Rspt 1340 Beachey Ch 10 Acid Base Regulation

Front 1

What is the function of buffers?

Back 1

They readily combine with H+ ions

Front 2

According to the widely accepted Bronsted-Lowry theory, what is an acid

Back 2

Any substance that donates a proton H+ to an aqueous solution.

Front 3

According to the widely accepted Bronsted-Lowry theory what is a base?

Back 3

Any substance that accepts a proton H+ removing it from solution.

Front 4

What is the ph of a chemically neutral solution?

Back 4

7.0

Front 5

Because PH is a logarithmic scale, it is anticipated that a change of one ph unit will result in what change in H+?

Back 5

Tenfold change

Front 6

What is the only volatile acid or physiological significance in the body?

Back 6

Carbonic Acid

Front 7

What are the major mechanisms responsible for maintaining a stable PH in the face of massive C02 productions?

Back 7

-Ventilation

-Isohydric buffering

Front 8

What are examples of a fixed acid?

Back 8

-Lactic acid

-Phosphoric acid

-Sulfuric acid

Front 9

What system has the greatest buffering capacity?

Back 9

HCO3

Front 10

What variables are computed by the HH equation?

Back 10

-pH

-HCO3

-PCO2

Front 11

What non bicarbonate buffer is the most important?

Back 11

Hb

Front 12

What statements are true of acid excretion?

Back 12

-The lungs excrete only volatile acid

-The lungs can excrete large quantities of C02 in minutes

-The kidneys excrete primarily fixed acids

-The kidneys remove fixed acids at a much slower pace (hours to days)

Front 13

What organs are responsible for the physical removal of H+?

Back 13

Kidneys

Front 14

What is the normal ratio of HCO3 to dissolved CO2 necessary to maintain a ph of 7.40?

Back 14

20:1

Front 15

What disturbances in tbe ph may potentially occur in patients with nasogastric suction catheters?

Back 15

Metabolic alkalosis

Front 16

What is considered a rapid compensatory mechanism to restore the ph back to normal levels in the presence of metabolic acidosis?

Back 16

CO2 elimination

Front 17

In general when a non bicarbonate buffer concentration is normal, an acute PaCO2 rise of 10MMHG will be associated with what changes?

Back 17

HCO3 rises by approximately 1 mEg/L

Front 18

In general when a non bicarbonate buffer concentration is normal, an acute PaCO2 rise of 60MMHG will be associated with what changes?

Back 18

HCO3 rises to approximately 26 mEq/L

Front 19

In general when a non bicarbonate buffer concentration is normal, an acute PaCO2 decrease of 10MMHG will be associated with what changes?

Back 19

HCO3 decreases by approximately 2 mEq/L

Front 20

A young previously healthy drug overdose victim with severely depressed ventilation enters the emergency room with the following arterial blood gasses: PH = 7.22, PACO2 = 70MMHG, HC03= 28 mEq/L. What is the acid base disturbance of this victim?

Back 20

Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

Front 21

The 2 organ systems that regulate acid base balance of the blood are the _____and the _____ .

_______acidosis or alkalosis can be countered or _______ by the actions of the________ while _______ acidosis or alkalosis can be compensated by the actions of the ______.

In both cases compensatory actions work to maintain a normal blood _____.

Back 21

The 2 organ systems that regulate acid base balance of the blood are the __lungs___and the __kidneys__ . __Respiritory__acidosis or alkalosis can be countered or __compensated_____ by the actions of the_kidneys__ while __metabolic__ acidosis or alkalosis can be compensated by the actions of the __lungs__.In both cases compensatory actions work to maintain a normal blood __pH__.

Front 22

Compensated respiratory acidosis would be characterized by a high ______(the primary problem) and a high ______(the compensatory response). Compensated metabolic (non respiratory) acidosis would be characterized by a low ______( the primary problem) and a low _____ (the compensatory responsel).

Back 22

Compensated respiratory acidosis would be characterized by a high __PaCO2_(the primary problem) and a high _HCO3_(the compensatory response). Compensated metabolic (non respiratory) acidosis would be characterized by a low _HCO3__( the primary problem) and a low _PaCO2__ (the compensatory responsel).