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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Eros: Life |
Survival (Food, water, air, & sex) --> Libido |
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Thanotos: Death |
Death instincts --> Aggression |
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Psychic Energy |
Fueled functions of mind (thinking, imagining, & remembering) |
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Free Association |
Relationship of one thought to the next to aid in revolving unconscious --> talk therapy (psychoanalysis) |
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Dream Analysis |
Detailed examination of content & symbolism of dreams to uncover unconscious meaning |
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Manifest Content |
What we're able to remember about a dream (Literal content) |
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Latent Content |
Symbolic meaning of a dream (under literal content) |
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Parapraxes |
Mistakes in speaking/acting |
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Freudian Slip |
Mistakes n speech |
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Humor |
Unconscious urges |
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Symbolic Behavior |
Unconscious physical urges (nail biting, etc.) |
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Word Association |
Response --> Word & reaction time (speed of response) |
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Complexes/Schemas |
Emotion-laden themes from a person's life |
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Implicit Association (Attitudes Test --> IAT) |
Measuring implicit attitudes |
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ID |
Pure instinctual energy |
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Primary Process Thinking |
Decisions without rules & conscious thought --> Pleasure principle |
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Ego |
Pure instinctual energy --> Differing gratification |
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Process of Identification |
Forming emotional ties with objects |
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Secondary Process Thinking |
Cost over benefit, reason over passion |
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Superego |
Incorporates the values/morals of society |
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Topographic Model |
Unconscious mind, conscious mind, precocious mind |
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Conversion Reaction |
Physical symptoms --> Anxiety |
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Defense Mechanism |
Ego handling threatening thoughts/impulses |
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Reaction Formation |
Opposite ID impulses expressed |
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Isolation |
Mental isolation of threatening thoughts |
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Denial |
Refusal to believe or acknowledge threatening thoughts |
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Undoing |
Unacceptable behaviours of thoughts of behaviours that nullify actins |
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Projection |
Attribute of own disturbing of unacceptable impulses to another |
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Displacement |
True ID impulses expresses in more acceptable ways |
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Sublimation |
Changing ID impulses to acceptable behaviour |
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Repression |
Rejection & keeping something out of consciousness |
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Rationalization |
Reinterpretation of behaviours to hide true motivations |
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Oral Stage |
Mouth --> 0-18 months |
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Anal Stage |
Anus --> 1-3 years |
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Phallic Stage |
Genitals --> 2-5 years |
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Latency Stage |
5-Puberty --> Sublimation |
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Genital Stage |
Adulthood --> Sex |
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Bolby --> Attachment Theory |
Emotional ties with mother have impact on emotional regulation, interpersonal relations, & mental health |
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Ainsworth --> Attachment Theory |
Secure attachment, avoidant attachment, anxious-ambivalent attachment, disorganized attachment |
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Self-Concept |
Set of ideas & inferences about self (traits, social roles, schemas, etc.) --> How we feel about ourselves |
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Social Identity |
The sense of who we are |
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Individualistic Culture |
Focuses on uniqueness of the individual |
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Collectivist Culture |
Value obligation, duty, tradition, dependence --> 80% of the world |
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Positive Possible Self |
Hoped for self, important in goal setting & motivation |
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Negative Possible Self |
Feared self |
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Self-Esteem |
Amount of value placed on self, judgement/evaluation of self concept |
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Self Esteem Stability |
Variability of general self worth over time --> Stable and unstable |
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Self Esteem Clarity |
How well people know themselves |
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Self Presentation |
Acting, speaking, dressing in certain ways to convey self-image |
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Impression Management |
Regulation of public self-presentation |
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Authentic Self-Presentation |
Shown to close relationships |
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Strategic Self-Presentation |
Make self look better to gain power |
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Self-Promotion |
Individuals call attention to their accomplishments |
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Ingratiation |
Use favours/flattery to obtain attribution of likeability |
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Exemplification |
Go above what is necessary to be perceived as hardworking |
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Intimidation |
Project power |
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Supplication |
Present weaknesses to receive compassion |
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Self-Monitoring |
A personality trait --> Extent that people are aware and manage their self-presentations, expressive behaviours, and nonverbal behaviour |
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Genotype-Environment Interaction |
Genotype responds differently to environment |
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Genotype-Environment Correlation |
Genotype is exposed differently to environment |
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Heritability (h^2) |
Amount of observed individual difference in some characteristic --> Gene difference |
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Environmentality (e^2) |
Extent to which observed individual differences can be traced to individual environment differences |
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Shared Environment |
Aspects of a family environment |
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Nonshared Environment |
Experiences that relatives have made different |
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Epigenetics |
The study of biological mechanisms that switch genes on & off |
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Exons |
Coding regions |
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Intons |
Noncoding regions |
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Positional Cloning |
Cloning a gene |
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Dialectic System |
Way of thinking --> Contradictions are viewed as higher truth |
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Central Nervous System (CNS) |
Brain, spinal cord |
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
Somatic nervous system, automatic nervous system (sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous systems) |
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Computerized Tomography (CT) Scan |
Computerized x-ray |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
Magnetic field & radio waves (brain tissues) |
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Cortical stimulation |
Electrical brain stimulation |
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Electroencephalography (EEG) |
Brain wave patterns |
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Evoked Potentials (EP) |
Activity in brain in response to stimulation |
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Postilion Emissions Tomography (PET) Scan |
Radioactive tracer |
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imagining (fMRI) |
Detect changes in blood oxygen and flows |
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Neurotransmitters |
Chemicals released by neurons to excite next neuron --> Adrenaline, Epinephrine, Dopamine, Serotonin |
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Stress Hormones |
Increased blood flow to muscles by increasing heart rate and blood pressure --> Adrenaline, Epinephrine |
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Gray (Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory --> RST) |
Personality differences related to differences to responses to word via brain system functioning |
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Fight-Fright-Freeze System (FFFS) |
Reactions to threats |
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Behavioural Approach System (BAS) |
Rewards |
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Behavioural Choice System (BIS) |
Choice-amongst alternatives |
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Neurological Correlations of Personality |
Differences between expression of emotions and responses to emotions |
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Sensation Seeking |
Willing to take risks |
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Sensation Seeking Scale (Zukerman) |
Impulsive, neroticism-anxiety, aggression-hostility, sociability, activity |