Indian 4 castes: Brahmans (priests) Kshatriyas (warriors) Vaisyas (skilled traders) Sudras (Pariah) "Harijans" Unskilled workerr, untouchables, poorest of the poor |
Caste
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? is a system based primarily on achieved status; however one’s ascribed status can matter. |
Class
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Three Dimensions to Stratification?
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Class |
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? is a common term for social |
Socioeconomic status
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4 Castes |
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? is what one owns minus debts |
Wealth
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? is movement between |
Intergenerational
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? is movement within the same |
Intragenerational
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? is the amount of money needed to support the basic needs of a household.
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Poverty Line
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? is comprised those who have acquired considerable wealth within their own generation
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Nouveau Rich
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Jean Piaget believed what?
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that learning was crucial to socialization but that imagination also had a critical role
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Jean Piaget is associated with what theory?
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Social Learning Theory
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What are the mental categories that the mind organizes experiences into are? |
Schema |
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What is the first part of Charles Horton Cooley's "looking glass self"?
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how we think we appear to others |
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Young children use their senses to make discoveries
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Sensorimotor
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Children begin to use words and symbols to distinguish objects and ideas
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Preoperational
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Children engage in more logical thinking
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Concrete operational
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Adolescents became capable of sophisticated abstract thought and can deal with ideas and values in a logical manner.
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Formal operational
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What are Piaget's cognitive development stages?
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Sensormotor
Preoperational Concrete operational Formal operational |
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The two classical concepts that are associated with the work of William Grahm Sumner are?
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folkways and ethnocentrism.
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? is the psychological state in which an individual holds a proposition or premise to be true.
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Belief
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