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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the formula for adjusting serum calcium when serum albumin is decreased? |
4 - serum albumin x 0.8 + total calcium |
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When reviewing the serum calcium level, what other lab value must be evaluated in light of a depleted serum calcium? |
Serum albumin since serum calcium is protein-bound |
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Identify the more accurate calcium lab to monitor serum calcium status in patients with hypoalbuminemia? |
Ionized calcium |
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Which hematological indices can be used to evaluate iron and protein deficiencies? |
Hemoglobin |
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Name the transport protein |
Transferrin |
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What is the half-life of transferrin? |
8 - 10.5 days |
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Who should receive nutrition assessment first: a teen boy with elective surgery or an individual with stage 3 htn? |
HTN patient |
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An elderly pt presents with serum albumin of 2.5, calcium of 11.5, and wt change of 50.5 to 53.5 kg by day 3; what could be the cause of this present condition? |
Fluid retention |
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A patient is admitted with a serum albumin of 3.7; following surgery, his albumin drops to 3.1. What could be the cause? |
This is normal. Albumin is a negative acute phase respondent. |
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The labs T3 and T4 are used to measure the function of which endocrine gland? |
Thyroid. T4 is the active form of thyroid hormone |
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A pt presents with an elevated ALT and AST. What do these labs indicate? |
Liver damage or hepatocellular disease |
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What is the best test for determining iron status? |
Evaluation of ferritin levels. |
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A pt has anemia, low RBC count, and kidney disease; what hormone is involved in this disease condition? |
Erythropoeitin |
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A pt has a rare urea disease; what will the labs show? |
An elevated ammonia level |
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Urea excretion is related to the intake of which macronutrient? |
Protein |
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Creatinine excretion is an indicator of what aspect of a patient's nutritional status? |
Muscle mass/somatic protein status |
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A1C reflects serum glucose levels for which time span? |
3-4 months; 3-4 weeks; 8-10 weeks |
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A glycosylated Hgb of 15% indicates what level of diabetes control? |
Poor control. Normal is 4 - 6%. |
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Identify 2 physical and or biochemical manifestations of kwashiorkor. |
Edema, fatty liver, 3rd spacing, and severely depleted serum protein and serum albumin |
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Identify 2 physical and or biochemical manifestations of marasmus. |
muscle and fat wasting, wizened skin, stunted growth, and TSF lass than 11% |
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Long term care pt has a MAC decreased from the 50th to the 25th percentile; a diet hx indicates she is consuming adequate protein. What nutrient is needed? |
The pt needs more calories. |
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A male pt admits to the ER with oliguria, -5% UBW, light-headedness, and poor skin turgor. What is a probably dx? |
Dehydration |
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A pt is taking the TB drug Isoniazid (INH) would require which vitamin supplement? |
Vitamin B6 |
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Why are diuretics, such as lasix and HCTZ, detrimental to a patient with hypokalemia? |
They are loop diuretics, which are potassium depleting. |
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Iron preparations should be taken before, during, or after meals? |
With meals |
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Which medication has it's range established baed on sodium so as that you must have sodium in a consistent amount?
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Lithium
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Drug-nutrient interaction for Levodopa? |
B6 |
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What is the initial medical condition dx most often in aids pts? |
Anemia |
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Major nutritionally impacted side effect of AIDS? |
diarrhea, statthorea fat malabsorption |
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Common metabolic side effect of Pentamidine used in AIDS treatment? |
Hypoglycemia |
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What is the most important hematological lab to monitor in an AIDS patient undergoing AZT treatment? |
Hematocrit |
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What is the most accurate food assessment of a cancer patient who has undergone chemotherapy? |
A calorie count |
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A patient presents with a depleted serum albumin and protein malnutrition; identify one lab parameter that could be measured to evaluate the patient? |
Creatinine height index |
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What is the 1st rxn of a pt with severe trauma? |
A hypometabolic state |
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Creatinine excretion is an indicator of what aspect of a patient's nutritional status? |
Muscle and somatic protein |
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What determines the osmolality of an enteral feeding formula? |
amino acids |
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Prolonged starvation/anorexia nervosa will bring about_________through ketone production. |
metabolic acidosis |
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AN ILEOSTOMY PT ON EN IS NOT ABSORBING FAT. What will need to be added to the feeding? |
MCT oil |
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Cystic fibrosis pts need which nutrients in greater amounts? |
Fat-soluble vitamins |
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What is recommended for a child with diarrhea? |
Electrolytes and CHO |
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Being on TPN for more than 1 week may increase risk for_______- |
bacterial translocation |
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What is the best way to assess the caloric needs of a six year old with cerebal palsy? |
assess the child's height. |
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An infant on whole milk has excessive frothy diarrhea and foul stools. What are the medical nutrition therapy recommendations for formula? |
Casein hydrosylate formula with MCT oil. |
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What is the best test to determine iron status? |
Ferritin |
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What is the possible consequence of ethanol abuse resulting from increased venous pressure to the portal system |
esophageal varices |
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State the normal cholesterol levels. Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL |
Total: below 200 Triglycerides: below 150 HDL: above 40 LDL: below 100 |