Soc 111 Chapter 3

Front 1

beliefs

Back 1

shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture.

Front 2

counterculture

Back 2

subculture created as a reaction against the values of the dominant culture.

Front 3

cultural capital

Back 3

cultural resources that are socially designated as being worthy (such as knowledge of elite culture) and that give advantages to groups possessing such capital.

Front 4

cultural diffusion

Back 4

the transmission of cultural elements from one society or culture to another.

Front 5

cultural hegemony

Back 5

the pervasive and excessive influence of one culture throughout society.

Front 6

cultural relativism

Back 6

the idea that something can be understood and judged only in relationships to the cultural context in which it appears

Front 7

culture

Back 7

the complex system of meaning and behavior that defines the way of life for a given group or society.

Front 8

culture lag

Back 8

the delay in cultural adjustments to changing social positions.

Front 9

culture shock

Back 9

the feeling of disorientation that can come when one encounters a new or rapidly changed cultural situation.

Front 10

dominant culture

Back 10

the culture of the most powerful group in society.

Front 11

ethnocentrism

Back 11

the belief that one's in-group is superior to all out-groups.

Front 12

ethnomethodology

Back 12

a technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy.

Front 13

folkways

Back 13

the general standards of behavior adhered to by a group.

Front 14

global culture

Back 14

diffusion of a single culture throughout the world.

Front 15

language

Back 15

a set of symbols and rules that, put together in a meaningful way, provides a complex communication system.

Front 16

law

Back 16

the written set of guidelines that define what is right and wrong in society.

Front 17

mass media

Back 17

channels of communication that are available to very wide segments of the population.

Front 18

material culture

Back 18

the objects created in a given society - it's buildings, art, tools, toys, print and broadcast media, and other tangible objects.

Front 19

mores

Back 19

strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior.

Front 20

multiculturalism

Back 20

modes of thinking that view society through the plural experiences of its diverse membership.

Front 21

nonmaterial culture

Back 21

the norms, laws, customs, ideas, and beliefs of a group of people.

Front 22

norms

Back 22

the specific cultural expectations for how to act in a given situation.

Front 23

popular culture

Back 23

the beliefs, practices, and objects that are part of everyday traditions.

Front 24

reflection hypothesis

Back 24

the idea that the mass media reflect the values of the general population.

Front 25

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Back 25

a theory that language determines other aspects of culture because language provides the categories through which social reality is defined and perceived.

Front 26

social sanctions

Back 26

mechanisms of social control that enforce norms.

Front 27

subculture

Back 27

the culture of groups whose values and norms of behavior are somewhat different from those of the dominant culture.

Front 28

symbols

Back 28

things or behavior to which people give meaning.

Front 29

taboos

Back 29

behaviors that bring the most serious sanctions.

Front 30

values

Back 30

the abstract standards in a society or group that define ideal principles.