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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
CNS
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Brain & Spinal Cord
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PSN
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Nerves
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CSN Glial Cells
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ependymal cells
Astrocytes Microglia Oligodendrocytes |
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PNS Glial Cells
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Schwann Cells
Satelite Cells |
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Efferent Neurons
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Motor
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Afferent Neurons
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Sensory
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Anterograde
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cell body to axon terminal
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Retrograde
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axon terminal to cell body
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Nodes Of Ranvier
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section of unmyelinated axon membrane between 2 schwann cells
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Nernst Equation
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describes the membrane potential that would result if the membrane were permeable to only one ion
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Nernst Equation
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61/Z (LOG) [ion] out/ [ion] in
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Goldman-hodgkin Equation
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calculates the membrane potential that results if all ions that can cross the membrane
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Goldman-hodgkin Equation
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Vm = 61 log x Pk[k+]out + PNa[Na+]out + PCl-[Cl-]in/ Pk[k+]in + PNa[Na+]in + PCl[Cl-]out]
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Potassium
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the only permeable ion
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2 Gates
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Sodium-Voltage Gated Channels
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Sodium Activation Gate
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M3
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Sodium InActivation Gate
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H
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Potassium Voltage Gate
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N4
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At rest
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M3-closed
H-open N4- closed Leaky K Gates: open |
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Upstroke
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M3- open
H-open N4- closed |
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Peak
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M3-open
H-closed N4- begin to open |
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De-Stroke
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M3-open
H- closed N4- open |
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Undershoot
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M3
H N4 ALL CLOSED |
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Absolute Refractory
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the point where the channels are all closed
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2 things that cause a fast AP
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Myelin: changes in voltage
Diameter: surface area |
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7 classes of Ligands (neurotransmitters)
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Acetylcholine
Amines Amino Acids Peptides Purines gases lipids |
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Acetylcholine
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-Synapse with Muscles
-Long termed memory storage |
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Amines
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-sleep/wake
-short term memory storage -stress |
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amino acids
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-easily pass through blood brain barrier
-proteins |
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peptides
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the natural high
addictive |
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gases
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nitric oxide
getting neurotransmitter to block memory |
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lipids
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blood brain barriers
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2 ach is enough to activate.......
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1 receptor
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Amines what are the 4
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Histamines
serotonin dopamine (DA) norepinephrine |
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Dopamine (DA) (Amines)
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supreses unwanted behavior
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Norepinephrine (NE) (Amines)
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short term memory
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Epinephrine (E) (Amines
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flight of fight
stress. |
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serotonin (Amines)
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sleep/wake cycles
depression |
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Glutamate (Amino Acid)
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Primary exhibitor of neurotransmitter of the CNS
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GABA (Amino Acid)
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Inhibitor in the brain
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Glycine (Amino Acid)
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Inhibitor in the Spinal Cord
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Purines
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AMP & ATP
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EPSPs
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Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential
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What is EPSPs?
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the synaptic potential is depolarizing
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IPSPs
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Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential
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What is IPSPs
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the synaptic potential is hyper-polarizing
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Long Termed Potential
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Memory and Learning 3 days!
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Long Termed Potential Amino Acid
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Glutamate
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