P2 Spring Drug Cards - Quiz 1

Front 1

Metformin
-Glucophage

Back 1

Biguanide
Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
500mg tab BID or 850mg tab QD
Lactic acidosis, dec vit B12 absorption

Front 2

Glipizide
-Glucotrol

Back 2

Second generation sulfonylurea
Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
5-20mg (max 40mg) tab QD
Pruritis, urticaria, hypoglycemia

Front 3

Glyburide
-Micronase
-Diabeta

Back 3

Second generation sulfonylurea
Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
2.5-5mg (max 20mg) tab QD or BID
Pruritis, urticaria, hypoglycemia

Front 4

Glyburide with Metformin
-Glucovance

Back 4

Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
2.5/500 or 5/500mg tab BID
Upper respiratory infection

Front 5

Glimepiride
-Amaryl

Back 5

Sulfonylurea (3rd gen)
Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
1-4mg tab QD
Dizziness, asthenia
PxCx: Avoid excess alcohol.
PxCx: Follow prescribed diet closely.
PxCx: Take with meal.

Front 6

Sitagliptin
-Januvia

Back 6

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor
Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
100mg tab QD
Nasopharyngitis/common cold

Front 7

Pioglitazone
-Actos

Back 7

Thiazolidinedione
Antidiabetic (NIDDM only)
15-30mg QD
Upper resp infection, tooth disorder
PxCx: Can take with/out meal.
PxCx: Take quarterly HbA-1c tests.

Front 8

Insulin Glargine
-Lantus

Back 8

Antidiabetic (Type 1 and 2)
Individualized dosing (10units QD to start)
Injection site pain, hypoglycemia
Has substitution of glycine for asparagine at A21 and two arginines added to the carboxy terminal of B chain

Front 9

Insulin Novolin
-Novolin

Back 9

Antidiabetic (Type 1 and 2)
Individualized dosing
Injection hypersensitivity, hypoglycemia
It has an intermediate duration of action, meaning longer than that of regular insulin, and shorter than ultralente, glargine, or detemir

Front 10

Insulin Lispro
-Humalog

Back 10

Antidiabetic (Type 1 and 2)
Individualized dosing
Injection hypersensitivity, hypoglycemia
A fast acting insulin
The lysine and proline residues on the C-terminal end of the B-chain are reversed

Front 11

Insulin Aspart
-Novolog

Back 11

Antidiabetic (Type 1 and 2)
Individualized dosing
Injection hypersensitivity, hypoglycemia
B28, which is normally proline, is substituted with aspartic acid. This analogue has increased charge repulsion, which prevents the formation of hexamers, to create fast acting insulin

Front 12

Alendronate
-Fosamax

Back 12

Bisphosphonate
Osteoporosis
10mg QD or 70mg once a week
Rare: GI(ab pain, diarrhea)
PxCx: Swallow with 6-8 ozs of water upon rising, 30 minutes before first food, beverage, or medications.
PxCx: Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking it.
PxCx: Swallow whole, dont crush, chew or suck on tablet.

Front 13

Risedronate
-Actonel

Back 13

Bisphosphonate
Osteoporosis
5mg QD or 35mg weekly or 75mg twice a month
Rare: GI(ab pain, diarrhea)

Front 14

Ibandronate
-Boniva

Back 14

Bisphosphonate
Osteoporosis
2.5mg QD or 150mg once a month
Rare: dyspepsia(upset stomach), diarrhea

Front 15

Raloxifene
-Evista

Back 15

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Osteoporosis
60mg tab QD
Hot flashes, leg cramps

Front 16

Vitamin D
-Drisdol

Back 16

Vitamin
Rickets, hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency
50,000 IU weekly (for 8 weeks), then 1000 IU QD
Kidney toxicity, retardation

Front 17

Conjugated estrogen
-Premarin

Back 17

Hormone
Vasomotor symptoms
1.25mg QD
Menstrual bleeding, hirsutism, jaundice
PxCx: D/C if pregnancy is suspected.
PxCx: May be taken with food or milk if gi upset.

Front 18

Estradiol
-Estrace

Back 18

Hormone
Vasomotor symptoms
1-2mg QD
Cardiovascular or thromboembolic disorders
PxCx: Do not take during pregnancy
PxCx: Closely follow cyclic administration
PxCx: For cream, insert applicator high into vagina (2/3 length).

Front 19

Tamoxifen citrate
-Nolvadex

Back 19

Antineoplastic
Metastatic breast cancer
10-20mg BID
Hot flashes

Front 20

Levonorgestrel
-Trivora
-Triphasil
-Enpresse

Back 20

Oral contraceptive
One tab QD for 28 days
Cardiovascular or thromboembolic disorders

Front 21

Etonogestrel
-Nuvaring

Back 21

Vaginal contraceptive
One ring for 21 days
Migraines, Cardiovascular or thromboembolic disorders, Ocular lesions
CxPx: Smoking incs risk of severe adverse effects
CxPx: Contraceptives are intended to prevent pregnancy, they dont protect against stds.
CxPx: Breakthrough bleeding may occur during the first few months.
CxPx: Missing a period the first month of contraception use is normal, but missing two months is a sign of pregnancy.

Front 22

Norgestimate
-Ortho-cyclen
-Tri-cyclen
-Tri-cyclen Lo
-Sprintec
-TriSprintec
-Trinessa

Back 22

Oral contraceptive
One tab QD for 28 days
Cardiovascular or thromboembolic disorders

Front 23

Drospirenone
-Yasmin
-Ocella

Back 23

Oral contraceptive
One tab QD for 28 days
Cardiovascular or thromboembolic disorders
Also treats moderate acne, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PDD)

Front 24

Mometasone furoate monohydrate (intranasal)
-Nasonex

Back 24

Glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory
Antiallergy
50mcg/spray, 2 sprays/nostril QD
Headache, viral infection, pharyngitis(sore throat)

Front 25

Fluticasone propionate (nasal)
-Flonase

Back 25

Corticosteroid
Antiallergy
50mcg/spray, 2 sprays/nostril QD
Nasal burning, epistaxis(nose bleed)
PxCx: Shake container well before use.
PxCx: Clear nasal passages of secretions prior to use.

Front 26

Fluticasone propionate (inhalation)
-Flovent

Back 26

Antiasthmatic (maintenance, prophylaxis)
Diskus or MDI
If on bronchodilator: 50-88 mcg BID
If on inhaled corticosteroids: 50-250 mcg BID
Pharyngitis(inflammation of the throat), nasal congestion

Front 27

Fluticasone propionate with salmeterol xinafoate
-Advair

Back 27

Corticosteroid
Asthma & COPD (maintenance)
One diskus or two HFA inhalations BID 12hr apart
Rash, angioedema, upper respiratory infection
PxCx: Not intended for immediate relief of bronchospasms.
PxCx: Counsel the px on how to use the diskus device or HFA inhaler
PxCx: For aerosol inhaler, avoid contact with eyes.

Front 28

Montelukast sodium
-Singulair

Back 28

Cysteinyl leukotriene (LTD4) antagonist
Seasonal/perennial allergic rhinitis(hay fever),
Exercise induced bronchospasms,
Antiasthmatic (maintenance, prophylaxis)
10mg tab QD evening
Headache(18%), influenza
PxCx: Not intended to treat bronchospasms
PxCx: Tell phenylketonurics that chewables contain phenylalanine.

Front 29

Levalbuterol
-Xopenex

Back 29

Beta2 agonist
Antiasthmatic (bronchospasms)
0.63mg TID q6-8h
Dizziness, pharyngitis
PxCx: For inhaler, avoid contact with eyes
PxCx: For inhaler, shake well before inhalation.
PxCx: For inhaler, prime with 4 sprays before first use, or if not used for 3 days.
PxCx: For vials, discard if soln is not colorless.
PxCx: For vials, keep vials inside foil pouch until ready to use.
PxCx: For vials, once foil pouch is opened use all 12 vials within 2 weeks.

Front 30

Ipratropium bromide with albuterol sulfate (MDI)
-Combivent

Back 30

Anticholinergic + Beta2 agonist
COPD, asthma
Two inhalations QID(4)
Bronchitis(12%), upper resp infection(11%)

Front 31

Tiotropium bromide (inhalation)
-Spiriva

Back 31

Anticholinergic
COPD
One 18 mcg capsule QD
Dry mouth(16%)

Front 32

Albuterol sulfate (inhalation)
-Proventil
-Ventolin
-Proair

Back 32

Antiasthmatic (prevents regular and exercise induced bronchospasms)
Two (108mcg) inhalations QID(4)
Two inhalations 15 minutes prior to exercise
Nervousness, tremor

Front 33

Varenicline tartrate
-Chantix

Back 33

(partial) nicotinic agonist
Smoking cessation
1mg tab BID
Headache, insomnia
PxCx: Begin one week prior to smoking cessation.
PxCx: Follow prescribed taper to minimize adverse effects.

Front 34

Dicyclomine
-Bentyl

Back 34

GI antispasmotic (irritable bowel syndrome)
10-20mg 3-4 times daily
Dizzy/drowsy, headache, dry mouth

Front 35

Tolterodine tartrate
-Detrol

Back 35

Urinary bladder modifier
2mg tabs BID, or one 4mg tab QD
Dry mouth, headache, dizziness

Front 36

Oxybutynin chloride
-Ditropan

Back 36

Anticholinergic (of bladder smooth muscle)
Urinary bladder modifier
5mg 1-3 times daily
Dry mouth, drowsiness, confusion
PxCx: May cause drowsiness, caution when mental alertness req'd.
PxCx: Avoid prolonged exposure to hot weather
PxCx: For XL, the tablet shell may be found in the stool.

Front 37

Darifenacin hydrobromide
-Enablex

Back 37

Urinary bladder modifier
15mg QD
Dry mouth, constipation, UTI, blurred vision

Front 38

Solifenacin succinate
-Vesicare

Back 38

Urinary bladder modifier
5mg QD
Dry mouth, constipation, UTI, blurred vision

Front 39

Memantine
-Namenda

Back 39

Alzheimers
10mg BID
Dizziness, headache, confusion

Front 40

Donepezil
-Aricept

Back 40

Anticholinesterase
Alzheimers
10mg QD at bedtime
Insomnia, N&V
PxCx: May be taken with/out food.
PxCx: Take at bedtime.

Front 41

Carisoprodol
-Soma

Back 41

Muscle relaxant
250-350mg QID(4)
Dizzy/drowsy, headache
PxCx: May cause drowsiness, caution when mental alertness req'd.
PxCx: May cause dry mouth.
PxCx: Avoid alcohol while taking medication.

Front 42

Methocarbamol
-Robaxin

Back 42

Muscle relaxant
750-1000mg QID(4)
Pruritis, rash, dizzy/drowsy

Front 43

Tizanidine
-Zanaflex

Back 43

Muscle relaxant (spasticity)
4mg TID
Abnormal liver function tests, blurred vision, dizzy/drowsy

Front 44

Metaxalone
-Skelaxin

Back 44

Muscle relaxant
800mg 3-4 times daily
N&V, GI discomfort, dizzy/drowsy

Front 45

Baclofen
-Lioresal

Back 45

Muscle relaxant (MS)
10-20mg 3-4 times daily
Dizzy/drowsy

Front 46

Cyclobenzaprine
-Amrix
-Flexeril
-Fexmid

Back 46

Muscle relaxant
5mg TID or 15mg XR QD
Drowsy/dizzy, dry mouth

Front 47

Lidocaine
-Lidoderm

Back 47

Topical analgesic (herpes nerve pain)
1-3 patches on for 12hrs
Erythema, pruritis, dermatitis

Front 48

Sumatriptan
-Imitrex

Back 48

Antimigraine
25-100mg prn
Abnormal sensations (tingling, warmth, burning)

Front 49

Potassium chloride
-Klor-Con
-K-Dur
-Micro-K

Back 49

K+ deficiency
16-80mEq QD or 8-40mg BID
N&V, GI

Front 50

Furosemide
-Lasix

Back 50

Loop Diuretic
CHF edema: 20-80mg in 1-2 doses
HTN: 40mg BID
Hearing loss, weakness, muscle cramps, anemia, photosensitivity
PxCx: Avoid overexposure to sunlight.
PxCx: May cause orthostatic hypotension.

Front 51

Bumetanide
-Bumex

Back 51

Diuretic (edema)
0.5-2mg in 1-2 doses
Dizziness, muscle cramps, weakness, impaired hearing, hypokalemia

Front 52

Triamterene with HCTZ
-Dyazide
-Maxzide

Back 52

Diuretic
Edema:1-2 doses (37.5mg) BID
HTN: 1-2 doses (37.5mg) QD
Muscle cramps, weakness, dry mouth

Front 53

Spironolactone
-Aldactone

Back 53

Diuretic
Edema: 25-200mg QD
HTN: 25-100mg QD
Weakness, paresthesia, confusion, dry mouth, muscle cramps

Front 54

Hydrochlorothiazide
-Hydrodiuril
-Microzide

Back 54

Thiazide Diuretic
Edema: 25-100mg in 1-2 doses
HTN: 25mg QD
Dry mouth, muscle cramps, weakness, photosensitivity
PxCx: Avoid excess exposure to sunlight.
PxCx: May be taken with/out food.

Front 55

Thyroid (dessicated)
-Armour Thyroid

Back 55

Hormone
Hypothyroidism: 60-180mg QD
Rare: nervousness, wgt loss, sweating

Front 56

Levothyroxine
-Synthroid
-Levoxyl
-Levothroid

Back 56

Hormone (replacement)
25-300mcg QD
Rare: hypermetabolic state
PxCx: Notify physician if signs of hyperthyroidism.
PxCx: Do not d/c without consulting physician.
PxCx: Short term loss of hair in children

Front 57

Prednisone
-Deltasone

Back 57

Anti-inflammatory
5-60mg QD
Blurred vision, upset stomach, N&V

Front 58

Methylprednisolone
-Medrol

Back 58

Anti-inflammatory
4-48mg QD
Blurred vision, upset stomach, N&V

Front 59

Tamsulosin
-Flomax

Back 59

Prostate anti-inflammatory
0.4-0.8mg QD
Headache, dizziness, rhinitis

Front 60

Triamcinolone Acetonide
-Kenalog

Back 60

Topical corticosteroid (inflammation, pruritis)
Thin film 2-4 times/day
Local burning, itching

Front 61

Clopidogrel bisulfate
-Plavix

Back 61

Hematological agent (platelett aggregation inhibitor)
Reduction of MI, stroke, atherosclerosis
75mg QD
Upper respiratory infection, chest pain, flu-like symptoms
PxCx: Can be taken with/out regard to meals.
PxCx: Increased bleeding time.

Front 62

Ferrous sulfate
-Slow FE

Back 62

Iron deficiency anemia
200mg QD
Constipation, N&V, heartburn

Front 63

Clonidine
-Catapres

Back 63

HTN
0.1-0.3mg BID
Dry mouth, dry eyes, drowsy/dizzy

Front 64

Doxazosin mesylate
-Cardura

Back 64

Alpha1 antagonist
HTN or BPH: 1-8mg QD
Dizziness, headache, fatigue
PxCx: For XL, take in morning with breakfast.
PxCx: For XL, swallow whole, dont chew, crush, or split.
PxCx: For XL, the tablet shell may be present in stool.

Front 65

Terazosin
-Hytrin

Back 65

HTN or BPH: 1-5mg QD
Dizziness, headache, asthenia

Front 66

Metoprolol tartrate
-Lopressor

Back 66

HTN: 100-450mg in 1-2 doses
Dizziness, fatigue, depression, SoB

Front 67

Metoprolol succinate
-Toprol XL

Back 67

Beta1 blocker
HTN: 25-100mg QD
Angina: 100-400mg QD
Dizziness, fatigue, SoB
PxCx: Take with food to inc absorption.
PxCx: May cause dizziness, caution when mental alertness req'd.
PxCx: Do not d/c without consulting physician.

Front 68

Propranolol
-Inderal
-Innopran

Back 68

Beta blocker
HTN: 80mg QD, (640mg max)
Angina: 30-160mg divided doses
Dizziness, fatigue, lightheadedness
PxCx: Dont d/c without consulting physician.
PxCx: May cause drowsiness, caution when mental alertness is req'd.

Front 69

Atenolol
-Tenormin

Back 69

HTN: 50-100mg QD
Angina: 50-200mg QD
Dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness

Front 70

Carvedilol
-Coreg

Back 70

Beta and alpha1 blocker
HTN: 12.5mg BID
Dizziness(32%)
PxCx: Take with food to dec orthostatic hypotension.
PxCx: Contact lens wearers may have dec'd lacrimation.
PxCx: May cause drowsiness, caution when mental alertness is req'd.

Front 71

Quinapril
-Accupril

Back 71

HTN: 20-80mg in 1-2 doses
Angioedema, cough

Front 72

Lisinopril
-Prinivil
-Zestril

Back 72

ACE inhibitor
HTN: 20-40mg QD
Dizziness, headache
PxCx: Avoid nonprescription cough, cold, and allergy meds.
PxCx: Avoid k+ salt substitutes and supplements.

Front 73

Ramipril
-Altace

Back 73

HTN: 2.5-20mg in 1-2 doses
Angioedema, cough

Front 74

Enalapril maleate
-Vasotec

Back 74

ACE inhibitor
HTN: 5-40mg in 1-2 doses
Dizziness, headache
PxCx: D/C use if swelling occurs.
PxCx: Avoid salt substitutes or supplements with k+.

Front 75

Benazepril
-Lotensin

Back 75

HTN: 20-80mg in 1-2 doses
Angioedema, cough

Front 76

Olmesartan medoxomil
-Benicar

Back 76

HTN: 20mg QD
Dizziness, back pain

Front 77

Olmesartan medoxomil with HCTZ
-Benicar HCT

Back 77

HTN: One tab (20-40/12.5-25mg) QD
Dizziness, upper respiratory infection

Front 78

Losartan potassium
-Cozaar

Back 78

Angiotensin 2 rx blocker
HTN: 25-100mg in 1-2 doses (shorthand for divided doses)
Upper respiratory infection, dizziness
PxCx: D/C if pregnant.
PxCx: Can be taken with/out food.

Front 79

Valsartan
-Diovan

Back 79

Angiotensin 2 rx blocker
HTN: 80-320mg QD
Well tolerated (headache, dizziness same as placebo)
PxCx: D/C if pregnant.
PxCx: Can be taken with/out food.

Front 80

Valsartan with HCTZ
-Diovan HCT

Back 80

HTN: One tab (80-320/12.5-25mg) QD
Dizziness, fatigue, viral infection

Front 81

Lisinopril with HCTZ
-Zestoretic
-Prinzide

Back 81

HTN: 10-80mg/6.25-100mg QD
Dizziness, headache

Front 82

Amlodipine besylate
-Norvasc

Back 82

HTN: 2.5-10mg QD
Edema, flushing

Front 83

Amlodipine besylate with benazepril

Back 83

Lotrel
HTN: 2.5-10mg/10-40mg QD
Angioedema

Front 84

Diltiazem
-Cardizem
-Cartia
-Tiazac

Back 84

HTN: 240-360mg in 1-2 doses
Angina: 180-360mg in 3-4 doses
Edema, bradycardia, flushing, AV block

Front 85

Nifedipine
-Procardia
-Nifedical XL
-Adalet CC

Back 85

Ca+ channel blocker
Angina or HTN: 30-90mg QD
Edema, palpitations, hypotension
PxCx: Avoid grapefruit juice during therapy.
PxCx: Take on empty stomach(one hour before or two hours after a meal).

Front 86

Verapamil
-Isoptin
-Calan
-Verelen

Back 86

HTN: 120-240mg QD or BID
Angina: 260-480mg in divided doses q6-8h
Hypotension, edema

Front 87

Nitroglycerin
-Nitrostat
-Nitroquick

Back 87

Angina: 1-3 tabs (0.3-0.6mg each) within 15 minutes
Transient headache, N&V

Front 88

Isosorbide mononitrate
-Imdur

Back 88

Antianginal
Prophylactic angina: 30-120mg QD
Headache(50%), dizziness, tinnitus, blurred vision
PxCx: Avoid alcohol.
PxCx: Headaches are a sign of drug effectiveness, take aspirin or acetaminophen.

Front 89

Digoxin
-Lanoxin
-Lanoxicaps
-Digitek

Back 89

Cardiac glycoside
Inotropic agent (heart failure, atrial fib/flutter/tachy): 0.125-0.5mg QD
Anorexia, N&V, gynecomastia
PxCx: Dont d/c without consulting physician.
PxCx: Dont take any nonprescription cough or cold meds, or antacids or laxatives.

Front 90

Amiodarone
-Cordarone
-Pacerone

Back 90

Class 3 Antiarrhythmic(vent fib/tachy): 400mg QD
Hypotension, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, CHF

Front 91

Sildenafil citrate
-Viagra

Back 91

50mg prn 1 hr before boner
Headache, flushing

Front 92

Warfarin sodium
-Coumadin
-Jantoven

Back 92

Anticoagulant(pulmonary/atrial/venous embolisms): 2-10mg in 1-2 doses (note: 2 doses would be in divided doses, just shorthand)
Bleeding, fever, alopecia

Front 93

Dipyridamole and aspirin
-Aggrenox

Back 93

Antiplatelet(to reduce risk of stroke): One capsule (200mg/25mg) BID
Headache, ab pain

Front 94

Atorvastatin calcium
-Lipitor

Back 94

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 10-80mg QD
GI

Front 95

Simvastatin
-Zocor

Back 95

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 10-40mg QD
Constipation, rare: muscle pain
PxCx: Avoid overexposure to sunlight.
PxCx: Closely follow prescribed diet.

Front 96

Pravastatin sodium
-Pravachol

Back 96

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 10-40mg HS
Headache, rare: muscle pain

Front 97

Rosuvastatin calcium
-Crestor

Back 97

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 5-40mg QD
Myalgia, constipation, asthenia

Front 98

Ezetimibe
-Zetia

Back 98

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 10mg tab QD
Myalgia, inc CPK, inc liver transaminases, hepatitis
PxCx: Closely follow prescribed diet.
PxCx: Take with/out meals.
PxCx: Contact physician if signs of myopathy.

Front 99

Lovastatin
-Mevacor

Back 99

Antihyperlipidemic(primary hypercholesterolemia types 2a and 2b): 20-40mg HS
Headache, GI

Front 100

Ezetimibe with simvastatin
-Vytorin

Back 100

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 10/20mg (starting dose) QD
Mild headache, upper respiratory infection

Front 101

Fenofibrate
-Tricor

Back 101

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): One 145mg tab QD
Abnormal liver function test

Front 102

Gemfibrozil
-Lopid

Back 102

Fibrate
Antihyperlipidemic(hyperlipidemias types 4 or 5): 600mg BID
Dyspepsia(20%), ab pain
PxCx: Contact physician if signs of myositis.
PxCx: May cause dizziness or blurred vision, caution when alertness is req'd.

Front 103

Niacin ER
-Niaspan

Back 103

Antihyperlipidemic(dec cholesterol, inc HDL): 500-2000mg HS
Flushing(88%), pruritis, rash