Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
169 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Technology can best be defined as
|
new inventions
|
|
Pure science is best defined as
|
continuing search for new knowledge
|
|
Scientific theories can be changed or replaced when
|
new discoveries are made
|
|
The first step in the scientific theory method usually is
|
forming a hypothesis
|
|
The force with which the gravity pulls on a quantity of matter is referred to as
|
weight
|
|
What is the area of a room that is 4 x 10^2 cm long and 2 x 10^3 cm wide?
|
8 x 10 ^5 cm^2
|
|
Scientific methods
|
All of the above
|
|
SI is considered a consistent system because it
|
has seven base units
|
|
Which unit is used to measure the height of a book case?
|
meter
|
|
Which unit is used to measure the mass of a computer?
|
Kilogram
|
|
Convert 1,250 millimoles into moles
|
1.25mol
|
|
After formulating a question, the next step of the scientific method is
|
to perform an experiment
|
|
The speed of light is approximately 3 x 10 ^8 m/s. How would this be written in conventional notation?
|
300,000,000 m/s
|
|
You are asked to find the volume of a cube that is 2.5 cm high, 2.65 cm wide, and 3.456 cm long. How many significant figures should you show in your answer?
|
2
|
|
A scientific model is
|
new theory that takes the place of an incorrect one
|
|
The SI unit for measuring temperature is the
|
kelvin
|
|
The decimal equivalent of 10^2 is
|
0.01
|
|
What is 78,900,000,000 expressed in scientific notation?
|
789 x 10^9
|
|
The SI unit for speed is
|
m/s
|
|
On a speed-time graph, a line with a negative slope indicates that the object is
|
slowing down
|
|
If the net force on the object is zero then the object has
|
balanced forces
|
|
A tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the line is an example of
|
unbalanced forces
|
|
An object is in motion when
|
the object changes position relative to a stationary reference point
|
|
Which straight-line acceleration indicates an increase in speed?
|
All of the above
|
|
Which of the following speeds is the most accurate?
|
100 miles per hour
|
|
How can the friction on a water slide be reduced?
|
run a constant stream of water down the slide
|
|
An object that changes position relative to a reference point is
|
in motion
|
|
Average speed can be reduced by the mathematical expression
|
distance/time
|
|
The average speed of a runner who runs 500.0 m in 1.6 mins is
|
5.2 m/s
|
|
A car moving at an average speed of 55.0 mi/h for 4.25 h has traveled
|
234 mi
|
|
When the motion of an object is shown by a straight line on a distance vs time graph with distance on the y-axis, the slope of the line is the
|
speed
|
|
Displacement must always indicate
|
direction
|
|
When a centripetal acceleration occurs, an object
|
changes direction
|
|
The equation for finding average acceleration for a straight-line motion is
|
final velocity- initial velocity/time
|
|
Moving from 0m/s to 25m/s in 8.0s equals an average acceleration of
|
3.1m/s^2
|
|
On a velocity vs. time graph, what shows the value of the acceleration?
|
the slope of the line
|
|
A cheetah can accelerate at up to 6.0 m/s^2. How long does it take for a cheetah to speed up from 10.5m/s to 12.2m/s?
|
0.28 s
|
|
Net force is
|
the combination of all the forces acting on an object
|
|
The friction between objects that are stationary is called
|
static friction
|
|
The law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force is
|
Newtons first law of motion
|
|
The law that states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction force is
|
Newton's third law of motion
|
|
The law that states that the unbalanced force acting on an object equals the objects mass times its acceleration is
|
Newton's second law of motion
|
|
Which of the following equations is correct?
|
w=mg
|
|
What is the unbalanced force that slows down a ball rolling across the floor?
|
the force of friction
|
|
Express the following as an equation: One newton is the force that can give an object with a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s^2
|
1N=1kg x 1 m/s^2
|
|
What happens immediately after a sky diver opens her parachute?
|
Air resistance greatly increases
|
|
Which object has the greatest inertia?
|
A bowling ball
|
|
What force causes a skater sliding on the ice to gradually slow down?
|
fricition
|
|
One newton is the force that can give a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of
|
1 m/s^2
|
|
A force of 240.0 n causes an object to accelerate at 3.2m/s^2. What is the mass of that object?
|
75 kg
|
|
A 0.25 kg steel ball experiences a net fore of 1.15 N as it rolls down a ramp. What is the acceleration of the ball?
|
4.6 m/s^2
|
|
How much does a 59.0 kg woman weigh on earth>
|
145lb
|
|
Which is an example of a projectile motion?
|
a dart thrown at a dart board
|
|
An objects momentum is determined by an objects
|
mass and velocity
|
|
Two identical cars are traveling at equal speeds. One is going north and the other south. If they collide head-on and stick together, what will happen to the motion if the cars?
|
Both cars will stop
|
|
If you divide momentum by velocity, the result is the value of the objects
|
mass
|
|
The SI unit of force, named after the scientist who described the relationship between motion and force, is called the
|
newton
|
|
Which of the following units is used to measure acceleration?
|
m/s^2
|
|
The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest is
|
inertia
|
|
What is the mechanical advantage of a ramp that is 10 meters long and 2 meters high?
|
5
|
|
A first class lever has the
|
fulcrum in the middle
|
|
A wheelbarrow is an example of
|
second class lever
|
|
Which of the following is an example if a third class lever?
|
A hand-held boat paddle
|
|
What is the mechanical advantage of a single moveable pulley?
|
2
|
|
A boy exerts an average force of 65N when he lifts a box 1.2 meters. How much work does he do?
|
54j
|
|
_____ is defined as the rate at which work is done.
|
Power
|
|
How much power is required to do 180J of work in 2.4s?
|
75 W
|
|
What is the mechanical advantage of a ramp 2.0 m long and 0.50 m tall?
|
4.0
|
|
A wedge is a modified
|
inclined plane
|
|
Which of the following is an example of a compound machine?
|
scissors
|
|
As a dropped penny falls toward the ground, ______ energy is converted to ________ energy
|
potential, kinetic
|
|
The law of conservation of energy states that energy
|
Cannot be created or destroyed
|
|
A system that receives energy from external sources is called
|
open
|
|
_____ is the ratio if useful work output to work input.
|
Efficiency
|
|
A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?
|
zero
|
|
What are the units of work?
|
All of the above
|
|
A machine is a device that
|
increases energy
|
|
The primary source of the sun's energy is
|
nuclear fusion
|
|
What are the units of power?
|
All of the above
|
|
Which of the following is an example of a wheel and axle?
|
a block and tackle
|
|
According to the first law of thermodynamics,
|
the total energy used in any process is conserved.
|
|
The Fahrenheit temperature scale is defined by which of the following temperatures?
|
Water boils at 212 degrees and freezes at 32 degrees
|
|
A cold-blooded reptile basks on a warm rock in the sun. Its body is warmed by
|
convection
|
|
An internal combustion engine uses what kind of energy to do work?
|
Heat
|
|
Which of the following is the name of a temperature scale?
|
All of the above
|
|
Convert 75degrees C to Fahrenheit
|
167Degrees Fahrenheit
|
|
The temperature at which all molecular motion stops is
|
0 K
|
|
Convert 300 K to the Celsius scale.
|
27 degrees Celsius
|
|
Convert 458 K to the equivalent Fahrenheit temperature
|
365degrees F
|
|
The energy transferred between objects with different temperatures is
|
heat
|
|
Which of the following temperature is impossible to measure?
|
545degrees F
|
|
_____ describes how much energy is required to raise an objects temperature.
|
Specific heat
|
|
Heat always moves from an object of _____ temperature to an object of ______ temperature
|
lower, higher
|
|
Solar panels gather ____ energy from the sun.
|
radiated
|
|
Which item below contains insulation material?
|
plastic foam cup
|
|
Evaporation causes a _______ effect
|
cooling
|
|
heat engines use ______ to convert potential chemical energy and internal kinetic energy into mechanical energy
|
combustion
|
|
The transfer of energy as heat caused by the collision of molecules is called
|
conduction
|
|
Convection currents rise in air because
|
cool air descends and hot air rises
|
|
Which method of energy transfer does not involve movement of matter?
|
radiation
|
|
Water surface waves are
|
longitudinal and transverse waves
|
|
A person is standing still and listening to a siren sounding an alarm. The frequency of the sound is 500 Hz. The person begins running toward the sound at a rate of 20m/s. The frequency of the sound the person hears will
|
increase
|
|
Sound waves from a radio generally travel in which medium?
|
air
|
|
If a transverse wave is moving from right to left, the individual particles in the medium are moving
|
up and down
|
|
Waves are often caused by
|
vibrating objects
|
|
Our eyes can detect light only within a range of _____ called visible light.
|
frequencies
|
|
The maximum displacement of a particle by a wave is called
|
amplitude
|
|
The _____ is the distance between two crests of a wave.
|
wavelength
|
|
The _____ is the time it takes for one full vibration of a particle in a medium.
|
period
|
|
The speed of a sound wave
|
depends on the wavelength.
|
|
The Doppler effect is an observed change in a wave's
|
frequency
|
|
The medium seismic waves travel through is
|
rocks
|
|
Sound waves are
|
longitudinal waves
|
|
A wave has a period of 0.25 seconds. The frequency of this wave is
|
4 hertz
|
|
The frequency of a sound wave determines
|
the pitch of the sound
|
|
sound waves
|
require a medium
|
|
Light waves
|
are electromagnetic
|
|
How loud a sound is depends on
|
the amplitude of the waves
|
|
A wave with a frequency of 0.5 Hz and a speed of 10 m/s has a wavelength of
|
20 m
|
|
The pitch of a sound is most closely related to the
|
frequency of the sound waves
|
|
When a sound wave strikes your eardrum, it causes forced vibrations that are transferred to the
|
hammer anvil and stirrup
|
|
A sonar system measures distance by determining the
|
time is takes for sound waves to be reflected from a surface.
|
|
Which type of electromagnetic waves has the highest energy?
|
gamma rays
|
|
Radar work by sending a signal out from an air-traffic control tower that is
|
reflected off a plane back to the control tower.
|
|
When light moves from a material in which its speed is higher to a material in which its speed is lower, it is
|
bent away from the normal
|
|
Light rays that pass though a lens change direction because of internal reflection
|
they are refracted
|
|
Which of these affects the speed of sound?
|
temperature
|
|
Which of these affects the loudness of a sound?
|
pitch of the sound
|
|
Which of these affects the pitch of a sound?
|
frequency of the waves
|
|
What causes the sound of a guitar to get louder as its played?
|
resonance
|
|
Which device uses sound waves to view organs inside the body?
|
sonogram
|
|
Because its molecules are far apart, sound waves will travel slowly through
|
cold air
|
|
Light rays reflecting off a smooth surface reflect
|
in random directions
|
|
Light rays reflecting off a rough surface reflect
|
diffusely
|
|
The law of reflection says the angle of incidence is ____ the angle of reflection
|
equal to
|
|
An apple appears red to your eye because it
|
reflects red light
|
|
In addition to reflecting some light, every object
|
absorbs some light
|
|
When all three additive primary colors are mixed, you see the color
|
white
|
|
A mirage is caused by
|
refracting light
|
|
The rate at which light energy flows through a given area of space is referred to as its
|
intensity
|
|
When a glass rod is rubbed with silk and becomes positively charged,
|
electrons are removed from the rod.
|
|
Electric field lines
|
all of the above
|
|
The brightness of a light bulb is determined by its filament's
|
voltage
|
|
Whether or not charges will move in a material depends partly on how tightly ____ are held in the atoms of the material
|
electrons
|
|
The resistance of an insulator is
|
high
|
|
Which of the following shows how conductors, insulators, superconductors, and semiconductors rank in order of least resistance to most resistance?
|
superconductors, conductors, semiconductors, insulators
|
|
Appliances connected so that they form a single pathway for charges to flow are connected in a(n)
|
series circuit
|
|
Positive charges _____ one another
|
repel
|
|
Which of the following is a negatively charged particle?
|
electron
|
|
An electric cell is a source of electric current because of a _____ between the terminals
|
potential difference
|
|
A(n) _____is a solution that conducts electricity
|
electrolyte
|
|
The rate at which charges move through a conductor is called
|
current
|
|
Conventional current is defined as the movement of
|
positive charge
|
|
_____ is the opposition posed by a material to the flow of the current
|
Resistance
|
|
Current is produced when charges are accelerated by an electric field to move to a position of lower
|
potential energy
|
|
Calculate the resistance of a bulb that draws 0.6 A of current with a potential difference of 3 V
|
5 Ohms
|
|
A 6.0-V battery is connected to a 24-<3 resistor. What is the current in the resistor?
|
0.25 A
|
|
Individual components in a parallel circuit experience the same
|
voltage
|
|
A device connected to a 120V outlet has 2.0 A of current in it. What is the power of this device?
|
240W
|
|
A circuit breaker acts as a switch creating a(n) _____ circuit when current is too high
|
open
|
|
What voltage is required to pass 0.5 A of current through a 4.5-W bulb?
|
9V
|
|
Batteries typically have
|
one positive and one negative terminal
|
|
Resistance is caused by
|
internal friction
|
|
The SI unit of resistance is the
|
ohm
|
|
What is the potential difference across a resistor that dissipates 5.00 W of power and has a current of 5.0 A?
|
1.0V
|
|
When there is an equal amount of positive and negative charges on an object, the object is
|
neutral
|
|
Potential difference is measured in
|
volts
|
|
Current is the rate at which charges move through a(n)
|
insulator
|
|
A flashlight bulb with potential difference of 4.5V across its filament has a power output of 8.9 W. How much current is in the bulb filament?
|
1.8A
|