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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
FOIA
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The Freedom of information Act, lets any member of the public apply to an agency for access to unclassified documents in its archives.
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Filibuster
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Mechanism for delay in the Senate in which one or more members engage in a continuous speech to prevent the Senate from voting on a bill.
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Earmark
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Specific amount of money designated at the request of a member of Congress for a favored project, usually in his or her district.
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Pork Barrel projects
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Special projects, buildings, and other public works in the district or state of a member of Congress that he or she supports because they provide jobs for constituents and enhance the member's reelection chances, rather than because the projects are necessarily wise.
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Cloture
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A method of stopping a filibuster by limiting debate to only twenty more hours; requires vote of three-fifths of the members of the Senate.
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Oversight
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Congress's responsibility to make sure the bureaucracy is administering federal programs in accordance with congressional intent.
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Activist Judges
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Judges who are not reluctant to overrule the other branches of government by declaring laws or actions of government officials unconstitutional.
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Restrained Judges
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Judges who are reluctant to overrule the other branches of government by declaring laws or actions of government officials unconstitutional.
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Judicial Review
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The authority of the courts to declare laws or actions of government officials unconstitutional.
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Jurisdiction
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The authority of a court to hear and decide cases.
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Whips
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Members of HOR who work to maintain party unity by keeping in contact with party members and trying to ensure they vote for party-backed bills.
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Executive Orders
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Rules or regulations issued by the president that have the force of law; issued to implement constitutional provisions or statutes
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Signing Statements
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Written comments a president may attach to a law after signing it and sending it to the Federal Register for publication.
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Executive privilege
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The authority of the president to withhold specific types of information from the courts and Congress
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Writ of Habeas Corpus
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Order issued by a higher court to a lower court to send up the record of a case for review
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Appropriations
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Budget legislation that specifies the amount of authorized funds that will actually be allocated for agencies and departments to spend
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Authorizations
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Budget legislation that provides agencies and departments with the legal authority to operate
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Standing Committee
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permanent congressional committees
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Conference Committee
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committee composed of members of both houses of Congress that is formed to try to resolve the differences when the two houses pass different versions of the same bill.
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Reapportionment
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process of redistributing the 435 seats in the HOR among the states based on population changes
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Redistricting
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process of redrawing the boundaries of congressional districts within a state after a census to take account of population shifts
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Commander-in-chief
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presidents constitutional role as head of the armed forces with power to direct their use
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Chief Executive
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role the president serves as head and chief administrator of the federal bureaucracy
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War Powers Resolution
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statute enacted by Congress to limit the president's ability to commit troops to combat without congressional approval
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