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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Blepharitis
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-Yellow flakes/scales in lashes
-Inflamed lid margins -Buildup of secretions +/- bacterial overgrowth -Rx: lid hygiene +/- antibiotic ointment |
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Hordeolum (stye)
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-Blockage of lid gland: external = hair follicle, internal = melbomian gland
- +/- infection -Rx: warm compress |
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Blepharitis
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-Yellow flakes/scales in lashes
-Inflamed lid margins -Buildup of secretions +/- bacterial overgrowth -Rx: lid hygiene +/- antibiotic ointment |
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Hordeolum (stye)
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-Blockage of lid gland: external = hair follicle, internal = melbomian gland
- +/- infection -Rx: warm compress |
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Chalazion
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-Chronic Stye
-Rx: warm compress +/- I&D |
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Dacryocystitis
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-infection of nasolacrimal duct due to obstruction
-Rx: oral antibiotics then surgery (dacryocystorhinostomy) |
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canaliculitis
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-Infection in canaliculus
-uncommon -chronic, unusual organism (Actinomyces israelii) -Rx: REFER, I&D + antibiotic irrigation |
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Dacryoadenitis
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-Young people
-Infection of lacrimal gland -May look like other things -Rx: REFER, oral/IV antibiotics +/- I&D |
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Preseptal Cellulitis
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-Eylid redness, edema & tenderness
-Infection spread from adjacent wound/sinus -S. aureus, S. pneumo, H. flu |
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Orbital Cellulitis
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-Eyelid redness, edema and tenderness
-chemosis, proptosis, limited EOM, pain with movement -Infection spread from sinus, nasolacrimal gland or orbital fracture -Rx: CT, IV antibiotics |
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Subconjuctival Hemorrhage
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-Traumatic cause - REFER
-Spontaneous cause - self resolving (10 days) |
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Bacterial Conjunctivitis
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-redness and mild irritation
-purulent discharge, conjunctival papillae, no pre-auricular LN's -S. aureus (+/-blepharitis), S. pneumo, H. flu -Rx: polysporin, fucithalmic |
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Hyperpurulent Conjuctivitis
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-Serious condition - may get corneal perforation
-gonococcal infection -URGENT REFERRAL -Rx: intensive IV and topical antibiotics |
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Viral Conjunctivitis
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-itching, burning, redness
-Follicular conjunctival reactions -Subepithelial infiltrates (1-2wks after infection) -history of viral URI -highly contagious -adenovirus usually -worsening for 4-7 days, resolves in next 2-3weeks -Rx: arifical tears and cool compress |
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Allergic Conjunctivitis
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-itching, seasonal, atopic person, rhinitis
-chemosis, papillary conjunctival reaction, mucous -Rx: cool compress, artificial tears, topical antihistamines/vasoconstrictors (visine - avoid overuse), systemic antihistamines, topical mast cell stabilizers -REFER severe cases - topical steroids |
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Giant papillary conjunctivitis
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-allergic conjunctivitis in contact lens wearers
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Pingueculum
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-degenerative collagen in the interpalbrebal fissure
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Pterygium
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-extra benign tissue growing from temporal conjuctiva towards pupil
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Episcleritis
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-sectoral redness, engorged episcleral vessels, mild pain
-normal vision -idiopathic, collagen vascular disease associated -Rx: topical steroids -REFER if recurrent |
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Scleritis
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-sectoral or diffuse redness, marked pain, inflammation of scleral/ episcleral/conjunctival vessels, bluish hue
-scleral thinning +/- pain (RA) -REFER |
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Keratitis
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-inflammation of the cornea
-superficial: pinpoint spots of fluorescein uptake - dry eye, welder's flash, eyedrop toxicity -deep: cornea white and opaque - corneal ulcer -Herpes - superficial to deep keratitis |
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Superficial Punctate Keratitis
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-superficial inflammation of cornea
-seen with fluorescein -dye eye, welder's flash, eyedrop toxicity |
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Corneal Abrasion
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-acute
-Hx of trauma -Fluorescein defect -clear cornea or slight edema with normal thickness -+/- cells in A/C |
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Corneal Ulcer
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-days
-caution with contact lens use -fluorescein defect -White lesion in cornea that obscures iris detail -crater defect -++ cells in A/C or hypopion -topical anesthetic abuse a possible cause |
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Herpes Simplex Kerititis
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-viral infection of cornea
-dormant in trigeminal ganglion -unilateral irritation, photophobia, pain, prominent FB sensation, reduced vision, recurrent hx -red eye (limbus), dendrite with terminal bulbs, ulcer -NO STEROIDS! -Rx: REFER - topical antivirals |
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Herpes Zoster Opthalmicus
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-reactivation of HZV in V1 dermatome
-eyelids +/- eye symptoms (keratitis, iritis, increased IOP) -REFER if eye redness, pain or blurred vision |
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Hitchinson's sign
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-HZV reactiviation that involves the tip of the nose
-V2 dermatome involvement = bad |
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Iritis
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-inflamation of iris
-miosis, redness at limbus, cells in A/C (+/- hypopyon) -pain, photophobia, reduced vision (REFER!) - eventual glaucoma -etiology unknown,ocular disease (ulcer/abrasion, trauma, tight lens, HSV/HZV) or systemic (JRA, Ank Spon, Crohn's, sarcoid, syphillis, TB) |
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Hypopyon
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-layering of WBC in the A/C
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Endopthalmitis
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-infection inside eye
-Hypopyon after recent surgery -REFER STAT! |
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Acute angle closure glaucoma
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-red eye with pain, blurred vision +/- headache
-fixed, mid-dilation of pupil - +/- corneal cloudiness -Rx: URGENT REFERAL - decrease IOP and laser iridotomy |
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Symptom: light sensitivity
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iritis, keratitits, abrasion, ulcer
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Symptom: Unilateral
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iritis, keratitits, abrasion, ulcer, HSV, acute glaucoma
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Symptom: Sever Pain
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iritis, keratitits, abrasion, ulcer, HSV, acute glaucoma, scleritis
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Symptom - white spot on cornea
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corneal ulcer
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Symptom - blurred vision
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iritis, kerititis, abrasion, ulcer, HSV, acute glaucoma, scleritis
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Symptom: non-reactive pupil
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acute glaucoma, iritis
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Symptom: Copious Discharge
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Gonococcal conjunctivies
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