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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Most common leukocyte in the blood. Granules unstained. Secrete fever inducing agent called pyrogen to help the body fight infection |
Neutrophils |
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Granules of cytoplasm and stainable (red) |
Eosinophils |
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Rarest wbc in blood, blue granules contain histamine. Plays a role in immediate hypersensitivity |
Basophils |
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Largest wbc, horshoe shape nucleus |
Monocyte |
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Developed from monocytes can grow 2-3 times its size, use for removal and engulfment of foreign particles and useless body cells or materials |
Macrophage |
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Cornerstone of the immune system:antibodies production and cell mediated immunity |
Lymphocytes |
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Set of plasma proteins whose level increases during infection to enhance host defense mechanisms |
Acute phase proteins |
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Small secreted proteins produced by cells, communication between different defense systems |
Cytokines |
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Substances that stimulate fever |
Pyrogens |
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Anti viral proteins produced by virus infected cells, alert system to prevent virys from infecting other cells |
Interferons |
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Four cardinal signs of inflammation |
Rubor(redness) Calor(heat) Tumor(swelling) Dolor(pain) |
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Ingestion of microorganisms or other matter hy cells |
Phagocytosis |
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Steps in phagocytosis |
Chemotaxis, Attachment, Ingestion, Digestion |
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Process which phagocytes are attracted to microorganisms |
Chemotaxis |
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Phagocyte adhere to microbial cell(e.g coating the microbe with plasma proteins |
Attachment |
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Pseudopods od phagocytes engulf the microorganism and enclose it in a phagosome to complete digestion |
Ingestion |
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Lysosomes fuse with phagosome to form a digestion vacuole |
Digestion |
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Immunity which always involves the production of antibodies |
Humoral immunity |
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Immunity which involves many cell types |
Cell-mediated immunity |
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Nag pa vaccine, what type of immunity |
Artificial active acquired immunity |
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Nag masakit then you got better and way na ga masakit what type of immunity |
Natural active acquired immunity |
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Antibodies produced from another person transferred to you like breastmilk |
Passive naturally acquired immunity |
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Antibodies from an immune person transferred to a susceptible person like anti rabies |
Passive artificial acquired immunity |
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Foreign substance ga stimulate production of antibodies |
Antigens |
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Type 1 hypersensitivity |
Anaphylactic shock (asthma, hay fever, lupot from food allergy) |
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Type 2 hypersensitivity |
Cytotoxic reaction-meaning cells are destroyed |
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Type 3 hypersensitivity |
Immune complex reactions |
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Number of cases of a disease existing in a given population during a specific time period |
Period prevalence |
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Is the number of cases of a disease existing in a given population at a particular moment in time |
Point prevalence |
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Ratio of the number of people who died of a particular disease during a specified period per specified population |
Mortality rate |
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Kind of disease that occyrs only ocassionaly within the population of a particular geographic area |
Sporadic |
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Kind of disease which is always present within the population |
Endemic disease |
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Kind of disease defined as a greater than usual number of cases of a disease in a particular region within a short period of time |
Epidemic disease |
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Disease that is occuring in epidemic proportions in many countries |
Pandemic |
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Inanimate objects capable of transmitting pathogens |
Fomites |
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Number of individuals who have become ill because of a specific disease with a susceptible population |
Morbidity |