Skeletal System Pathology

Front 1

ankylosis

Back 1

Loss or absence of mobility in joint (ankyl-crooked, bent, osis-condition or disease)

Front 2

arthrosclerosis

Back 2

Stiffness of joints (arthr/o-joint, sclerosis-abnormal hardening)

Front 3

bursitis

Back 3

Inflammation of bursa

Front 4

chondromalacia

Back 4

Abnormal softening of cartilage (chondr/o-cartilage, malacia-abnormal softening)

Front 5

chondroma

Back 5

Slow growing benign tumor from cartilage cells (chondr-cartilage, oma-tumor)

Front 6

costochodritis

Back 6

Inflammation of cartilage connecting rib to sternum (cost/o-rib, chondr-cartilage, itis-inflammation)

Front 7

hallux valgus

Back 7

(bunion) Abnormal enlargement of joint at base of big toe

Front 8

hemarthrosis

Back 8

Blood within joint (hem-blood, arthr-joint, osis-condition or disease)

Front 9

polymyalgia rheumatica

Back 9

(PMR) Geriatric inflammatory disorder of muscles and joints characterized by pain and stiffness in neck, shoulders, upper arms, hips, thighs (poly-many, my-muscle, algia-pain)

Front 10

synovitis

Back 10

Inflammation of synovial membrane results in swelling and pain in affected joint (synov-synovial membrane, itis-inflammation)

Front 11

arthritis

Back 11

Inflammatory condition of one or more joints (arthr-joint, itis-inflammation)

Front 12

osteoarthritis

Back 12

(OA) Wearing away of articular cartilage within joints (osteo-bone, arthr-joint, itis-inflammation)

Front 13

spondylosis

Back 13

Loss of normal spinal structure and function (spondyl-vertebrae, osis-condition or disease)

Front 14

gouty arthritis

Back 14

Deposits of uric acid in joints

Front 15

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 15

(RA) Chronic autoimmune disorder in which joints and some organs are attacked

Front 16

ankylosing spondylitis

Back 16

Rheumatoid arthritis primarily causes inflammation of joints between vertebrae (ankylosing-progressive stiffening of joint)

Front 17

lumbago

Back 17

Low back pain in lumbar area of spine (lumb-lumbar, ago-diseased condition)

Front 18

spondylolisthesis

Back 18

Forward slipping of body of one of lower lumbar vertebrae on vertebra or sacrum below it (spondyl/o-vertebrae, listhesis-slipping)

Front 19

spina bifida

Back 19

Congenital defect occurs during pregnancy when spinal canal fails to close completely around spinal cord

Front 20

kyphosis

Back 20

Abnormal increase in outward curvature of thoracic spine viewed from side (kyph-hump, osis-condition or disease)

Front 21

lordosis

Back 21

Abnormal increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine (lord-bent backward, osis-condition)

Front 22

scoliosis

Back 22

Abnormal lateral curvature of spine (scoli-curved, osis-condition or disease)

Front 23

craniostenosis

Back 23

Malformation of skull due to premature closure of cranial sutures (crani/o-cranium, stenosis-abnormal narrowing)

Front 24

fibrous dysplasia

Back 24

Destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue

Front 25

ostealgia

Back 25

Pain in bone (oste/o-bone, algia-pain)

Front 26

osteitis

Back 26

Bone inflammation (oste-bone, itis-inflammation)

Front 27

osteomalacia

Back 27

Abnormal bone softening in adults (Adult Rickets) (oste/o-bone, malacia-softening)

Front 28

osteomyelitis

Back 28

Inflammation of bone marrow and adjacent bone (oste/o-bone, myel-bone marrow, itis-inflammation)

Front 29

osteonecrosis

Back 29

Death of bone tissue due to lack of blood supply (oste/o-bone, necrosis-tissue death)

Front 30

Paget's disease

Back 30

Breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation

Front 31

periostitis

Back 31

Inflammation of periosteum (peri-surrounding, ost-bone, itis-inflammation)

Front 32

Rickets

Back 32

Defective bone growth in children

Front 33

talipes

Back 33

Congenital deformity of talus (ankle bones) (clubfoot)

Front 34

primary bone cancer

Back 34

Malignant tumor originates in bone

Front 35

secondary bone cancer

Back 35

Tumors metastasized (spread) to bones from other organs

Front 36

myeloma

Back 36

Cancer in blood making cells found in red bone marrow (myel-bone marrow, oma-tumor)

Front 37

osteochondroma

Back 37

Benign bony projection covered with cartilage (oste/o-bone, chondr-cartilage, oma-tumor

Front 38

osteoporosis

Back 38

Loss of bone density and increase in porosity (oste/o-bone, por-small opening, osis-condition or disease)

Front 39

osteopenia

Back 39

Thinner than average bone density (oste/o-bone, penia-deficiency)

Front 40

compression fracture

Back 40

Bone pressed together on itself

Front 41

Colles' fracture

Back 41

Fractured wrist

Front 42

closed fracture

Back 42

Bone broken but no open wound in skin

Front 43

open fracture

Back 43

Bone broken wound in skin

Front 44

greenstick fracture

Back 44

Bone bent or partially broken found mostly in kids

Front 45

oblique fracture

Back 45

Break at angle across bone

Front 46

pathologic fracture

Back 46

Bone weakened and broken under normal strain

Front 47

spiral fracture

Back 47

Bone twisted apart

Front 48

fat embolus

Back 48

Can form when long bone fractured and fat cells from yellowbone marrow released into blood

Front 49

crepitation

Back 49

Grating sound heard when ends of broken bone move together

Front 50

callus

Back 50

Forms as bulging deposit around area of break, also is thickening of skin cause by repeated rubbing