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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Theaggregate of attitudes and opinions held by the public on significant issues, the election or political personalities as reported by gallup or cnn is called___
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Public opinion
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The tendency of survey respondents to provide socially acceptable answers to questions is called____
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Halo Effect
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The halo effect leads to an___
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underestimation of the true extent of prejudice and support for pornography and obscenity as individual respondents minimize such beliefs and values
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The low level of political knowledge, combined with weak or nonexistent opinions, often produces___
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Inconsistent responses in public opinion polls from one survey to the next-thereby making surveys potentially unreliable
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Issues about which an individual has strongly held opinions are called
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Salient issues
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The learning of political values, beliefs, and opinions throughout one's lifetime is referred to as
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Political Socialization
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The first and probably most important agent of political education in a child's life is the___
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family
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A child's party identification is usually consistent with the party identification of ____
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Parents
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Students with less than a high school degree tend to have ___, which is probably a result of the way public education is organized and operated.
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More authoritarian and less democratic values and beliefs
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People tend to be more tolerant, more supportive of democratic values and generally more likely to participate in the political system as they ___
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obtain more education
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In today's society, the major source of political information (stories on political candidates, the presidential campaign, international events, etc) for the vast majority of citizens is__
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Television
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A fairly consistent and integrated set of principles or attitudes about the role of government in society (liberal or conservative) is known as
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Political ideology
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People who generally favor governmental efforts to reduce income inequalities and to improve the positions of minorities are described as__
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liberal
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The differences of opinion between men and women on issues and candidates is referred to as the ____
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Gender Gap
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African Americans generally____
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Support a more positive role for government in reducing inequality as well as support affirmative action while opposing the death penalty and military involvement in Vietnam
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African Americans generally...
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Support a more positive role for government in reducing inequality as well as support affirmative action while opposing the death penalty and military involvement in Vietnam.
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The differences of opinion between men and women on issues and candidates is referred to as the...
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Gender cap
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Americans under the age of 35 generally get their information regarding political candidates from...
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late night talk shows (letterman, leno, John Steward)
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___ are the product of beliefs and values that one acquires throughout life
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Attitudes
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President Reagan's use of flags and symbolic images in his speeches reflect the modern Politician's recognition of the importance of...
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How one says something or more importantly how something is viewed by the public.
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Which of the following is not an example of a voluntary social group?
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Race
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Which of the following is listed as a function of the media:
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Agenda setting, political socialization, influencing opinions.
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Prior to 1960, African Americans were more likely to vote____, but since 1960 it is a safe prediction
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Libertarian, Democrat
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Public opinion questions worded in such a way as to move or direct the respondent to support a position or vote for a particular candidate is a...
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Push poll
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___occurs when the media decides what will be discussed by the public and defines the problems and issues to be addressed by politicians.
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Agenda Setting
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Currently in the United states, the networks (bcn, abc, cbs) are owned by...
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Large corporations such as Disney and Viacom
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The ___ ratings estimate the number of households watching particular television programs and are used in determining advertising rates.
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Nielsen
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Which of the following does not contribute to political socialization?
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Political conditions
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Which of the following religious denominations has traditionally been more likely to vote republican?
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Protestants
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The business or primary goal of the media is to...
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gather mass audiences to sell advertisers.
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Journalistic exposes of corruption, wrongdoing, or mismanagement in government, business, and other institutions of society has become known as...
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muchraking or investigatory journalism
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It is argued that political views of journalists on the major networks and newspapers tend to be more ___ than___
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Liberal, conservative
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The one area of the media where conservative opinions seems to prevail and in fact seem to dominate is ____
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talk radio
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In modern elections, the principal link between candidates and the voters is....
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the media
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The ___requires that individuals be given the right to respond to personal attacks or allegations of wrongdoing...
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Right of rebuttal
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The media strongly influence the early selection of candidates by creating...
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name recognition
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Media coverage of electoral campaigns that concentrates on who is ahead and who is behind, and neglects the issues at stake is called...
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horse race coverage
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Not only does media's sorting out of candidates influence the voters, but more importantly influences thereby forcing some candidates to drop out of the race.
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Financial contributors
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The winner of the ___ primary quickly becomes the media designated front runner and recipient of major media attention.
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New Hampshire
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Which of the following events is believed to have been shaped by media coverage?
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Civil rights movement, Watergate, Vietnam War.
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a ___ is a television network where news and programming targets a specific audience
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News or media enclave
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Governments attempt to promote a sense of ___ which is a belief that a nation and its people are somehow different and "better" than others based on their collective history, national myths, and national exploits.
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Nationalism
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The ___ was established in 1934 to allocate broadcast frequencies and license stations
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Federal communications commission
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Unlike newspapers and magazines, broadcasters must be...
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licensed and subject to renewal
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The FCC requirement that broadcasters who sell time to an political candidate must make equal time available to opposing candidates at the same price is called the ___
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Equal time rule
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Writings that are false and malicious and intended to damage an individual are called...
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Libel
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Oral statements that are false and malicious and intended to damage an individual are called...
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slander
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Public officials do not have a right to recover damages for false statements unless they are false, cause damages, and are
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made with malicious intent or reckless disregard of the truth
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A number of states have passed laws protecting reporters from being forced to reveal their sources; these laws are called....
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Shield laws
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Mentally screening out information or opinions with which one disagress is called....
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selective perception
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What impact, if any, does the media have on changing or influencing public opinion?
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The media reinforces opinions and attitudes rather than changing them.
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According to maslow's hierarchy of needs, the first needs that must be satisfied are physiological needs, which includes:
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Food and shelter
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Erich from the author of ____ in which he examines the question of whether man truly wants to be free or prefers to be led by authoritarian leaders.
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Escape from freedom
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___, the Czech poet/playwright, argued that Czechoslovakians did not resist soviet domination because they feared their totaliarian leaders.
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Vaclac havel
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Studies of child rearing practices suggest that ___ may contribute to the development of authoritarian personalities.
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Corporal punishment
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___are the most conservative of the religious groups and are now among the most likely to vote republican
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protestants
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Prior to 1964, the ____ was solidly democratic but has become more likely to vote republican since the campaign of 1964 when barry goldwater was the nominee of the republican party
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West (california, oregon, washington)
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The appropriate sample size for a public opinion poll is...
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1000-1500 respondents from the population being studied.
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In ____, the US supreme court permitted the FCC to control the content of broadcasts if the broadcast was found to be offensive.
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FCC vs. Pacifica Foundation
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_____ ratings are used to determine the number of radio listeners for purposes of determining advertising rates.
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Arbitron
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in 2004, ))) reported a number of documents suggested that george w bush avoided his duties during his tenure in the national guard during the Vietnam war, but these documents later were proven to be forgeries leading to an internal investigation of the network.
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Peter Jennings
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In the case of ___, the newspaper was allowed to publish government documents pertaining to the Vietnam war over the government's objections
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NY times vs US
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Which of the following is not an example of a conservative talk show host
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Al Franken
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Which president began using radio to give "fireside chats" to speak to the american people?
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Teddy Roosevelt
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Who said to be the most trusted newsman of time?
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Tom Brokaw
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Which of the following televised presidential debates is believed to have altered the course of the election....
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Kennedy-nixon debate.
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