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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
T or F
The Founding Fathers had a great deal to say about the nature or function of the executive branch. |
FALSE
They had little to say. |
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How are officials of various departments named?
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Nominated by the Pres. with advice and consent of Congress.
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What vice-president presided over the Senate who cast the deciding vote to break a tie, that gave the President the sole right of removal of an administration official?
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John Adams as vice-president
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Name the first department that was created?
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State Department
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Which of the departments quickly grew in the early days of the Republic?
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Treasury Department
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Name some of the duties of the early Treasury Department:
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1. collected taxes
2. managed the public debt 3. ran the national bank 4. conducted land surveys 5. purchased military supplies |
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List the 3 ways in which political power may be gathered undesirably into bureaucratic hands:
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1. growth of an administrative apparatus so large as to be immune from popular control;
2. by placing power over a governmental bureaucracy of any size in private rather than public hands; and 3. by vesting discretionary authority in the hands of a public agency so that the exercise of that power is not reponsive to the public good. |
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Name the person who thought that bureaucracy is the inevitable consequence and perhaps necessary concomitant of modernity?
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Max Weber
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Who thought that organizations tend to acquire the characteristics of those institutions with which they are in conflict, so that as government beomes more bureaucratic, private organizations-political parties, trade unions, voluntary associations-will have an additional reason to become bureaucratic as well.
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Georg Simmel
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What is the term for the view that "Work and personnel expand to consume the available resources?
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Parkinson's Law
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What is the term for the view that: "In hierarchical organizations, personnel are promoted up to that point at which their incompetence becomes manifest-hence, all important positions are held by incompetents.?
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Peter Principle
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Who expanded on the theory of the firm and developed the view that:"all bureaus expand....that bureaucrats maximize the total budget of their bureau during their tenure...hence-all bureaus are too large."
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William A. Niskanen
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T or F
The bureau has a great deal of freedom within which to seek the largest possible budget. |
True
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Why did bureaucracies grow in the first half of the 19th Century (1800s)
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By the addition to existing bureaus of personnel performing essentially routine, repetitive tasks for which the public demand was great and unavoidable.
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What was the principal problem facing enlarged bureaucracies?
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Coordinating its activities toward given and noncontroversial ends.
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In the first half of the 19th century, how is the growth of the executive branch explained?
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Expansion in size of the Post Office.
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From 1816 to 1861, what percentage of growth compared with the rest of the federal government was a result of growth of the Post Office?
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86% of the total growth in the fed. government was due to the growth of the Post Office.
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T or F
By 1894, New York had nearly 3,000 postal employees, the same number required to run the entire federal government at the beginning of the 19th century. |
True
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What agency has become the largest employer of federal civilian officials?
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The Department of Defense.
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What is the keystone of the "military-industrial complex"?
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Federal civilian employees
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What created the vast industrial machine with an interest in sustaining a high level military expenditures, esp. in research, development and acquisition?
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High-technology weapons
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AFter 1861, what influenced the emergence of additional departments such as Agriculture, Labor and Commerce?
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The interests and aspirations of particular economic groups
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T or F
The original purpose of the Ag, Labor, and Commerce departments was to subsidize and regulate industries. |
FALSE
The original purpose of the Ag, Labor, and Commerce departments was to promote, chiefly by gathering and publishing statistics and (esp. Ag) research. |
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During what era was the high water mark (highest) of bureaucratic clientelism?
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The New Deal under FDR
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What act attempted to cloak with public power a vast number of industrial groupimgs and trade associations so that the government could control production and prices in order to get the country out of the Deep Depression?
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National Industry Recovery Act
(NIRA) |
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T or F
The Supreme Court rendered that the wholesale delegation of public power to private interests was declared unconstitutional. |
True
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What department provides the leading amount of clientelism?
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Agriculture Department via subsidies, expenditures, loans,
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What are the chief clients of federal domestic expenditures?
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State and local government agencies
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Name a federal government program that is administered by the states?
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Welfare
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T or F
The cities are the principal client group for grants-in-aid. |
FALSE
The states are the principal client group for grants-in-aid. |
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After the 1960s, Congress and the President directed that federal government spend money on what?
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1. Poverty
2. Ecology 3. Planning |
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T or F
Federal money has increasingly been spent in ways that have created clients |
True
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What was the term Madison assigned to the concept of a society "broken into many parts, interests and classes of citizens.?
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Multiplicity of interest
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How did Madison envision a protection against a tyranny of the majority?
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A coalition of a majority , the rights of all would be protected because in a freee society such a coalition ...."
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T or F
What was created in the name of the common good is sustained in the name of the particular interest. |
True
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What makes it difficult to overcome objections and contrary interests sufficiently to permit the enactment of a new program or creation of a new agency
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The regime of separated powers
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T or F
The regime of separation of powers works to protect agencies, once created, from unwelcome change. |
True
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T or F
Madisonian system makes it relatively easy for the delegation of public power to private groups to go unchallenged and, therefore for factional interests that have acquired a supportive public bureaucracy to rule without submitting their interests to the effective scrutiny and modification of other interests. |
True
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