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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
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Imperfect dentin
teeth break easily radiolucent obliterated pulp chambers |
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Cleft Lip & Palate caused by
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teratogens
hormone deficiency nutritional deficiency infection maternal age |
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Cleft Lip
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mesodermal tissue of lip does not fuse
1/600-800 births per year most common: white males |
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Cleft Palate
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mesodermal tissue of palate does not fuse
1/2500 births white female |
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Cleiodcranial Dysostosis
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genetic
bulging forehead absence of clavicles supernumerary teeth delay in shedding gemination & concrescence |
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Osteomyelitis
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bone infection
more common mandible acute or chronic radiolucent antibiotic therapy |
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Condensing Osteitis
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reaction of bone near apices due to low grade infection
chunk of cementum around apex trying to protect itself from infection/abcess |
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Osteoradionecrosis
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damage due to radiation
mandible necrotic bone |
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Osteochemonecrosis
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necrosis of jaw from drugs
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Osteoma
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benign bone tumor
hard/indurated outer surface of mand. in premolar & angle of mand. |
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Exostosis
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benign outgrowth of normal bone
maxilla |
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Torus
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extra bone
possibly to trauma, occlusion, genetics 20-30% have some type of tori |
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Torus Palatinus
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palatal tori
20% of population |
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Torus Mandibularis
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mandibular tori
usually lingual in premolar region 7% of population |
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Central Giant Cell Granuloma (reparative)
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over correction from trauma
radiolucent borders well demarcated PDL stretched (loose teeth) |
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Eosinophilic Granuloma
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radiolucent
culture red dots |
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Fibrosarcoma
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Cancer of mesoderm
CT of mandible radiolucent loose teeth invasive & agressive spindle shaped fibrous CT surgical removal |
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Chondrosarcoma
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cancer of mesoderm
cartilage! spindle/stellate cells c masses of cartilage cells not as invasive surgical removal |
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Osteosarcoma
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cancer of bone
malignant c poor prognosis trauma, young indiv. sunray appearance on xray surgical removal (c lots of mand.) |
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Multiple Myeloma
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Cancer of bone marrow/plasma cells
40-70 yrs old BENCE JONES PROTEIN mandible no cure, can be slowed painful radiolucent |
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Carcinoma cells are transported through which system?
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lymph
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Sarcoma cells are transported through which system?
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venous
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Hemangioma
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blood tumor
more typical in skin, but can occur in mandible blood fills trabecular bone |
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Fractures of mandible occur in which places at the following percents?
13 20 31 36 |
symphysis
angle body subcondylar *respectively |
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What factors would adversely affect mand. fracture healing?
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infection
foreign body movement no blood supply separation of bone (space btwn) age, nutrition level, systemic illness |
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Tooth Socket Healing Steps
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
hemorrhage
clot-24-48 hrs granuloma-1 wk osteoblasts/bone formation reepithelialization-2 wks final remodeling-6 wks-6 mos |
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What is a cyst?
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pathological cavity w/in body tissues
fluid filled sac lined by epithelium |
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Sialoadenitis
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inflammation of salivary gland
from direct spread of bacteria |
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sialolithiases
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obstruction of duct by calculus like mass (sialolith)
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Autoimmune Sialadenitis
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inflammation
associated with autoimmune disorders most often in parotid |
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Normal Salivary Flow
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500-1500 ml/day
proportionally greater in infants 10 ml at night |
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Sialorrhea
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increased salivary flow
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xerostomia
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dry mouth from decreased salivary flow
causes: drugs, surgery, radiation, inflammation, systemic illness dry, red, burning, pain susceptible to caries and cadidiasis |
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epidemic parotitis (mumps)
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inflammation of salivary glands and gonads c possible involvement of CNS
edema of salivary glands (parotid) tender ducts pain in gland (often 1st symptom) malaise lasts 10 days |
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Mucocele
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saliva walled of by CT
from trauma often on lower lip can be blue in appearance |
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Ranula
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*little frog--frog belly appearance
found in floor of mouth assoc c sublingual gland large, rapid growing |
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Name the four main groups of specialized epithelium on the tongue
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filliform papilla, fungiform papilla, foliate papilla, and circumvallate papilla
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Erythema Multiformae
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red lesions start as vesicles, bullae, ulcers, then covered with yellow-grey membrane
target lesions* |
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Pemphigus
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automimmune
painful red blisters NIKOLSKY TEST (rub and vesicles appear) |
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Pephigoid
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similar to pepmhigus, but goes away in 2 wks or so
oral and eye lesions non fatal auntoimmune |
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Not in oral cavity, but on face/lips, etc
small papule w central ulceration etiology=sun |
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Lupus Erythematosus
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autoimmune
butterfly wing shape over bridge of nose oral lesions in 25% |
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AIDS
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immune system disfunction
affects CD4+ T lymphocytes |
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HIV associated oral lesions
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apthous ulcer
NUP Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpes Hairy Leukoplakia Candidiasis |
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Papilloma
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finger like growths of epithelium
often pedunculated not significant unless consistantly traumatized |
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adenoma
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epithelial tumor of glandular origin (salivary gland origin)
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Fibroma
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smooth surface
relatively firm tongue & buccal mucosa MX collagen fibers, fibroblasts |
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Lipoma
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Fat cells in CT stroma
floor of mouth and buccal mucosa benign |
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Schwannoma (Neurilemoma)
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schwann cell overgrowth
slow growing asymptomatic |
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Neurofibroma
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overgrowth of all neuron elements
may change to sarcoma |
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Myoblastoma
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same as schwannoma
benign muscle of tongue |
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Hemangioma
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blood tumor
port wine stain of skin flat |
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Cavernous hemangioma
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distended/elevated
filled with blood |
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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raised lesion, central ulceration & rolled borders
red, velvety, wart-like surfact hard, fixed to underlying tissue lateral border of tongue, floor of mouth, gingiva many possible causes (virus, genetics, trauma, uv light, chemicals, alcohal, & TOBACCO, HPV |
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What is the number one risk factor for SCC?
The top three things? |
1.tobacco
2.alcohol 3.age |
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What is the most common EXTRA oral site for SCC?
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lips
|
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What are signs of SCC? or cancer?
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Sores that won't heal
White or Red Difficult swallowing, eating, chewing Bleeding, earaches, change in occlusion |
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Melanoma
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bluish grey or black lesion
highly malignant rarely found in oral cavity (except as metastatic lesion_ If you see black in the mouth REFER! |
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Ameloblastoma
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most common odontogenic tumor
arises from Oral Epithelium, DL, EO, or epith. rests mostly in mandible radiolucent punched out area locally very destructive |
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Compound Odontoma
VS Complex Odontoma |
COMPOUNDmutliple small teeth (denticles)
formed during tooth development surgival removal COMPLEX one big ball of tooth like stuff no anatomical relationship to one another |
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Odontogenic Fibroma/myxoma
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mesenchymal origin
usually where tooth is or was located irregular radiolucent, slow growth |
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Odontogenic Cementoma
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small radiolucency around cementum. inside PDL "cement(um)"oma
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hyperemia
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pain which does not occur spontaneously. it's initiated by stimulus (hot, cold, sweet, etc) and disappears if the stimulus is removed.
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Acute pulpitis
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irreversable pulp damage.
pain poorly localized lingering pain may be vital caused by trauma, temp, caries, chemicals, bleaching, immune response |
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Acute apical inflammation
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absess
draining fistula possible |
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cellulitis
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infection through cortical plate causing big facial swellings
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Cevernous Sinus Thrombosis
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vessels walls irritated from previous infection causing clotting of the cavernous sinus.
dangerous |
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Chronic pulpitis
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closed pulpal inflammation
comes and goes |
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Chronic open pulpitis
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pulp tissue exposed to oral cavity through opening (usually caries)
granulation tissue may be present so pain isn't usually a factor |
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chronic apical abscess
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bone necrosis right by apical foramen
tooth resorption possible |
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Chronic apical granuloma
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area of apical bone destruction is filled with granulation tissue
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acute vs chronic pulpal conditions
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acute=lucency/abscess
chronic=granulation tissue |
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apical periodontal cyst
PA cyst radicular cyst dental cyst |
PA cavity lined with epitheliam
PA cyst will not heal after root canal because CT can't go into cyst space |