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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
attitude
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a feeling of approval or disapproval of a person, group, idea, or event
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audience type
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classification of an audience based on whether they are friendly, neutral or impartial, uninterested or indifferent, or hostile
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belief
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the mental acceptance that something is true even if we can't prove that it is
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demographic information
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information about audience characteristics, such as age, gender, marital status, education economic status, occupation, college major, political beliefs, religion, cultural background, and group identification
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framing
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fitting your message to the audience
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friendly audience
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an audience that has heard you speak before, has heard positive things about your, or is simply sold on your topic
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hostile audience
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the greatest challenge of an audience because they are predisposed to dislike you, your topic, or both
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instrumental value
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a guide for conduct in fulfilling terminal values
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need
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a state in which some sort of unsatisfied condition exists
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neutral or impartial audience
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an audience that considers itself objective, rational, and open to new information
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situational information
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includes audience size, memebers' general expectations about the topic, and the nature of other speeches at the event
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terminal value
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ideal states of being
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theory of reasoned action
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people rationally calculate the costs and benefits of engaging in a particular action and think carefully about how others will view the behavior under consideration
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uninterested or indifferent audience
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listeners have a short attention span and often with they were someplace else
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value
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deep-seated principles that serve as personal guidelines for behavior
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psychological information about audience
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attitudes, beliefs, values, needs
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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Physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, self-actualization needs
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alternate search engine
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use nonstandard means of sorting or ranking the Web pages it finds in a search
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Boolean operator
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OR, AND, and NOT words used in search engines
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exact purpose
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a clear, simple sentence that specifies exactly what you want your audience to gain from the speech
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keyword search
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looks for websites that contain a specific word or phrase
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paraphrasing
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putting another person's ideas into your own words
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rough-draft outline
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a brief outline of the main points of a speech and possible supporting information, which is prepared before research is begun
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search engine
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utilites or tools that search the Internet and download request information
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supporting materials
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any type or verbal or visual information used to clarify, prove, or add interest to the ideas presented in your speech
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Determing your topic
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fits the type of speech, you already know a lot about, interests you, can make interesting and valuable to your audience
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using the internet with care
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preparing for online searches, selecting a search engine, conducting effective searches, evaluating internet sources, finding quality websites
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comparison
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another type of underused supporting material that are effective in adding interest and clarifying points for your listeners
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demonstration
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uses objects or people to explain or clarify an idea
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expert opinion
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when you refer to the ideas of an expert on your topic
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explanation
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defines or gives more information about a term or topic, gives instructions on how to do something, or describes how something works or the relationship between certain items
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figurative comparison
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used for two or more items from different classes or categories
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instance
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an example or illustration that is used to clarify, add interest, and prove a point
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literal comparison
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shows similarities or differences between two or more items in the same class or category
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statistics
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often overused support. numbers used to show relationships between items
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overused supports
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explanations, statistics
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underused supports
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instances, comparisons: literal and figurative, expert opinions, fables, sayings, poems, and rhymes, demonstrations
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supports used for clarification
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explanations, hypothetical instances, figurative comparisons, fables, sayings, poems, and rhymes, demonstrations
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supports used for both clarification and proof
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statistics, factual instances, literal comparisons, expert opinions
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