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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The pharynx is a continuation of which two systems?
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respiratory
digestive |
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What are the three parts of the pharynx
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Nasopharynx
Oropharynx Laryngopharynx |
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What is the order/arrangement of the three parts of the pharynx?
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Nasopharynx is most superior
Oropharynx is in the middle and slightly anterior Laryngopharynx is most inferior |
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What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?
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Superior: Posterior nasal choanae (opening)
Inferior: Soft palate/uvula |
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What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?
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Superior: Soft palate/uvula
Inferior: Epiglottic cartilage |
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What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?
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Anterior: Larynx
Superior: Epiglottic Cartilage INferior: Cricoid Cartilage/C6 vertebrae |
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What vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage found at?
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C6
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What are the two groups of pharyngeal muscles?
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circumferential (constrictors) 2
longitudinally (3) |
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What do the constrictor muscles attach to?
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median raphe which attackes to the pharyngeal tubercle
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What are the anterior attachments of the superior pharyngeal constrictor?
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pteromandibular raphe
mylohyoid line of mandible pterygoid hamulus |
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What is special about the pteromandibular raphe?
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it does not attach at the midline
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What is the anterior attachment of the middle pharyngeal constrictor?
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stylohyoid ligament
greater and lesser horns of hyoid bone |
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What is the anterior attachment of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor?
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Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
lateral surface of cricoid cartilage |
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What passes through the gap superior to the superior constrictor?
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pharyngobasiliar fascia covers levator palati and auditory tube
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What passes between the superior and middle constrictors?
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stylopharngeus
glossopharyngeal |
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What passes through the middle and inferior constrictors?
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internal laryngeal nerve of superior laryngeal of vagus
superior laryngeal artery of superior thyroid artery |
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What passes under the inferior constrictor?
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recurrent laryngeal nerve of vagus
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What lies underneath the folds of the pharynx?
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the muscles they are named for
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What is in the posterior nasal pharynx?
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posterior nasal choanae
pharyngeal orifice of auditory tube/torus tubarus which turns into the salpingopharyngeal fold and behind it is the pharyngeal recess the pharyngeal tonsils are up top |
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What is in the oropharynx?
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palatoglossal fold from palate to tongue
palaotpharyngeal fold behind palatoglossal fold palatine tonsils between the two folds at pase of tongue there is the median glossoepiglottic fold and paired lateral glosoeppilottic fold space between the median and lateral fold is the valleculae |
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What is the piriform recess?
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When the pharynx leaves space on the lateral sides of the larynx in three places
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What three muscles elevate the pharynx in swallowing?
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the three longitudinal muscles of the pharynx palatopharynx, salphingopharynx, stylopharyngeus
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What causes food to not go into the trachea?
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Longitudinal pharyngeal muscles, stylohyoid and digastrics lift up entire pharynx and larynx and hyoid bone and push them against the epiglottis which is against the base of the tongue and trachea is blocked
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What is the function of the tensor palati and levator palati?
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tensor palati tenses palate so levator palati can lift palate so that it closes off the nasopharynx
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What is the origin of the levator palati?
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infratemporal suraface of temporal bone and medial aspect of cartilaginous auditoru tube
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what is the insertion of levator palati?
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tensor palati
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what is the origin of tensor palati
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scaphoid fossa and lateral aspect of cartilingeous auditory tube
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what provides motor innervation to all muscles of the pharynx with afew exceptions?
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vagus
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what are the exceptions to the motor innervation of the pharynx?
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stylopharyngeus - CN 9
tensor palati - CN V3 mandibular |
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What provides sensory innervation to the superior aspect of nasopharynx?
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pharyngeal nerve of V2
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What innervates the rest of the pharyngeal mucosa?
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glossopharyngeal
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What innervates the entrace to the larynx?
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internal laryngeal nerve
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