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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Organs in Neck & Thorax
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Heart, lungs, thymus, anterior vena cava, aorta, esophagus
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Heart
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4 chambers; dark-colored atria hold pacemaker; parietal pericardium destroyed as removing sternum; cardiovascular sys.
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Lungs
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light pink, shriveled; deflated as air entered thoracic cavity; CO2 leaves; O taken in; respiratory sys.
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Thymus
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pale mass anterior and ventral to heart, between lungs; creates T-cells; lymphatic/immune sys.
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Anterior Vena Cava
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thin walled, dark vessel; humans: aka superior vena cava; drains blood frm head & superior (rat-anterior) extremities back 2 <3 & enters <3 @ right atrium; cardiovascular sys.
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Aorta
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thick-walled, blue-white tube arising frm top of <3, arches to left & descends dorsal to <3 alongside thorax; major distributive blood vessel; cardio sys.
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Esophagus (oesophagus by traditionalists)
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dorsal & parallel to trachea; tube carrying food to stomach.
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Organs of the Abdominal Cavity
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Peritoneum, Diaphram, Small Intestine, Liver, Stomach, Gall Bladder, Spleen, Pancreas, Cecum, Large Intestine, Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder, Urethra, Aorta, Posterior Vena Cava
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Peritoneum
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Shiny slippery serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and all its organs.
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Diaphragm
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A dome-shaped muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
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Small Intestine
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Joined together by thin membrane -mesentary proper/mesenteron
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Mesentary Proper/Mesenteron
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2 layers of peritoneum w/ blood vessels & nerves inbtwn supplying O, hormones, etc & carry nutrients absorbed frm intestine 2 body; lifts off @dorsal body wall where it connects w/ parietal peritoneum;
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Liver
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Largest visceral organ in body; posterior to diaphram; many f(x) linked w/ metabolism; digestive sys mostly?
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Stomach
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Anterior end of small intestine; lies on left of abdominal cavity; temporary storage organ for ingested food; dig sys.
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Gall Bladder
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Not in rats- dont need bile storage; humans- dorsal surface of right lobe of liver; stores bile (emulsifies eaten fat);
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Pancreas
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human- discreat w/ sharp well-defined borders behind peritoneum (retroperitoneal) btween duodenum & stomach; produces enzymes 4 digestion & 2 hormones to regulate blood sug. lvls; scrambled eggs;
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Spleen
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EGGPLANT look-alike!; far left; resembles narrow, thick bay leaf in humans, resembles liver; filters blood and brks down old erythrocytes; lymphatic sys.
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Cecum
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junction of small & large intestines; thin-walled pouch; harbors bacteria - assist in brkdwn of ingested cellulose; large in rats, smaller in humans;
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Cecum
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After appendix; be4 ascending colon. Connects ileum to ascending colon (via ileocecal valve), tho vry small connection - philophrs named it "caecum"/blind; digestive sys.
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Large Intestine
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usually has oblong fecal pellets present in lumen; ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum; absorbs water, vitamins, and stores feces until expelled;
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Kidneys
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dark red, bean shaped, lie against dorsal body wall covered by parietal peritoneum; regulates fluid and electrolyte balance of body; urinary sys.
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Ureter
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Tubes that drain urine from kidneys to urinary bladder; fine white threads; urinary sys.
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Urinary Bladder
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sac-like structure in pubic region; white mushroom shape..; urinary sys.
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Urethra
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Passage from urinary bladder to outside. Prob wont see this.
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Aorta
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Left of midline; Like other arteries in body, carries blood away from heart; cardiovascular system.
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Posterior Vena Cava
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humans- aka inferior vena cava; drains blood frm most organs in posterior (inferior) part of body; runs ventral 2 aorta; dark color; carries blood to <3
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Uterus
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rat- looks like "Y"; stem-body characterized by thickened ring of cervix; arms- uterine horms (where embroyos develop; human- midline muscular organ w/ pear size/shape; rep sys.
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Vagina
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connects with uterus; terminates just below the muscular uterine cervix; birth canal;
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Oviducts
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oviduct at the anterior end of each uterine horn; fine white thread-like twisted coil; human- oviduct=fallopian tube= uterine tube & connects w/ single midline uterus; fertilization site;
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Ovaries
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rat- tiny, lumpy, dark red, closely associated w/ oviducts; produce eggs & sex hormones: estrogen & progesterone;
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Scrotum
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sac lying at base of tail containing testes; can be retracted through inguinal canal.
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Penis
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seen on ventral surface, covered by prepuce; right-angle bend along length; contains urethra; resp & dig sys.
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Testes
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Produce sperm & sex hormone: testosterone; large white structures; wave-like vessels across surface; temp regulation; reprod sys.
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Epididymis
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alongside testes, large dumb-bell shape; mass of tubules through thin outer covering-store sperm; ductus deferens arises from posterior pole.
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Ductus Deferens
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tube conveys sperm during ejaculation from epididymis tourethra for delivery 2 female reproductive tract;
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Seminal Vesicle
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large, paired, pale-colored shaped structure lies attached to where ductus deferens joins urethra; produces substantial portion of seminal ejaculate; reproductive sys.
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Prostate
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Round, somewhat translucent; lies base of urinary bladder; provides some seminal ejaculate;
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