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187 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What "border" did the term "borderline" in borderline personality refer to?
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The behaviors exhibited by people with borderline personality disorder lie on continuum between neurotic and psychotic disorders
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Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with borderline personality disorder?
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Vacillation between overidealization and bitter disappointment.
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Barbituate withdrawal
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is more dangerous and longer-lasting than most drugs.
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Opium and heroin
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were originally used by physicians as pain relievers.
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Which of the following best explains why women tend to "not hold their booze" as well as men?
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Women metabolize their food less quickly than men
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The tension-reduction model of alcoholism
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does not explain why some excessive drinkers are able to maintain control over their drinking while others are not.
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Sam shows little emotion and is a loner. He has no social relationships other than his family, and he seems to experience little pleasure, if any. What personality disorder might Sam have?
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Schizoid
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Which statement about project MATCH is accurate?
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It showed that matching a client's personality to a form of treatment makes no difference.
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The reciprocal influence model suggests that
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it may be possible to interrupt the cycle by changing expectancies about drinking.
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Which of the following is a consequence of organic impairment resulting from long-term substance use as opposed to being a consequence of drug toxicity
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Alcohol amnestic disorder
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Carl has psychopathy. You would expect him to
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Be very interested in rewards and to continue his behavior even when the rewards don't come as often as they did.
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People find Adam difficult to be around. His behavior is unpredictable and erratic but most often is annoying to others. He doesn't seem to learn from his bad experiences, instead he keeps repeating the same mistakes over and over. His family says Adam has been like this since at least junior high school. Adam most likely has
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Personality disorder
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An example of a moderating influence would be
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The effect of time expectancy on alcohol
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Why might opiate antagonists be used in the treatment of alcoholism?
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to minimize cravings
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Early criminal behavior is most characteristic of
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antisocial personality disorder
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Transient psychotic and dissociative experiences can occur in what personality disorder?
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borderline
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Personality disorders were once known as
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characteristic disorders
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Which of the following men has an alcohol-risk personality
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Sean, who is impulsive, risk taking, and poor at planning
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A moderating variable is
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something that influences two other variables
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Which is NOT true of treating personality disorders?
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. People with both an Axis I and an Axis II diagnosis are easier to treat than people with just an Axis II disorder because they have more distress.
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Which of the following statements is true about alcohol use?
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Alcoholism increases the risk of suicide.
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In contrast to schizoid individuals, those with avoidant personality disorder
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are extremely upset by their lack of social relationships.
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Misdiagnoses are common when looking at potential personality disorders because
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many of the personality disorders share common features
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Which statement about personality disorders is accurate?
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The category is broad and encompasses behavioral problems that vary widely in form and severity.
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What core belief might explain the behavior of the individual with dependent personality disorder?
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"I am helpless."
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About half of the individuals with borderline personality disorder also qualify for a diagnosis of ________ at some time.
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a mood disorder
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Which of the following is a factor that complicates determining the causes of personality disorders?
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The high likelihood that an individual with one personality disorder may also have another
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Which of the following is true about the connection between psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder?
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Many people who have antisocial personality disorder do not have psychopathy.
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The research on the association between borderline personality disorder and childhood sexual abuse
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are problematic - the abuse most likely is occurring with other factors that might be more important.
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While the individual with ________ personality disorder appears cool and aloof, the individual with ________ personality disorder is best described as odd.
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schizoid; schizotypal
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Passing out from a high blood level of alcohol
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may actually be a safety device.
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Impaired memory and concentration, sluggishness, lack of motor coordination, and brain damage are side effects associated with excessive use of
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sedatives.
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Tom tells you that he can make his roommate take out the trash by simply thinking about his roommate doing it. He agrees with you that this could sometimes just be a coincidence, but he seems to truly believe he can sometimes get people to do things just by thinking about it. You find him understandable when he talks, but sometimes hard to follow. His clothes are messy and don't match. Tom tells you not to tell anyone about his power, because he knows that other people don't like him because they are jealous and they would hurt him if they could. The best diagnosis for Tom is
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schizotypal personality disorder.
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Hope believes that she is the "star" of her graduate class and that the other students dislike her because they are jealous of her superior intelligence. She believes that she is entitled to be exempted from an important exam because of her outstanding performance in class. Hope probably suffers from
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Narcissistic personality disorder
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Problematic drinking behavior commonly develops during
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crisis periods in a marriage or other intimate personal relationship.
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Why does it make sense to view addiction as a mental disorder?
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The symptoms reflect behaviors that involve the pathological need for a substance.
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Children of mothers who use crack
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are at risk for being mistreated by their mothers.
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Observed changes in drinking patterns suggest that in the future
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38. b. the ratio of male to female problem drinkers will decrease.
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________ personality disorder is much more common in men than women and involves the exploitation of others without remorse.
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Antisocial
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The central problem of schizoid personality disorder is
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an inability to form attachments to other people.
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Transient psychotic symptoms are often seen in which of the following personality disorders?
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Schizoid and paranoid
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The single best word for the person with paranoid personality disorder is
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mistrustful
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The fear of what is a common issue for dependent and borderline personality disorders
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abandonment
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Individuals with schizoid and paranoid personality disorders differ significantly in their
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level of emotionality
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What personality disorder is much more common in men than women and involves the exploitation of others without remorse
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antisocial
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Both a lack of parental indulgence and parental overindulgence have been proposed as explanations for what personality disorder?
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narcissistic
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A lack of parental indulgence of a child's overconfidence might play a causal role in what personality disorder?
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narcissistic
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Which of the following is most likely to be mistaken for schizophrenia?
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schizotypal
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The individual with avoidant personality disorder is unlikely to develop lasting relationships as a result of their
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fear of rejection
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Which of the following differentiates the borderline from antisocial personality?
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self-injurious behavior
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Like many individuals with personality disorders, individuals with histrionic personality disorder are rarely able to maintain relationships overtime. Why?
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their need for attention is likely to drive others away
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Which is NOT part of the clinical picture in antisocial personality and psychopathy?
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careful planning of future activities that will help their families
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Which best accounts for why women are more likely to be diagnosed with histrionic than men?
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the symptoms tend to be exaggerations of traits normally seen in women
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Which of the following is NOT a cluster B personality disorder?
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depressive
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Which best explains why it is such a challenge to treat personality disorders?
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by definition they are enduring patterns of thought and behavior
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Which of the following is most typical of the IP attitudes and behaviors of someone with antisocial personality disorder?
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cruel and callous exploitation of others for personal gain
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The behaviors and patterns of individuals with personality disorders
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are thought to be relatively consistent over time, with little adaptation to new kinds of experiences
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Which personality disorders may be mistaken for anxiety disorders?
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Cluster C
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Which is most typical of the I{ attitudes and behaviors of someone with histrionic personality disorder?
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repeated manipulation of others to gain attention
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Unlike the person with paranoid schizophrenia, the person with paranoid personality disorder
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experiences, at worst, transient psychotic symptoms
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Hope believes that she is the "star" of her graduate class and that others dislike her because they are jealous of her superior intelligence. She probably suffers from
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narcissistic personality disorder
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The "clusters" of personality disorders found in the DSMIVTR are grouped based on
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symptom similarities
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John has a great need for order and perfection. What personality disorder does this suggest?
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OCD
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Why does the person with OCPD have problems in IP relationships?
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they have no time for relationships
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The histrionic seeks blank, while the narcissist seeks blank.
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attention; admiration
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Which statement about personality disorder is accurate?
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the category is broad and encompasses behavioral problems that vary widely in form and severity
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Personality disorders were once known as
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character disorders
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Involvement in an abusive relationship would be most expected of the individual with blank personality disorder
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dependent
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According to the DSMIVTR, which must be true for a diagnosis of a personality disorder?
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the patient's behavior must not be explained by the presence of another disorder
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After a single date, Glenn believed that Sam loved her and that she could not live without him. When he told her he did not want to she her again, she became violently angry and manipulated him to stay with her by threatening suicide. She probably has
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borderline
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James has 2 alcoholic parents. Research suggests that his risk for alcoholism is
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greater than if he had one alcoholic parent
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Emotional immaturity, low frustration tolerance, impulsivity, and aggressiveness are characteristics of
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the pre-alcoholic personality
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Which statement about alcohol abuse disorders an other psych disorders is accurate?
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the personality disorder is most often associated with alcohol abuse is antisocial personality disorder
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One of the most frequent causes of divorce in the US is
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excessive alcohol use
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The most effective approach to alcohol treatment appears to be
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a multidisciplinary approach that may also involve intensive treatment in an inpatient setting
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Relapses and continued deterioration after treatment for alcohol abuse are generally associated with
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a lack of close relationships with family or friends
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Drug abuse and dependence are most common in what age group and in what type of community
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adolescence and young adulthood; economically depressed communites
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About 100 years ago, the drug blank was hailed as a cure for morphine addiction; today the drug blank is used to treat people with heroine addiction
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heroin; methadone
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A person who has just "mainlined" heroine will experience
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a euphoric spasm that lasts for about one minute
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Which of the following statements about opiate addiction is true?
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addiction involves both tolerance and withdrawal
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Withdrawal from heroine
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is not always a very painful and sometimes dangerous process
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Judd is ready to begin treatment for heroin addiction. Which offers the best chance of success?
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Methadone in combination with psychoterapy
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What is buprenorphine?
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A new medication that is an equally effective sub for methadone but with fewer side effects and no withdrawal symptoms when discontinued.
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Unlike opiates, cocaine
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stimulates the cortex of the brain and induces excitement and sleeplessness
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Impaired memory and concentration, sluggishness, lack of motor coordination, and brain damage are side effects associated with
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barbiturates
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An involuntary reoccurrence of perceptual distortions can occur weeks or months after taking a particular drug. This phenomenon is called blank. The drug is called blank.
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a flashback; LSD
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The hemp plant, Cannabis sativa, is the source of two psychoactive drugs:
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marijuana and hashish
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Bertha has been drinking to excess for many years. She is malnourished. This is because
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although alcohol is full of calories, it has no nutritional value; alcohol impairs the body's ability to utilize nutrients
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Dr. Tong says, "Alcohol abuse stems from a desire by the individual to bring about changes in mood, to feel less stress and to gain peer approval." These comments illustrate the blank of drinking
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sociocultural viewpoint
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The first stage in the treatment of alcoholism includes
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treating physical withdrawal symptoms
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An extensive four year follow up of treated alcoholics found that
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regardless of the treatment used, alcoholics are difficult to treat
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The abstinence violation effect is
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the effect that physiologically addicting drugs have in making continued abstinence difficult
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The most frequently cited reason given by addicts for beginning to use heroine is
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pleasure
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If Gus is like most cocaine-dependent patients, his chances of effective treatment will be reduced because
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he has severe antisocial personality disorder too
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The combination of barbiturates and blank is a potentially lethal one because each drug potentiates thee depressant action of the other
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alcohol
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The central feature of alcohol amnestic disorder
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a memory defect for recent events
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Many alcohol treatment programs now include
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biofeedback to teach individuals to reduce their alcohol cravings
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Less than 20% of the world's population consumes 80% of the world's alcohol. This 20& comes from one culture:
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European
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Janet participates in treatment program in which she receives alcohol after an intramuscular injection of emetine hydrochloride, which induces nausea and vomiting. This is designed to
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Induce aversive conditioning
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Barbituate withdrawal
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is far MORE severe than opiate withdrawal
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The central problem of schizoid personality disorder is
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an inability to form attachments to other people
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Symptoms of what Axis I disorder are present in individuals who develop ASPD?
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conduct disorder
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Helen is suspicious and doubts the loyalty of even her best friends. She is unwilling to forgive perceived insults and never forgets a grudge. She most likely has
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paranoid personality disorder
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Antisocial personality disorder differs from the other Cluster B disorders in that
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a need for approval or attention is not displayed
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Charlie has a tendency to be dramatic, emotional, and erratic. He acts impulsively and has been arrested several times. Which disorder does he most likely have?
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borderline
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Hattie has a dependent personality disorder. This means that she
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has acute discomfort when she is alone
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Conventional antipsychotics
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work by blocking dopamine receptors
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Others are needed for self definition in blank personality disorder
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borderline
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Helena has avoidant personality disorder. She is likely to
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be hypersensitive to any sign of criticism or rejection
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Once called character disorders, blank disorders stem from the gradual development of inflexible and distorted patterns of behavior.
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Personality
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Schizophrenic disorders seem to be most strongly linked genetically to blank personality disorder
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schizotypal
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Children of parents with antisocial personality disorder who were adopted into other families
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developed antisocial personality disorder at higher rates only if their adoptive parents had problems, such as marital conflict
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The individual with blank personality disorder is likely to be described as rigid and cold
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obsessive-compulsive
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Histrionic personality disorder is most likely to be diagnosed in people who
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are attention seeking and overly emotional
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Henry was a charming middle-aged man who came to the attention of authorities of bigamy charges. He had a long history of courting and supposedly marrying elderly widows, then absconding with their money.
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antisocial personality disorder
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In research studies, in addition to failing to learn avoid punishments, psychopaths
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did not show normal fear potential startle responses
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Which basic personality trait from the 5 factor model seem most important in the development of obsessive compulsive personality disorder?
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high conscientiousness and low compliance
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What basic personality traits from the 5 factor model seen most important in the development of paranoid personality disorder?
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antagonism and neuroticism
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The borderline personality disorder differs from histrionic in that
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the central role of sexuality is not present
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Tina has been using cocaine for many months. She decides to stop. She can expect
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to have depression, fatigue, disturbed sleep, and increased dreaming
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The tension reduction model of alcoholism
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does not explain why some excessive drinkers are able to maintain control over their drinking while other are not
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Why does it make sense to view addiction as a mental disorder?
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the symptoms are behavioral
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Which type of treatment for alcoholism has been found to be most effective?
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none
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Binge drinking in college
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can lead to many alcohol related health and life problems
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The main difference between borderline and anti social is that
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both exploit others but the person with borderline does it due to angry reactions to disappointment and the person with antisocial does it for gain and without guilt
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In contrast to schizoid individuals, those with avoidant personality disorder
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are extremely upset by their lack of social relationships
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Bill is an alcoholic. His wife, Marge has a lot of ready excuses she uses to explain to his boss, their friends, and their children to explain his frequent absences. This is an example of
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why treatment need to include identifying factors that may encourage drinking
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Which parenting skill or parental behavior is most associated with adolescent substance use?
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lack of monitoring the adolescent's activities
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The fear of abandonment is seen in both borderline and dependent personality disorder. A key difference is their reaction to it:
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The person with borderline gets angry, and the person with dependent becomes submissive
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The presence of psychopathy
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is the single best predictor of future violence and crime recidivism
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Which basic personality traits from the 5 factor model seem most important in the development of narcissistic personality disorder?
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low agreeableness and high fantasy proneness
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Donna has borderline personality disorder. She is in therapy, but progress is slow. Some days her therapist is the best person in the world, and other days he is the worst. This type of thinking is called
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splitting
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The individual with avoidant personality disorder behaves most similarly to someone with
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schizoid
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Who is most likely to develop antisocial personality disorder?
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a child with ADHD
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Sam shows little emotion and is a loner. He has no social relationships other than his family and he seems to experience little pleasure, if any. What might he have?
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schizoid
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The 5 factor model
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is a model of normal personality that includes an expanded description of the 5 basic personality dimensions
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What do all Cluster A disorders have in common?
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social dysfunction
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The key causal factor in borderline personality disorder seems to be
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failure to develop an articulated self-identity
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Which basic personality traits from the 5 factor model seem most important in the development of borderline?
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high impulsivity and affective instability
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Why is the use of meds for borderline controversial?
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because it is frequently associated with suicidal behavior
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Which distinguishes narcissistic from the other cluster B disorders?
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grandiosity
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According to DSMIVTR, which must be true for a personality disorder diagnosis?
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the person's behavior must cause them distress or impairment
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Loretta has a long history of first idealizing men, and then feeling they have abandoned her. Feelings of emptiness change into reckless acts of sexual promiscuity, gambling, and suicide attempts. She probably has
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borderline
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Carl has psychopathy. You would expect him to
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be very interested in rewards and to continue his behavior even when they don't some as often as they used to
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What is it that people with narcissistic are unlikely to seek treatment?
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they think they are nearly perfect and in no need of change
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alcoholic blackouts
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can occur with just moderate drinking
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Which is not a diagnosis found in the DSM?
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alcoholism
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According to the tension-reduction explanation for alcoholism
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all those who experience stress-reduction following consumption are at an increased risk for alcoholism
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Your test describes two commonly recognized psychotic reactions to alcohol. They are
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what used to be called "delirium tremens" and :Korsakoff's psychosis"
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In 2000, which of the following accounted for 16% of all drug-related emergency room admissions?
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heroin
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Why might opiate antagonists be used in the treatment of alcoholism?
|
to minimize cravings
|
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Both alcohol and barbiturate withdrawal
|
can be minimized by administering another drug
|
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One limitation on the findings of genetic influences on alcoholism is that
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there have not been enough studies of the majority of children of alcoholics (those who do not become alcoholics)
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Benzadrine is a(n)
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amphetamine
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The behavioral patterns of individuals with personality disorders
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are thought to be relatively consistent over time, with little adaptation to new kinds of experiences
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|
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According to Paris' multidimensional theory of BPD, people with high levels of impulsivity and affective instability
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are likely to develop BPD if they are exposed to trauma
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Cirrhosis of the liver
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is caused by overworking the liver trying to assimilate large amounts of alcohol
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A cognitive explanation for schizoid personality proposes that the individual with this disorder believes that
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they are basically alone
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Which is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with borderline?
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vacillation between overidealization and bitter disappointment
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Which personality traits from 5 factor model seen most important in the developments of narcissistic?
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low agreeableness and high fantasy prone
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An employee evaluation: "He takes what he wants rather than earns it. He hates routine and boredom more than anything else. Thrill-seeking and impulsive actions have gotten him fired at this job. It will get him fired at many others." What kind of disorder is this?
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psychopathy
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Which of the following is the most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with histrionic?
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repeated manipulation of others to gain attention
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Helena has avoidant personality disorder. She is likely to
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be hypersensitive to any sign of criticism or rejection
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Children of mothers who use crack
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main risk is of being mistreated by their mothers
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Concerning the cases of alcoholism
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there are probably several different patterns of causes associated with several different types of alcohol dependence
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Men who are at high risk for becoming alcoholics
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experience less stress reduction after alcohol consumption than nonalcoholic men
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Betty was admitted to the hospital in a state of withdrawal from alcohol. She was diagnosed with alcohol withdrawal delirium. She most likely showed which of the following behaviors?
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disorientation from time and place and vivid hallucinations
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Which statement about crack cocaine use is accurate?
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Chronic users develop sexual dysfunctions and a disinterest in sex
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Which basic personality traits from the 5 factor model seem most important in the development of paranoid?
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antagonism and neuroticism
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Because they are regarded as being different from standard psychiatric syndromes, the personality disorders are
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coded on Axis II
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Loretta has a long history of first idealizing men and then feeling they have abandoned her....
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borderline
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Which is not true of treating personality disorders?
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People with both Axis I and II diagnosis are easier to treat than someone with just an Axis II because they have more distress
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Involvement in an abusive relationship would be most expected of the individual with
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dependent
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The finding that temperament play a role in the etiology of personality disorders suggests that
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A susceptibility to the development of a personality disorder may be inherited
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Schizotypal disorder is
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one of the least successful to treatment
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Misdiagnoses are common when looking at potential personality disorders because
|
many of the personality disorders share common features
|
|
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Self-mutilation, such as is seen in borderline is
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done to reduce anxiety and depression
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Debbie is a salesperson at a department store.....
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passive aggressive personality disorder
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Histrionic is mostly likely to be diagnosed in people who
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are attention-seeking and overly emotional
|
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The presence of psychopathy
|
is the single best predictor of future violence and crime recidivism
|
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Cognitive therapy focuses on
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underlying dysfunctional schemas in the client's mind
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Antisocial differ from other Cluster B in that
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a need for approval or attention is not displayed
|
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Malnutrition
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may occur in alcoholics as alcohol interferes with the body's ability to use nutrients
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A moderating variable is
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something that influences the connection between two other variables
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Which is a narcotic?
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Codeine
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Which statement about alcohol problems is accurate?
|
The average life span of an alcoholic is 12 years shorter than the average citizen
|
|
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Both alcohol and barbiturate withdrawal
|
can be minimized by administering another drug
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