Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Endomysium |
Layer of areolar CT surrounding indiv muscle fibers |
|
Fascicle |
Bundle of indiv muscle fibers |
|
Perimysium |
Dense regular CT surrounds fascicles |
|
Muscle |
Formed by groups of fascicles |
|
Epimysium |
Dense regular CT surrounds muscles |
|
Tendons |
Formed from endomysium, perimysium, & epimysium that extend beyond ea muscle fiber that attach muscle to bone |
|
Order |
Muscle Fascicle Muscle fibers Myofibrils |
|
Sarcolemma |
Conducts APs Continuous w/ T-tubules |
|
Motor end plate |
Portion of sarcolemma found underneath synaptic end bulb Houses Ach receptors |
|
Motor unit |
Motor neuron and all skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
|
Muscle attachment |
Origin-nonmoving pt of attachment when muscle contracts
Insertion-moves toward origin. Majority of tension developed when muscle contracts focused here. |
|
Frontalis |
Raises eyebrow |
|
Occipitalis |
Draws scalp posteriorly |
|
Orbicularis oris |
Kissing |
|
Orbicularis oculi |
Blinking |
|
Zygomatic major |
Smiling |
|
Zygomatic minor |
Elevates upper lip, exposes upper teeth |
|
Platysma |
Depresses lower lip & mandible; tenses neck skin |
|
Temporalis |
Elevates, retracts mandible |
|
Masseter |
Elevates, protracts, retracts mandible |
|
Sternocleidomastoid |
Head rotation & flexion |
|
Rectus abdominis |
Flexes vertebral column & compresses abdomen |
|
External & internal oblique |
Rotation of trunk, flexion or vertebral column & compression of abdomen |
|
Transversus adbominis |
Coontraction compresses abdomen |
|
Erector spinae: iliocostal, longissimus, spinalis |
Lateral flex & rotate vertebral column, muscle extend vertebral column & maintain erect posture |
|
Diaphragm |
Moves down increase horizontal & vertical dimensions of thorax |
|
External intercostals |
Contraction pulls ribs up & together to expand dimensions of thorax during forced inspiration |
|
Internal intercostals |
Contraction pulls ribs down & together to decrease dimensions of thorax during forced expiration |
|
Pectoralis minor |
Depresses & protracts scapula |
|
Trapezius |
Superior- elevates scapula & clavicle & extends head Middle- adducts scapula Inferior- depresses scapula |
|
Levator scapulae |
Elevates scapula |
|
Rhomboid major & minor |
Elevates, adducts, inferiorly rotates scapula |
|
Serratus anterior |
Abducts scapula & rotates superiorly |
|
Pectoralis major |
Flexes, adducts, medially rotates arm |
|
Latissimus dorsi |
Adducts, extends, medially rotates arm |
|
Deltoid |
Abduct arm, flex, medially rotate arm, extend, laterally rotate arm |
|
Supraspinatus |
Abducts arm |
|
Infraspinatus |
Laterally rotates, adducts arm |
|
Teres major |
Extends, adducts, medially rotates arm |
|
Teres minor |
Extends, laterally rotates arm |
|
Subscapularis |
Medially rotates arm |
|
Biceps brachii |
Flexes, supinates forearm; flexes arm |
|
Brachialis & brachioradialis |
Flexes forearm |
|
Triceps brachii |
Extends forearm & arm |
|
Pronator teres |
Pronates forearm, flexes arm |
|
Flexor carpi radialis |
Flexes, abducts hand |
|
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
Flexes, adducts hand |
|
Palmaris longus |
Flexes hand |
|
Flexor digitorum superficialis |
Flexes middle phalanx, proximal phalanx & hand |
|
Flexor digitorum profundus |
Flexes distal & middle phalanges, proximal phalanx, hand |
|
Extensor digitorum |
Extends distal, middle phalanges, proximal phalanx, hand |
|
Extensor carpi ulnaris & extensor carpi radialis brevis |
Extends & abducts hand |
|
Extensor digiti minimi |
Extends proximal phalanx of little finger & hand |
|
Abductor pollicis longus |
Abducts, extends thumb & abducts hand |
|
Extensor pollicis brevis |
Extends pollicis & abducts hand |
|
Iliopsoas: iliacus & psoas major |
Flex thigh |
|
Piriformis |
Laterally rotate & adducts thigh |
|
Tensor fascia latae |
Flexes & abducts thigh |
|
Gluteus maximus |
Extends & laterally rotates thigh |
|
Gluteus medius |
Abducts, medially rotates thigh |
|
Gluteus minimus |
Abducts, medially rotates thigh |
|
Gracilis |
Adducts thigh & flexes leg |
|
Adductor magnus |
Adducts, medially rotates thigh |
|
Adductor longus |
Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh |
|
Adductor brevis |
Adducts, medially rotates, flexes thigh |
|
Quadriceps femoris: rectus femoris |
Flexes thigh & extends leg |
|
Quadriceps femoris: vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius |
Extends leg |
|
Sartorius |
Flexes leg, flexes & laterally rotates thigh |
|
Hamstring group: biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus |
Flexes leg & extends thigh |
|
Triceps surae: gastrocnemius |
Plantar flexes foot & flexes leg |
|
Triceps surae: soleus |
Plantar flexes foot |
|
Tibialis anterior |
Dorsiflexes & inverts foot |
|
Tibialis posterior |
Inverts & plantar flexes foot |
|
Fibularis brevis |
Everts, plantar flexes foot |
|
Extensor digitorum longus |
Dorsiflexes foot & extends digits 2-5 |
|
Flexor digitorum longus |
Plantar flexes foot, flexes digits 2-5 |
|
Flexor hallucis longus |
Plabtar flexes foot & flexes great toe |
|
Isometric |
No chg in muscle length Tension development |
|
Isotonic |
Tension constant while muscle length chgs |
|
Spatial summation |
Recruit/activate more motor units |
|
Temporal summation |
Increase rate action potentials propagated to muscle fibers |
|
EMG (electromyography) |
Technique used monitor electrical activity of muscle cells |
|
Ramp contraction |
|
|
Maximal voluntary contraction |
|
|
Submaximal contraction |
|