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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Cultural Diffusion?
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The spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another.
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What is culture shock?
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The disorientation that people experience when they come in contact with a fundamentally different culture and can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted assumpytions about life.
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What is New Technology?
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The emerging technologies of an era that have a significant impact on social life.
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What are values?
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The standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable; good or bad, beautiful or ugly.
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What is Pluralistic Society?
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A society made up of many different groups
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What are Norms?
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The expectations or rules of behavior that develop out of values
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What are the core values?
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1. Achievement & Success
2. Individualism 3. Activity & work 4. Efficiency & Practicality 5. Science & Technology 6. Progress 7. Material Comfort 8. Humanitarianism 9. Freedom 10. Democracy 11. Equality 12. Racisim & group superiorty 13. Education 14. Religiosity 15. Romantic Love |
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What are sanctions?
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Expressions of approval or disapproval given to people for upholding or violating Norms
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What is the difference between real and ideal culture?
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Ideal Culture are the values, norms and goals that a group considers ideal; Real Culture are the norms and values that people actually follow
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What are negative sanctions?
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An expression of disapproval for breaking a norm, ranging from a mild, informal reaction such as a frown to a formal prision sentence or an execution.
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What is a value contradiction?
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Values that contradict one another; to follow the one means to come into conflict with the other.
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What is Positive Sanctions?
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A reward given for following Norms, ranging from a smile to a prize.
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What is cultural lag?
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William Ogburn's term for a situation in which Nonmaterial Culture lags behind changes in Material Culture.
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What are Folkways?
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Norms that are not strictly enforced.
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What is technology?
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In it's narrow sense, tools; It's broader sense includes the skills or procedures necessary to make and use those tools
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What are Mores?
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Norms that are strictly enforced because they are thought essential to core values
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What are cultural Universals?
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A value, Norm, or other cultural trait that is found in every group.
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What is ethnocentrism?
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The use of one's own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other individuals or societies, generally leading to a negative evaluation of their values, norms and behaviors.
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What is Cultural Leveling?
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The process by which cultures become simular to one another, and especially by which Western Industrial Culture is imported and diffused into industrializing nations.
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What are the componets of symbolic culture?
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1. Symbol- something to which people attach meaning and then use to communicate with others.
2. Gestures- The way in which people use their bodies to communicate with one another. 3. Language - A system of symbols that can be combined in a infinate number of ways and can represent not only objects but also abstract thought. |
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What is a value cluster?
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A seriers of interrelated values that together form a larger whole.
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What is cultural relativisim?
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Not judging a culture, but trying to understand it on its own terms.
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What is the difference between Sub and Counter Cultures?
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A subculture is a group whose values and related behaviors distinguish it's members from a general culture. A counterculture holds values that stand in opposition to those of the dominate culture.
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What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?
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Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf's hypothesis that language creats ways of thinking and perceiving.
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What is Culture?
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The language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors and even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next.
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What are the types of culture?
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Material culture and Nonmaterial culture, Ideal culture and real culture
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