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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Elicited behavior |
respondent behavior to preceding stimulus |
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responses |
startle- loud noise orienting- rooting reflex, gaze to stimulus flexion- stove top- spinal reflex --reflex arc: sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron |
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fixed action pattern/sign stimulus |
-fixed sequence of responses, unique to an organism, elicited by specific stimulus --sign stimulus: releaser |
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habituation |
decrease in strength of an elicited response following presentation of stimulus longterm/shortterm dishabituation: reappearance of a habituated response following presentation of irrelevant novel stimulus |
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sensitization |
increase in strength of response, following repeated presentation of stimulus for a finite time period ex. dixies scared of house after horror movie |
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opponent process theory |
solomon -emotional event elicits 2 competing processes - A process: correlates closely with presence of emotional event - B process: slow to increase/decrease, accounts for why emotional responses is strongest at onset |
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classical conditioning |
one stimulus that doesn't elicit certain response's associated with 2nd stimulus that does, as a result 1st stimulus elicits response too before: food(US)--> salivation(UR) metronome(NS)-->no salivation during: metronome (NS): Food (US)-->Sali(UR) after: metronome (cs)--> salivation (cr) |
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appetitive/aversive conditioning |
- US is event organism seeks out - Us is an event organism avoids accounts for fears/anxieties |
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conditioned emotional response paradigm |
CER rats trained to engage in press lever-->food after steady rate pressing, fear cond. process initial phase: fear/stop pressing as cond. stop pressing lever too supression ratio: # cs response/total responses lower ratio: greater suppression, less responding |
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excitatory/inhibitory conditioing |
ex: conditioning in which NS is associated with CS In: Ns associated with absence of US |
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temporal arrangement of stimuli |
delayed: onset NS-->US, stimuli overlap trace: onset and offset NS-->US, no overlap simultaneous: NS & US occur simultaneously backward: US-->NS, least effective |
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acquisition |
process of developing and strengthening a CR through repeated pairings of NS and US Asymptote: max amount of cond. |
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extinction |
CR weakened/eliminated when CS presented repeatedly in absence US |
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spontaneous recovery |
reappearance of a cond. response to a CS following rest period after extinction |
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disinhibition |
sudden recovery of response during an extinction period when a novel stimulus is produced |
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stimulus generalization |
CR to occur in presence of stimulus similar to CS Semantic generalization: same thing, with language ex. fear truck, car, wheels |
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stimulus discrimination |
a response to be elicited more by one stimulus than another |
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higher order conditioning |
stimulus associated with CS, can become CS ex. wasp: sting--> fear wasp-->fear trash: wasp-->fear trash-->fear |
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sensory preconditioning |
one stimulus conditioned as CS, another stimulus which it was previously associated with can become CS -shows latent learning |
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overshadowing |
most salient of compound stimulus most readily conditioned as CS, interferes with conditioning of least salient member ex. walk through grass field, bright flowers blame alergies on flowers |
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blocking |
presence of established CS, interferes with cold of new CS |
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Latent inhibition |
familiar stimulus more difficult to condition as CS than unfamiliar stimulus ex. always eat wings, go get wings and new appetizer, get food poisoning. blame it on new app, when its really wings |
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temporal conditioning |
CS is a passage of time |
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occasion setting |
stimulus signals CS followed by US. Cr response to CS |
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external inhibition |
present novel stimulus with CS, produces decrease in CR strength -compensatory response -bees at cafe cause anxiety, violinist alleviates |
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US revaluation |
postconditioning presentation of US at different intensity levels, altering strength response to previous CS ex. metronome: large food--> strong sal metrnonome--> strong sal |
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SR/ SS model |
SR: NS becomes associated with UR and comes to elicit same response as UR Ex. dog bites, fear. see dog, fear SS: NS becomes associated with US, elicits response related to US. Ex. tone makes dog think of food-->sal |
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stimulus substituion theory |
pavlov CS acts as sub for US food-->sal light:food-->sal light-->sal |
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preperatory response theory |
purpose of CR is to prepare organism for presentation of US, allows for situation where CR doesn't equal UR ex. salivates to tone, to get ready for food |
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compensatory response model |
CS repeatedly associated with A (primary) process to a US will eventually elicit b (compensatory) process ex. heroin-->decreased BP--> Increased BP Heroin cues-->decreased BP-->increased BP Heroin cues-->increased BP |
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rescorla-wagner theory |
US can only support so much conditioning, cond. must be distributed among various CS - stronger US support more cond. |
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temperament |
how easily a certain person aquires a phobia, individual emotionality level |
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preparedness |
how easily certain phobias aquired |
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incubation |
strengthen cond. fear response as a result to brief exposure to aversive CS |
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Selective sensitization |
increase in one's reactivity to a potentially fearful stimulus, following exposure to unrelated stressful event ex. stressful divorce, minor anx about driving now huge anxiety about driving |