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139 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The only neuropsychological syndrome for which antiviral therapy is likely to be helpful
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AIDS- related dementia
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Damage to the temporal lobes of the brain is most likely to result in
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forgetfulness
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Drugs used to treat enuresis are thought to
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decrease the deepest stage of sleep
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Which of the following is a possible explanation for the seeming lack of emotion in autistic children?
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They have a lack of social understanding
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5. Brad has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The disorder began around age 12 and is characterized by disobedient and hostile behavior toward authority figures. What aspect of this case is unusual?
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It is unusual for the onset of ODD to occur at age 12
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Which of the following is most likely to be used in the treatment of mutism
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Family therapy
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Delirium is thought to be more common in elderly due to
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Normal age-related changes in the brain
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Before the accident, Bob was unemployed and had few friends. Lionel, who had comparable head trauma, was a successful businessman and had just married. Which of these men should have the more favorable outcome and why?
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Lionel, because he is more likely to be motivated to recover
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ADHD
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is the most frequent psychological referral to mental health facilities.
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Childhood anxiety disorders are associated with all of the following except
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a deficit in conditionability to aversive stimuli.
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The most common cause of dementia is
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degenerative brain disease.
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Favorable outcomes following a traumatics brain injury are associated with all of the following except
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being young
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Late-onset Alzheimer's disease has been lined to a gene on Chromosome
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19
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Suddenly, Lavinia is unable to remember what she was doing. She screams that bugs are crawling all over the walls. She begins to wildly swing her arms around. She can't fall asleep at night, but finally falls asleep at daylight. Lavinia most likely has
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delirium
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It is suspected that June is in the early stages of Alzheimer's Disease. Which of the following symptoms would suggest this?
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Social Withdrawal
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Caregivers of patient's with Alzheimer's
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Are at extraordinary high risk for depression
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The text presented a case study of a retired man who was hospitalized by his wife and son. He was typical of many patients with Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type in that
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he had good memory for remote events but no memory for events that just occurred.
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Which of the following statements about the brain is true?
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The skull is designed to support as much as 2 tons of weight
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The most common cause of dementia is
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Alzheimer's Disease
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Most cases of early onset Alzheimer's appear to be caused by
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one of several rare genetic mutations
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Which person is least likely to have a good recovery from moderate brain injury?
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Paul, who was severely depressed
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Anosognosia is an inability to
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make realistic self-appraisals.
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Mild brain injuries
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usually produce long term, minor problems particularly in older people.
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When a closed-head injury occurs
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the damage is the result of the brain colliding with the skull
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The terms functional and organic are no longer found in the DSM. Functional was previously used to indicate a blank origin while organic was used to refer to brain damage of with a(n) blank cause
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Psychological; biological
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Which of the following is not a cause of traumatic brain injury?
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vitamin deficiency
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All of the following are tested for in a mental status except
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mood
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Divorce, hostility, and lack of monitoring are family characteristics most closely associated with
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conduct disorder
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Childhood depression is likely to persist because
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an attributional style is adopted that maintains a negative mood state.
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What is the advantage of using Pemoline to treat ADHD instead of Ritalin?
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Pemoline has fewer side effects
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Autism is similar to schizophrenia in its
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impact on multiple functions
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All of the following are risk factors for ODD and conduct disorder except
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childhood obesity
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As asymmetry in brain development has been hypothesized to be a cause of
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learning disabilities
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Juliet is a depressed child. When she wins a prize at school for her art project, how is she likely to explain it?
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I got lucky.
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A crucial aspect of developmental psychopathology is understanding individual maladaptation
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in the context of normal developmental changes
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Which of the following both protects children from environment, but also makes them more vulnerable?
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dependence on adults
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Delirium
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is usually reversible
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Early onset Alzheimer's affects people in their
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40s.
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Which of the following statements about Alzheimer's is true?
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The specific symptoms vary considerably from patient to patient and from day to day for the same patient
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Delirium is thought to be more common in the elderly due to
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normal age-related changes in the brain
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Among children, the most commonly diagnosed disorders are
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ADHD and separation anxiety disorders
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Which of the following is most likely to be characteristic of a physically aggressive Alzheimer's patient?
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delusions of persecution
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As a camp counselor you are surprised when you hear that one of your young campers takes a hormone replacement drug intranasally to treat a psychological disorder. This disorder is most likely
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enuresis
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The brain begins to decrease in size at age
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18
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Which of the following would someone with amnestic syndrome NOT be able to do?
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tell you who they met 5 minutes ago
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After the car accident, Sherry was unable to remember what happened from the time of the crash until the following morning. Sherry appears to have experienced
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anterograde amnesia
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"Confabulation" is a term for
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the making up of events that amnestic patients so to fill in gaps in their memories.
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The text presented a case study of a retired man who was hospitalized by his wife and son. He was typical of many patients with Dementia of the Alzheimer's typr in that
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he had good memory for remote events but no memory for events that just occurred.
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Phenias Gage had a
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penetrating head injury
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The most common cause of delirium is
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drugs
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What child below best illustrates the typical child with functional encopresis?
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A 7-year old boy who soils himself when under stress.
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Microcephaly and macrocephaly have what in common?
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They involve alterations in head size and shape
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With respect to how they function in relationships, an individual with mild mental retardation is most comparable to
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an adolescent
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The most effective medical treatment for Tourette's syndrome is
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neuroleptics such has haloperidol
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Which of the following is NOT a subtype of ADHD found in the DSM?
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Inattentive/Impulsive type
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You are convinced that your grandmother has Alzheimer's. How can your doctor confirm your diagnosis?
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by ruling out all other potential causes of dementia
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Which person is least likely to have a good recovery from brain injury?
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Paul, who was severely depressed
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Blank is to antisocial personality disorder as blank is to conduct disorder.
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Conduct disorder; ODD
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What is affected in amnestic syndrome?
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the ability to recall something that happened minutes ago.
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Effective treatments for conduct disorder usually involve
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parental participation
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Delirium is to dementia as blank is to blank
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acute; chronic
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What types of delusions are most commonly seen in Alzheimer's?
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delusions of persecution
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Damage to the temporal lobes of the brain is most likely to result in
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forgetfulness
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It has been observed that if a woman gives birth to a child with Down Syndrome before the age of 35 she has an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's. Which of the following best explains this observation?
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A genetic mutation that increases the susceptibility to Alzheimer's Disease also increases the likelihood of passing on chromosomal abnormalities.
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Which of the following is a risk factor for developing Alzheimer's?
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being a woman
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The first sign of dementia is typically
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memory problems
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Focal brain damage is most likely to be a consequence of
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stroke
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The development of conduct disorder in adolescence
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is not associated with lasting behavioral problems.
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The cohesive family model is a treatment strategy for the child with conduct disorder that
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proposes that dysfunctional interactions have served to maintain the child's problematic behavior
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Autism is similar to schizophrenia in its
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impact on multiple functions
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William is an autistic child. He is probably
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relatively withdrawn and uncommunicative
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When a closed-head injury occurs
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the damage is a result of the brain colliding with the skull
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What is the self-perpetuating cycle in conduct disorder?
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A genetic predisposition leads to a low IQ and difficult temperament, which leads to poor parenting and an insecure attachment, which leads to conduct disorder.
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Damage to the blank lobes of the brain is most associated with memory loss; damage to the blank lobes of the brain if most associated with passivity or impulsiveness.
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temporal; frontal
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The long held belief that children with Down Syndrome are especially placid and loving
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has been shown to be invalid by research
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The effects of head trauma on memory suggests that
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the process of memory consolidation can be interrupted
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Dementia in HIV
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may be due to the HIV virus directly attacking brain cells
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Which of the following is probably the most important factor in determining the function of a child who undergoes significant traumatic brain injury?
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competencies acquired before the injury
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Early onset Alzheimer's differs from other the late onset form ni that
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the progression of the disease is more rapid
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Delirium
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affects perception
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A bullet is most likely to cause
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a penetrating head injury
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A physical condition that leads to dementia is likely to be referenced
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on both Axis I and Axis III.
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A person who has experienced destruction of brain tissue may have widespread or limited behavioral deficits. The outcome depends upon all of the following except
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whether the person is male or female
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An individual with neuropsychological damage
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will not usually show manifest signs of psychopathology such as panic attacks or delusions.
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How does vascular dementia differ from Alzheimer's?
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accompanying mood disorders are more common.
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Damage to the temporal lobes of the brain is most likely to result in
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forgetfulness
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Jerry had a stoke several months ago. Among the changes his family has noticed is that he now blows up over little things, cries over minor problems and laughs at anything no matter how silly. Jerry is showing
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impairment of affective modulation
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Individuals with Down Syndrome typically show which of the following characteristics?
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They have large tongues and short fingers
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A learning disability is usually identified because
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a child shows a disparity between their actual academic achievement and their expected academic achievement.
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The incidence of Down Syndrome increases
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as the age of the parents increases.
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Children born with phenylketonuria
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appear normal
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Emotional dyscontrol and personality alterations are expected with
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frontal lobe damage
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What type of drugs are most likely to be used to inhibit the progression of Alzheimer's?
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cholinesterase inhibitors
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It is important that mental health professionals have an understanding of the effects of brain damage because
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brain damage can result in symptoms that look like psychological conditions
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Which of the following is true concerning sleepwalking disorder?
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takes place during nonREM sleep
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The development of conduct disorder in adolescence
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is not associated with lasting behavioral problems.
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It is important to do a thorough physical examination, to rule out medical problems, before diagnosing encopresis because these children often
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suffer from constipation
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A hypothetical drug that might improve the cognitive functioning of Alzheimer's patients would prabably
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increase levels of acetylcholine
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Major brain damage
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sometimes causes minor changes and sometimes major ones
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Consistent with its established role in memory, neurons in the blank suffer much damage in Alzheimer's disease
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hippocampus
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Which of the following is a good example of impairment of orientation?
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Marlon, who is not sure where he is or what month or year it is
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When Mrs. Thomason experienced a stroke, a small area of her brain was deprived of oxygenated blood. This resulted in a
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focal lesion
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Delirium has a blank onset and dementia has a blank onset
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rapid onset; gradual onset
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The most common cause of traumatic brain injury is
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motor vehicle accidents
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The damage that might be caused to the brain by violent roller coasters is similar to that seen with
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a closed-head injury
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Delirium
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is usually reversible
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If the cause of dementia is organic, this will be referenced on blank. If the cause of dementia stems from self-inflicted brain damage this will be referenced on blank.
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Axis I and Axis III; Axis I
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Treatment of ADHD with drugs such as Ritalin is thought to be effective as it
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increases the ability to concentrate
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What is the relationship between oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder?
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Virtually all children who develop conduct disorder have ODD
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Studies of the effectiveness of antidepressant medication with children have
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produced inconsistent results
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ADHD
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is the most frequent psychological referral to mental health
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Cross-cultural studies of tics find that
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the average age of tic onset appears to be universal
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Currently, the cause of ADHD is believed to be
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both biological and psychological factors
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Shortly after birth, Darren's head began to grow. At age 5 a shunt was placed in his skull to drain fluid. he has seizures, trouble seeing and is mildly retarded. Darren's most likely diagnosis is
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hydrocephaly
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In order for a diagnosis of Alzheimer's to be definitively made
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brain tissue must be examined
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The neuropathology in AIDS-related Dementia
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includes generalized atrophy in the brain
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Which is the most typical example of the onset of Alzheimer's?
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When Yula's dementia became obvious, her family looked back on her behavior and realized that she had been exhibiting memory deficits.
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Which statement about separation anxiety disorder is accurate?
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The child with separation anxiety is likely to be immature and lack self-confidence
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Jenny has an IQ in the average range. However, at school she is doing very badly. She has consistently scored at 2 or more grade levels below the grade she is actually in. From this, a diagnostician would hypothesize that Jenny
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most likely has a learning disability
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An asymmetry in brain development has been hypothesized to be a cause of
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learning disabilities
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Vascular dementia
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is a result of many small strokes
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A person who has experienced destruction of the brain tissue may have widespread or limited behavioral deficits. The outcome depends on all of the following except
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whether the person is male or female
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It is important that mental health professionals have an understanding of the effect of the brain damage because
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brain damage can result in symptoms that look like psychological conditions
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Procedural memory often is intact in patients with amnestic disorder. This means
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they can still learn routines and skills and may be able to be taught tasks that will enable them to work.
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Mild to moderate diffuse brain damage is most likely to result in
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attention deficits
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Which of the following best explains why mood disorders are more characteristic of vascular dementia than of Alzheimer's?
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Subcortical areas are more affected in VAD.
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After being hit on the head, Bob experienced some retrograde amnesia. Those who were there knew this because he
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did not know what happened
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Despite studies such as by Ivar Lovaas, the overall prognosis for children with autism is
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poor
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Which behavior pattern is extremely unlikely to be found in a child with conduct disorder?
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constant worry about minor issues
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The most common childhood anxiety disorder is
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separation anxiety
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Anxiety disorders of childhood
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typically do not lead to problems later in life
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In order to make a diagnosis of selective mutism
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the child must know the lanuage
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The most common cause of traumatic brain injury is
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motor vehicle accidents
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Which of the following is probably the most important factor in determining the functioning of a child who undergoes significant traumatic brain injury?
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competencies acquired before the injury
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An individual with neuropsychological damage
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will not usually show manifest signs of psycholathology such as panic attacks or delusions.
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Research on the effects of parental depression
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suggests that parental psychopathology leads to changes in parenting behavior that has lasting effects on children.
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Someone with focal brain damage in their left hemisphere
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will have problems with processing language
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Which of the following is a possible explanation for the seeming lack of emotion in autistic children?
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They have a lack of social understanding
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Research on the families of children with conduct disorder suggest that
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Antisocial behavioral patterns may be learned
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