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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What 3 factors influence resistance in blood vessels?
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1. Length
2. Viscosity 3. Radius |
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What is Poiseuille's Law?
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Flow = ((P1 - P2) * (r**4) * PI) / (Viscosity * Length * 8)
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Upon provocation, a healthy vessel gets ___, but a diseased vessel gets ____.
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better
worse |
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What is central venous pressure (CVP)?
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The pressure in the right atrium
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Venous return is _____ proportional to the central venous pressure (CVP)
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inversely
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Cardiac output (CO) and venous return (VR) should be _____.
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equal
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Normal CVP is ____.
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2 - 5 mm Hg
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Pressure on the left side of the heart is about ___.
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120 mm Hg
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What 4 factors influence venous return?
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1. Gravity
2. Respiratory cycle 3. Venous tone 4. Muscle pump |
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What type of pressure is created by gravity?
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Hydrostatic pressure
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Venous pressure increases by ____ for each cm below the right atrium in a standing person.
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1 mm Hg
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Venous pressure around the ankle is about ___ .
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90 mm Hg.
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When shifting from a lying to standing position, aortic mean pressure remains almost unchanged, because __ __ and ___ ___ ___ both rise.
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heart rate
total peripheral resistance |
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Given that the heart level is at pressure 0, then below the heart, pressure is ___, and above the heart, pressure is ___.
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positive
negative |
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Pressure measured = ___ ___ + ___ ___
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circulatory pressure
hydrostatic pressure |
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"Phasic" or venous flow is also called ______.
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spontaneous
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Although venous flow is generally phasic, venous flow close to the heart may be partially _____.
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pulsatile
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During inspiration, venous flow to the heart ____, and venous flow in the legs _____.
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increases
decreases |
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During expiration, venous flow to the heart ____, and venous flow in the legs _____.
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decreases
increases |
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During inspiration, central venous pressure (CVP) _____, thereby ____ venous return.
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decreases
increasing |
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What are the 3 pump systems in the lower extremity?
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1. Foot pump
2. Thigh pump 3. Calf venomotor pump |
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What is the function of the foot pump?
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It primes the calf pump.
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What is the function of the thigh pump?
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It ejects the thigh blood volume
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What is the function of the calf venomotor pump?
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Major ejection
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What are two structures of the venous system we should know, and which venous system does each belong to?
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Great saphenous vein (belongs to deep venous system)
Lesser saphenous vein (belongs to superficial venous system) |
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The greater saphenous vein is on the ____ side.
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medial
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The lesser saphenous vein is on the ____ side.
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lateral
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Internal perforating veins flow from ____ to ____.
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superficial
deep |
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What is the main problem with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)s?
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That the clot will eventually make its way to the lungs, and cause pulmonic infarction, which can be deadly if > 20% of the lung function is compromised.
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What veins are common donors for grafting?
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Saphenous veins
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The sympathetic nervous system is associated with ____, and has a ___ effect on the cardiovascular system.
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Adrenalin
strong |