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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hydrogen
|
H
1 |
|
Helium
|
He
2 |
|
Carbon
|
C
6 |
|
Oxygen
|
O
8 |
|
Aluminum
|
Al
13 |
|
Calcium
|
Ca
20 |
|
Iron
|
Fe
26 |
|
Cobalt
|
Co
27 |
|
Nickel
|
Ni
28 |
|
Copper
|
Cu
29 |
|
Molybdenum
|
Mo
42 |
|
Silver
|
Ag
47 |
|
Iodine
|
I
53 |
|
Barium
|
Ba
56 |
|
Tungsten
|
W
74 |
|
Rhenium
|
Re
75 |
|
Lead
|
Pb
82 |
|
Traits of Hydrogen
|
Only 1 particle in nucleus: 1 proton, 0 neutrons
1 electron in orbital shell No charge. H 1 |
|
Atomic Particles
|
Involve all three fundamental units of the atom
p, n, e- |
|
Nuclear Particles
|
Involves just the two fundamental units in the nucleus of the atom
p and n |
|
Protons
|
Z#
Atomic Number (not A#) Nuclear particle +1 charge mass = 1 |
|
Electrons
|
e- is 2000 x lighter than a proton
charge = -1 mass = 0.00055 |
|
Neutrons
|
n located in nucleus
No charge mass = 1 (slightly heavier than p) |
|
Nucleons
|
p's and n's in nucleus
same as atomic mass number (A#) p+n=A# A# - Z# = # of n Held together by strong nuclear force |
|
Valence #
|
# of e- in outermost shell
determines ability to combine with other elements |
|
Review
|
Z# = Atomic number (# of p)
A# = Atomic Mass Number (p+n) n = A# - Z# Atomic mass = p + n + e Atomic weight - the mass of any atom relative to the mass of an atom of carbon Maximum number of shells = 7 |
|
Periodic Table Groups
|
Vertical Columns (8)
atoms have same number of e- in outermost shell |
|
Periodic Table Periods
|
Horizontal rows (7)
atoms have same # of e- shells |
|
Ionic Bonding
|
Chemical bonding between two ions
ex. NaCl (Sodium Chloride) [table salt] |
|
Covalent Bonding
|
Sharing of outer shell e- between atoms
ex. H2O (Water) |
|
Six methods of Ionization
|
1. Exposure of matter to x-rays or gamma rays
2. Exposure of matter to a stream of e- 3. Spontaneous breakdown of radioactive nuclides 4. Exposure of certain elements to light 5. Chemical electrolysis 6. Thermionic emission |